英語四級新題型沖刺講義

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英語四級新題型沖刺講義

　　四級閱讀對能力和速度的要求：

　　1、速度方面的要求：

　　提高速度的方法：

　　1、改掉閱讀的不良習慣

　　2、增加視野的寬度

　　3、養成閱讀的習慣

　　4、用技巧性方式提高閱讀速度

　　1)看文章時要有所不為

　　Sometimes the pupils work in pairs; sometimes they work on individual tasks and assignments, and they can do this at their own speed. They also have some formal class teaching when this is appropriate. We encourage our pupils to use the library, and we teach them the skills they need in order to do this efficiently. An advanced pupil can do advanced work: it does not matter what age the child is. We expect our pupils to do their best, not their least, and we give them every encouragement to attain this goal.

　　We invited staff volunteers who had a strong liking for either Coca-Cola Classic(傳統型)or Pepsi, Diet(低糖的)Coke, or Diet Pepsi. These were people who thought theyd have no trouble telling their brand from the other brand.

　　We eventually located 19 regular cola drinkers and 27 diet cola drinkers. Then we fed them four unidentified samples of cola one at a time, regular colas for the one group, diet versions for the other. We asked them to tell us whether each sample was Coke or Pepsi; then we analyzed the records statistically to compare the participants choices with what mere guess-work could have accomplished.

　　Getting all four samples right was a tough test, but not too tough, we thought, for people who believed they could recognize their brand. In the end, only 7 out of 19 regular cola drinkers correctly identified their brand of choice in all four trials. The diet-cola drinkers did a little worse-only 7 of 27 identified all four samples correctly.

　　2)找答案要有方向感

　　Statuses are marvelous human inventions that enable us to get along with one another and to determine where we fit in society. As we go about our everyday lives, we mentally attempt to place people in terms of their statuses. For example, we must judge whether the person in the library is a reader or a librarian, whether the telephone caller is a friend or a salesman, whether the unfamiliar person on our property is a thief or a meter reader, and so on.

　　The statuses we assume often vary with the people we encounter, and change throughout life. Most of us can, at very high speed, assume the statuses that various situations require. Much of social interaction consists of identifying and selecting among appropriate statuses and allowing other people to assume their statuses in relation to us. This means that we fit our actions to those of other people based on a constant mental process of appraisal and interpretation. Although some of us find the task more difficult than other, most of us perform it rather effortlessly.

　　A status has been compared to ready-made clothes. Within certain limits, the buyer can choose style and fabric. But an American is not free to choose costume(服裝)of a Chinese peasant or that of a Hindu prince. We must choose from among the clothing presented by our society. Furthermore, our choice is limited to a size that will fit, as well as by our pocketbook(錢包). Having made a choice within these limits we can have certain alterations made, but apart from minor adjustments, we tend to be limited to what the stores have on their racks. Statuses too come ready made, and the range of choice among them is limited.

　　51. In the first paragraph, the writer tells us that statuses can help us ________.

　　A) determine whether a person is fit for a certain job

　　B) behave appropriately in relation to other people

　　C) protect ourselves in unfamiliar situations

　　D) make friends with other people

　　52. According to the writer, people often assume different statuses ________.

　　A) in order to identify themselves with others

　　B) in order to better identify others

　　C) as their mental processes change

　　D) as the situation changes.

　　53. The word appraisal most probably means ________ .

　　A) involvement C) assessment

　　B) appreciation D) presentation

　　54. In the last sentence of the second paragraph, the pronoun it refers to ________ .

　　A) fitting our actions to those of other people appropriately

　　B) identification of other peoples statuses

　　C) selecting ones own statuses

　　D) constant mental process

　　55. By saying that an American is not free to choose the costume of a Chinese peasant or that of a Hindu prince , the writer means ________.

　　A) different people have different styles of clothes

　　B) ready-made clothes may need alterations

　　C) statuses come ready made just like clothes

　　D) our choice of statuses is limited

　　Many a young person tells me he wants to be a writer. I always encourage such people, but I also explain that theres a big difference between being a writer and writing. In most cases these individuals are dreaming of wealth and fame, not the long hours alone at a typewriter. Youve got to want to write, I say to them, not want to be a writer.

　　The reality is that writing is a lonely, private and poor-paying affair. For every writer kissed by fortune there are thousands more whose longing is never rewarded. When I left a 20-year career in the U.S. Coast Guard to become a freelance writer(自由撰稿者), I had no prospects at all: What I did have was a friend who found me my room in a New York apartment building. It didnt even matter that it was cold and had no bathroom. I immediately bought a used manual typewriter and felt like a genuine writer.

　　After a year or so, however, I still hadnt gotten a break and began to doubt myself. It was so hard to sell a story that barely made enough to eat. But I knew I wanted to write. I had dreamed about it for years. I wasnt going to be one of those people who die wondering, What if? I would keep putting my dream to the test ― even though it meant living with uncertainty and fear of failure. This is Shadowland of hope, and anyone with a dream must learn to live there.

　　56. The passage is meant to ________.

　　A) warn young people of the hardships that a successful writer has to experience

　　B) advise young people to give up their idea of becoming a professional writer

　　C) show young people its unrealistic for a writer to pursue wealth and fame

　　D) encourage young people to pursue a writing career

　　57. What can be concluded from the passage?

　　A) Genuine writers often find their work interesting and rewarding.

　　B) A writers success depends on luck rather than on effort.

　　C) Famous writers usually live in poverty and isolation.

　　D) The chances for a writer to become successful are small.

　　58. Why did the author begin to doubt himself after the first year of his writing career?

　　A) He wasnt able to produce a single book.

　　B) He hadnt seen a change for the better.

　　C) He wasnt able to have a rest for a whole year.

　　D) He found his dream would never come true.

　　59. ... people who die wondering, What if? refers to those ________.

　　A) who think too much of the dark side of life

　　B) who regret giving up their career halfway

　　C) who think a lot without making a decision

　　D) who are full of imagination even upon death

　　60. Shadowland in the last sentence refers to ________.

　　A) the wonderland on often dreams about

　　B) the bright future that one is looking forward to

　　C) the state of uncertainty before ones final goal is reached

　　D) a world that exists only in ones imagination

　　2、能力方面的要求：

　　1)把握文章主題

　　2)說明重要細節

　　3)進行分析推理

　　4)領會作者的態度

　　七種題型：

　　1、態度題 2、是非判斷題 3、細節題 4、觀點題 5、考文章主題的主題題型 6、推理題　　7、詞匯題

　　Taste is such a subjective matter that we dont usually conduct preference tests for food. The most you can say about anyones preference, is that its one persons opinion. But because the two big cola(可樂飲料)companies―Coca-Cola and Pepsi Cola are marketed so aggressively, weve wondered how big a role taste preference actually plays in brand loyalty. We set up a taste test that challenged people who identified themselves as either Coca-Cola or Pepsi fans: Find your brand in a blind tasting.

　　While both groups did better than chance would predict, nearly half the participants in each group made the wrong choice two or more times. Two people got all four samples wrong. Overall, half the participants did about as well on the last round of tasting as on the first, so fatigue, or taste burnout, was not a factor. Our preference test results suggest that only a few Pepsi participants and Coke fans may really be able to tell their favorite brand by taste and price.

　　56. According to the passage the preference test was conducted in order to ________.

　　A) find out the role taste preference plays in a persons drinking

　　B) reveal which cola is more to the liking of the drinkers

　　C) show that a persons opinion about taste is mere guess-work

　　D) compare the ability of the participants in choosing their drinks

　　57. The statistics recorded in the preference tests show ________.

　　A) Coca-Cola and Pepsi are peoples two most favorite drinks

　　B) there is not much difference in taste between Coca-Cola and Pepsi

　　C) few people had trouble telling Coca-Cola from Pepsi

　　D) peoples tastes differ from one another

　　58. It is implied in the first paragraph that ________.

　　A) the purpose of taste tests is to promote the sale of colas

　　B) the improvement of quality is the chief concern of the two cola companies

　　C) the competition between the two colas is very strong

　　D) blind tasting is necessary for identifying fans

　　59. The word burnout here refers to the state of ________.

　　A) being seriously burnt in the skin

　　B) being unable to burn for lack of fuel

　　C) being badly damaged by fire

　　D) being unable to function because of excessive use

　　60. The authors purpose in writing this passage is to ________.

　　A) show that taste preference is highly subjective

　　B) argue that taste testing is an important marketing strategy

　　C) emphasize that taste and price are closely related to each other

　　D) recommend that blind tasting be introduced in the quality control of colas

　　如何提高閱讀能力：

　　1、擴大閱讀量 2、模仿長句、難句、復雜句

　　3、攻克單詞關

　　四級閱讀的做題方法：

　　1、在題干中找關鍵詞 2、分析原文，同時定位關鍵詞 3、做題時，要回到文章分析相關內容 4、結合排除法選擇答案

　　課程安排： 1、前6次課：9大考點;7種題型;兩種能力 2、快速閱讀;簡答題

　　教材使用： 1、真題的作用 2、模擬教材的誤導作用

　　資料類別英語四級新題型沖刺講義【】資料格式 (word格式) 資料來源資料下載：

　　更多信息請訪問：

　　考試易犯的五大錯誤

　　第二課時

　　練習

　　Oceanography has been defined as The application of all sciences to the study of the sea.

　　Before the nineteenth century, scientists with an interest in the sea were few and far between. Certainly Newton considered some theoretical aspects of it in his writings, but he was reluctant(不愿意)to go to sea to further his work.

　　For most people the sea was remote, and with the exception of early intercontinental travellers or others who earned a living from the sea, there was little reason to ask many questions about it, let alone to ask what lay beneath the surface. The first time that the question What is at the bottom of the oceans? had to be answered with any commercial consequence was when the laying of a telegraph cable from Europe to America was proposed. The engineers has to know the depth profile(起伏形狀)of the route to estimate the length of cable that had to be manufactured.

　　It was to Maury of the US Navy that the Atlantic Telegraph Company turned, in 1853, for information on this matter. In the 1840s, Maury had been responsible for encouraging voyages during which soundings(測深)were taken to investigate the depths of the North Atlantic and Pacific Oceans. Later, some of his findings aroused much popular interest in his book The Physical Geography of the Sea.

　　The cable was laid, but not until 1866 was the connection made permanent and reliable. At the early attempts, the cable failed and when it was taken out for repairs it was found to be covered in living growths, a fact which defied contemporary scientific opinion that there was no life in the deeper parts of the sea.

　　Within a few years oceanography was under way. In 1872 Thomson led a scientific expedition(考察), which lasted for four years and brought home thousands of samples from the sea. Their classification and analysis occupied scientists for years and led to a five-volume report, the last volume being published in 1895.

　　21. The passage implies that the telegraph cable was built mainly ________.

　　A) for oceanographic studies C) for business considerations

　　B) for military purposes D) for investigating the depths of the oceans

　　22. It was ________ that asked Maury for help in oceanographic studies.

　　A) the American Navy

　　B) some early intercontinental travellers

　　C) those who earned a living from the sea

　　D) the company which proposed to lay an undersea cable

　　23. The aim of voyages Maury encouraged in the 1840s was ________.

　　A) to make some sound experiments in the oceans

　　B) to collect samples of sea plants and animals

　　C) to estimate the length of cable that was to be made

　　D) to measure the depths of two oceans

　　24. Defied in the 5th paragraph probably means ________.

　　A) doubted B) challenged

　　C) gave proof to D) agreed to

　　25. This passage is mainly about ______.

　　A) the beginnings of oceanography

　　B) the laying of the first undersea cable

　　C) the investigation of ocean depths

　　D) the early intercontinental communications

　　Psychologists take opposing views of how external rewards, from warm praise to cold cash, affect motivation and creativity. Behaviorists, who study the relation between actions and their consequences, argue that rewards can improve performance at work and school. Cognitive(認知學派的)researchers, who study various aspects of mental life, maintain that rewards often destroy creativity by encouraging dependence on approval and gifts from others.