英語四級考試閱讀習(xí)題及答案解析
Reading is thought to be a kind of conversation between the reader and the text. The reader puts questions, as it were, to the text and gets answers. In the light of these he puts __1__ questions, and so on.
For most of the time this conversation goes on below the level of consciousness. At times, however, we become __2__ of it. This is usually when we are running into difficulties, when mismatch is occurring between __3__ and meaning. When successful matching is being experienced, our question of the text continues at the unconscious level.
Different people __4__ with the text differently. Some stay very close to the words on the page, others take off imaginatively from the words, interpreting, criticizing, analyzing and examining. The former represents a kind of comprehension which is __5__ in the text. The latter represents __6__ levels of comprehension. The balance between these is important, especially for advanced readers.
There is another conversation which from our point of view is __7__ important, and that is to do not with what is read but with how it is read. We call this a process conversation as __8__ to a content conversation. It is concerned not with meaning but with the __9__ we employ in reading. If we are an advanced reader our ability to hold a process conversation with a text is usually pretty well __10__. Not so our ability to hold a content conversation.
A)opposed B)converse C)equally D)written
E)developed F)strategies G)compared H)awake
I)higher J)expectations K)deal L)absolutely
M)aware N)better O)further
參考答案及解析:
1. 選 O )。 很明顯此處應(yīng)填形容詞。可選項有 higher 和 further ，原文為根據(jù)答案反復(fù)提出。。。問題，但 higher 一般強(qiáng)調(diào)的是層次上的高低，因此不能用來修飾 question ，故只有 further 更進(jìn)一步的符合題意。
2. 選 M )。 此處應(yīng)填形容詞且能與 of 構(gòu)成固定搭配。可選項有 awake 和 aware ，由前一句中 below the level of consciousness 和此句中 however 轉(zhuǎn)折可以推出，此處應(yīng)填與 consciousness 意思相近的形容詞，故排除 awake 警覺的，而選 aware 。
3. 選 J )。 由空格后的 and meaning 可知，此處應(yīng)填名詞，與 meaning 構(gòu)成并列結(jié)構(gòu)。原文為我們會意識到溝通的存在，通常是在我們遇到難題或 與文章意思不符的時候，故只有 expectations 所猜測的意思符合題意。
4. 選 B )。 很明顯此處應(yīng)填動詞且能與 with 搭配。可選項有 converse 和 deal ，從句意來理解，不同的人 文章不同，但由于文章主要說明的是讀者與文章之間的溝通方式，故排除 deal 處理而選 converse 談話。
5. 選 D )。 因關(guān)系代詞 which 指代的是 comprehension ，可知此處應(yīng)填動詞的被動形式。但由 The former 和 the words on he page 可推出前一種人是從文中的字詞去理解文章，而字詞只能是被寫在文中，因此只有 written 符合題意。
6. 選 I )。 此處應(yīng)填形容詞。由 The former 和 The latter 可知，此處是將兩種人的對話方式進(jìn)行比較，故可選項有 higher 和 better ，但由前面提到的后一種人對文章所做的 interpreting ， criticizing ， analyzing and examining 可知，這些都屬于對文章更高層次的理解，因此選 higher 。
7. 選 C )。 顯然此處應(yīng)填副詞。可選項有 equally 和 absolutely ，但由 another 可推出，文章是在分別說明兩種對話方式，而沒有突出哪個更重要，故排除 absolutely 而選 equally 。
8. 選 A ) 。此處是將 process conversation 與 content conversation 形成對比，故可選項有 opposed 和 compared ，但 as opposed to 是固定搭配，因此排除 compared 。
9. 選 F )。 從句子結(jié)構(gòu)來看，此處缺的是 employ 的賓語，再從選項中看，能與 employ 形成動賓搭配且符合題意的只有 strategies ，故選 strategies 。
10. 選 E )。 此處應(yīng)填動詞的被動形式。選項中有 developed 提高，加強(qiáng)和 compared 比較能與 ability 構(gòu)成動賓搭配，但從句意理解，通常高級讀者與文章進(jìn)行程序?qū)υ挼哪芰? ，故只有 developed 符合題意。
Reading is thought to be a kind of conversation between the reader and the text. The reader puts questions, as it were, to the text and gets answers. In the light of these he puts __1__ questions, and so on.
For most of the time this conversation goes on below the level of consciousness. At times, however, we become __2__ of it. This is usually when we are running into difficulties, when mismatch is occurring between __3__ and meaning. When successful matching is being experienced, our question of the text continues at the unconscious level.
Different people __4__ with the text differently. Some stay very close to the words on the page, others take off imaginatively from the words, interpreting, criticizing, analyzing and examining. The former represents a kind of comprehension which is __5__ in the text. The latter represents __6__ levels of comprehension. The balance between these is important, especially for advanced readers.
There is another conversation which from our point of view is __7__ important, and that is to do not with what is read but with how it is read. We call this a process conversation as __8__ to a content conversation. It is concerned not with meaning but with the __9__ we employ in reading. If we are an advanced reader our ability to hold a process conversation with a text is usually pretty well __10__. Not so our ability to hold a content conversation.
A)opposed B)converse C)equally D)written
E)developed F)strategies G)compared H)awake
I)higher J)expectations K)deal L)absolutely
M)aware N)better O)further
參考答案及解析:
1. 選 O )。 很明顯此處應(yīng)填形容詞。可選項有 higher 和 further ，原文為根據(jù)答案反復(fù)提出。。。問題，但 higher 一般強(qiáng)調(diào)的是層次上的高低，因此不能用來修飾 question ，故只有 further 更進(jìn)一步的符合題意。
2. 選 M )。 此處應(yīng)填形容詞且能與 of 構(gòu)成固定搭配。可選項有 awake 和 aware ，由前一句中 below the level of consciousness 和此句中 however 轉(zhuǎn)折可以推出，此處應(yīng)填與 consciousness 意思相近的形容詞，故排除 awake 警覺的，而選 aware 。
3. 選 J )。 由空格后的 and meaning 可知，此處應(yīng)填名詞，與 meaning 構(gòu)成并列結(jié)構(gòu)。原文為我們會意識到溝通的存在，通常是在我們遇到難題或 與文章意思不符的時候，故只有 expectations 所猜測的意思符合題意。
4. 選 B )。 很明顯此處應(yīng)填動詞且能與 with 搭配。可選項有 converse 和 deal ，從句意來理解，不同的人 文章不同，但由于文章主要說明的是讀者與文章之間的溝通方式，故排除 deal 處理而選 converse 談話。
5. 選 D )。 因關(guān)系代詞 which 指代的是 comprehension ，可知此處應(yīng)填動詞的被動形式。但由 The former 和 the words on he page 可推出前一種人是從文中的字詞去理解文章，而字詞只能是被寫在文中，因此只有 written 符合題意。
6. 選 I )。 此處應(yīng)填形容詞。由 The former 和 The latter 可知，此處是將兩種人的對話方式進(jìn)行比較，故可選項有 higher 和 better ，但由前面提到的后一種人對文章所做的 interpreting ， criticizing ， analyzing and examining 可知，這些都屬于對文章更高層次的理解，因此選 higher 。
7. 選 C )。 顯然此處應(yīng)填副詞。可選項有 equally 和 absolutely ，但由 another 可推出，文章是在分別說明兩種對話方式，而沒有突出哪個更重要，故排除 absolutely 而選 equally 。
8. 選 A ) 。此處是將 process conversation 與 content conversation 形成對比，故可選項有 opposed 和 compared ，但 as opposed to 是固定搭配，因此排除 compared 。
9. 選 F )。 從句子結(jié)構(gòu)來看，此處缺的是 employ 的賓語，再從選項中看，能與 employ 形成動賓搭配且符合題意的只有 strategies ，故選 strategies 。
10. 選 E )。 此處應(yīng)填動詞的被動形式。選項中有 developed 提高，加強(qiáng)和 compared 比較能與 ability 構(gòu)成動賓搭配，但從句意理解，通常高級讀者與文章進(jìn)行程序?qū)υ挼哪芰? ，故只有 developed 符合題意。
