主題思想是作者在文章中要表達(dá)的中心內(nèi)容。把握了主題思想也有助于對(duì)文章細(xì)節(jié)的理解。因此，這是一項(xiàng)非常重要的技能。在學(xué)習(xí)抓主題思想的過(guò)程中, 我們著重注意以下幾個(gè)問(wèn)題。

　　1. 我們要學(xué)習(xí)識(shí)別文章中最基本, 最具有概括力的信息。這種信息應(yīng)能歸納和概括文中其它信息所具有的共性。

　　例1：Choose the most general word.

　　A) chemist

　　B) physicist

　　C) scientist

　　D) biologist

　　該問(wèn)題要求找出最有概括力的詞。C scientist 符合題意, 因?yàn)樗?chemist, physicist和biologist, 而A, B和D 都指某一具體學(xué)科的科學(xué)家, 不能概括其他詞。因此, scientist 最具有概括性。

　　例2：Choose the most general sentence.

　　A) The hotel offers complimentary coffee from 7 to 10 a.m. daily.

　　B) There are many reasons why guests feel at home at the Glorietta Bay Inn.

　　C) The coin-operated laundry room has an ironing board.

　　D) There are a number of extra services at the Glorietta Bay Inn including baby-sitting.

　　A, C, D都是從不同的側(cè)面說(shuō)明旅館的服務(wù)情況, 相互間并無(wú)聯(lián)系。而B(niǎo)卻概括了A, C, D共性的東西, 即：為什么旅客在這家旅館里有賓至如歸的感覺(jué)。因此, B符合題意。倘若在一段文章里包含了以上A, B, C, D 幾條信息, 那么 B 就是本段的中心思想。同樣, 如果在一段文章中, 作者分幾段來(lái)敘述幾方面的內(nèi)容, 那這些段落所要說(shuō)明的問(wèn)題就是本文的中心思想。

　　要學(xué)會(huì)借助文章的結(jié)構(gòu)來(lái)把握中心思想。段落中心思想常常由主題句來(lái)表達(dá)。主題句常常出現(xiàn)在段首或段尾處, 有時(shí)也在段落中間。同樣, 一篇文章的中心思想也常常在開(kāi)始段或結(jié)尾段點(diǎn)出。因此, 在閱讀中, 我們要對(duì)文章的開(kāi)始段和結(jié)尾段及段落的主題句給予特別的注意。

　　例1：English is clearly an international language. It is spoken by pilots and airport control operators on all the airways of the world. Over 70 percent of the worlds radio programs are in English.

　　本段主題句為首句, 其后的內(nèi)容均說(shuō)明首句。

　　例2：Let us consider how voice training may contribute to personality development and an improved social adjustment. In the first place, it has been fairly well established that individuals tend to become what they believe other people think them to be. When people react more favorably toward us because our voices convey the impression that we are friendly, competent, and interesting, there is a strong tendency for us to develop those qualities in our personality. If we are treated with respect by others, we soon come to have more respect for ourselves. Then, too, ones own consciousness of having a pleasant, effective voice of which he does not need to be ashamed contributes materially to a feeling of poise(泰然自若), self-confidence, and a just pride in himself. A good voice, like good clothes can do much for an ego(自我) that otherwise might be inclined to droop(萎靡).

　　The title that best expresses the ideas of this passage is ________.

　　A) Our Ego

　　B) The Reflection of Our Personality

　　C) How to Acquire a Pleasant Voice

　　D) Voice Training in Personality Development

　　作者一開(kāi)始就說(shuō)明發(fā)聲訓(xùn)練對(duì)個(gè)性發(fā)展和人的社會(huì)化可能產(chǎn)生的作用。接著, 分別

　　由in the first place 及then 引出兩個(gè)具體的方面展開(kāi)討論。第一個(gè)要點(diǎn)下又分別由when 和if 引出兩個(gè)細(xì)節(jié)加以論證。結(jié)尾一句總括全段, 與首句呼應(yīng)。不難看出, 主題句是第一句, 正確答案應(yīng)選D。

　　主題思想是作者在文章中要表達(dá)的中心內(nèi)容。把握了主題思想也有助于對(duì)文章細(xì)節(jié)的理解。因此，這是一項(xiàng)非常重要的技能。在學(xué)習(xí)抓主題思想的過(guò)程中, 我們著重注意以下幾個(gè)問(wèn)題。

　　1. 我們要學(xué)習(xí)識(shí)別文章中最基本, 最具有概括力的信息。這種信息應(yīng)能歸納和概括文中其它信息所具有的共性。

　　例1：Choose the most general word.

　　A) chemist

　　B) physicist

　　C) scientist

　　D) biologist

　　該問(wèn)題要求找出最有概括力的詞。C scientist 符合題意, 因?yàn)樗?chemist, physicist和biologist, 而A, B和D 都指某一具體學(xué)科的科學(xué)家, 不能概括其他詞。因此, scientist 最具有概括性。

　　例2：Choose the most general sentence.

　　A) The hotel offers complimentary coffee from 7 to 10 a.m. daily.

　　B) There are many reasons why guests feel at home at the Glorietta Bay Inn.

　　C) The coin-operated laundry room has an ironing board.

　　D) There are a number of extra services at the Glorietta Bay Inn including baby-sitting.

　　A, C, D都是從不同的側(cè)面說(shuō)明旅館的服務(wù)情況, 相互間并無(wú)聯(lián)系。而B(niǎo)卻概括了A, C, D共性的東西, 即：為什么旅客在這家旅館里有賓至如歸的感覺(jué)。因此, B符合題意。倘若在一段文章里包含了以上A, B, C, D 幾條信息, 那么 B 就是本段的中心思想。同樣, 如果在一段文章中, 作者分幾段來(lái)敘述幾方面的內(nèi)容, 那這些段落所要說(shuō)明的問(wèn)題就是本文的中心思想。

　　要學(xué)會(huì)借助文章的結(jié)構(gòu)來(lái)把握中心思想。段落中心思想常常由主題句來(lái)表達(dá)。主題句常常出現(xiàn)在段首或段尾處, 有時(shí)也在段落中間。同樣, 一篇文章的中心思想也常常在開(kāi)始段或結(jié)尾段點(diǎn)出。因此, 在閱讀中, 我們要對(duì)文章的開(kāi)始段和結(jié)尾段及段落的主題句給予特別的注意。

　　例1：English is clearly an international language. It is spoken by pilots and airport control operators on all the airways of the world. Over 70 percent of the worlds radio programs are in English.

　　本段主題句為首句, 其后的內(nèi)容均說(shuō)明首句。

　　例2：Let us consider how voice training may contribute to personality development and an improved social adjustment. In the first place, it has been fairly well established that individuals tend to become what they believe other people think them to be. When people react more favorably toward us because our voices convey the impression that we are friendly, competent, and interesting, there is a strong tendency for us to develop those qualities in our personality. If we are treated with respect by others, we soon come to have more respect for ourselves. Then, too, ones own consciousness of having a pleasant, effective voice of which he does not need to be ashamed contributes materially to a feeling of poise(泰然自若), self-confidence, and a just pride in himself. A good voice, like good clothes can do much for an ego(自我) that otherwise might be inclined to droop(萎靡).

　　The title that best expresses the ideas of this passage is ________.

　　A) Our Ego

　　B) The Reflection of Our Personality

　　C) How to Acquire a Pleasant Voice

　　D) Voice Training in Personality Development

　　作者一開(kāi)始就說(shuō)明發(fā)聲訓(xùn)練對(duì)個(gè)性發(fā)展和人的社會(huì)化可能產(chǎn)生的作用。接著, 分別

　　由in the first place 及then 引出兩個(gè)具體的方面展開(kāi)討論。第一個(gè)要點(diǎn)下又分別由when 和if 引出兩個(gè)細(xì)節(jié)加以論證。結(jié)尾一句總括全段, 與首句呼應(yīng)。不難看出, 主題句是第一句, 正確答案應(yīng)選D。