福建省2024高考英語（新人教版）一輪復(fù)習(xí)作業(yè)手冊（20）附詳細(xì)解析

　　課時作業(yè)(二十)　[必修4　Unit 5 Theme parks](限時：45分鐘)Ⅰ.單項填空

　　1．(山東省實驗中學(xué)診斷)What was considered impolite years ago has become __________ now.

　　A．a(chǎn)ccessibleB．a(chǎn)djustable

　　C．unbelievable

　　D．a(chǎn)cceptable

　　解析：選D。考查形容詞辨析。accessible意為“易接近的，可理解的”；adjustable意為“可調(diào)整的”；unbelievable意為“難以相信的”；acceptable意為“可接受的”。句意：多年前被認(rèn)為不禮貌的事情現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)開始逐漸被接受了。根據(jù)句意可知，應(yīng)選D項。

　　2．(2024·山東省實驗中學(xué)一模)I’m afraid I’m not __________ to help with the show，for I am fully occupied with my own project.

　　A．a(chǎn)cceptable

　　B．a(chǎn)daptableC．a(chǎn)vailable

　　D．a(chǎn)ccessible

　　解析：選C。考查形容詞。acceptable值得接受的，可接受的；adaptable可適應(yīng)的，有適應(yīng)能力的；available有空的，空閑的，有時間的；accessible容易取得的，可接近的。句意：恐怕我不能在這次展覽上幫忙了，因為我正忙于自己的項目。故選C項。

　　3．(2024·濟(jì)南模擬)I keep on walking after supper because I can’t think of a __________ way to keep fit.

　　A．better

　　B．best

　　C．worse

　　D．worst

　　解析：選A。考查形容詞比較級。句意：我堅持晚飯后散步，因為我想不到比這更好的保持健康的方法了。根據(jù)語境可知，A項正確。

　　4．(2024·淄博模擬)The government should develop________ system to predict when wildfires occur and give warnings in time.

　　A．previous

　　B．reliable

　　C．reasonable

　　D．responsible

　　解析：選B。考查形容詞詞義辨析。previous意為“以前的；早先的”；reliable意為“可靠的”；reasonable意為“合理的”；responsible意為“負(fù)責(zé)的”。句意：政府應(yīng)開發(fā)出可靠的預(yù)測系統(tǒng)，以便火災(zāi)發(fā)生時能及時發(fā)出警報。故B項正確。

　　5．(2024·臨沂質(zhì)量檢測)—Jenny is always __________ for appointments.Why is she late today?

　　—She might have got trapped in a traffic jam in the rush hour.

　　A．patient

　　B．grateful

　　C．punctual

　　D．a(chǎn)vailable

　　解析：選C。考查形容詞詞義辨析。patient意為“有耐心的”；grateful意為“感激的”；punctual意為“準(zhǔn)時的”；available 意為“有效的，可利用的”。句意：——Jenny約會總是很準(zhǔn)時，今天她怎么遲到了？——她可能碰到上下班高峰期的交通堵塞了。根據(jù)語境可知。此處用punctual。即C項正確。

　　6．(2024·遼寧期中測試題)The little girl couldn’t work the problem out.She wasn’t________clever.

　　A．that

　　B．much

　　C．enough

　　D．rather

　　解析：選A。句意：那個小女孩解不出這道題。她沒那么聰明。that作副詞時，相當(dāng)于so；much常修飾形容詞或副詞的比較級以及動詞；enough用在形容詞或副詞后；rather相當(dāng)。7．(2024·鹽城第二次調(diào)研)—Who do you have in mind for the position?

　　—I think Peter is the most________person for it.

　　A．generous

　　B．likely

　　C．optimistic

　　D．voluntary

　　解析：選B。考查形容詞辨析。句意：——你覺得誰適合那個職位？——我認(rèn)為彼得最合適。likely“合適的，恰當(dāng)?shù)摹保险Z意。generous“慷慨的，大方的”；optimistic“樂觀的”；voluntary“自愿的，義務(wù)的”。

　　8．(2024·太原市部分重點中學(xué)檢測)It is reported that a new planet has been discovered recently.It’s ________ Earth，and hopefully it can support human life.

　　A．a(chǎn)lmost three times the size of

　　B．three times the size than

　　C．three times almost as large than

　　D．a(chǎn)lmost three times as larger as

　　解析：選A。考查倍數(shù)表達(dá)法。倍數(shù)表達(dá)法要注意三種結(jié)構(gòu)：A is＋倍數(shù)＋the size/height/weight/...of＋B；A is＋倍數(shù)＋bigger/larger/...than＋B；A is＋倍數(shù)＋as big/large/...as＋B。故A項的表達(dá)正確。

　　9．(2024·山西太原模擬)Look！How much________ Alice looks wearing her new show dress!

　　A．well

　　B．good

　　C．better

　　D．best

　　解析：選C。考查形容詞的比較級。much后面不能接形容詞的原級和最高級，而應(yīng)該用形容詞的比較級，結(jié)合語意選C項。

　　10．(2024·濰坊5月份訓(xùn)練)The new discovery challenged the __________ theory about life’s origins.

　　A．conventional

　　B．particular

　　C．contrary

　　D．casual

　　解析：選A。考查形容詞辨析。句意：這個新發(fā)現(xiàn)向生命起源的傳統(tǒng)理論提出了挑戰(zhàn)。conventional意為“習(xí)慣的；傳統(tǒng)的”，符合題意。particular意為“特別的”；contrary意為“相反的；不利的”；casual意為“隨意的”。

　　Ⅰ.單項填空，I think this is probably his________well-known

　　C．best-known

　　D．most-known

　　2．To their ________，their team won the match unexpectedly.Less than twenty percent of the employees in their company are women.That is to say，women are in the________hy you shouldn't tell them________that you are leaving.

　　A．in order

　　B．in secret

　　C．in conflict

　　D．in advance

　　5．John worked hard at his lessons and gained________to a famous university last year.

　　A．permission

　　B．a(chǎn)dmission

　　C．a(chǎn)greement

　　D．freedom

　　6．Niagara Fall is a great tourist________，drawing millions of visitors every year.attraction

　　C．a(chǎn)ppointment

　　D．a(chǎn)rrangement

　　7．I would prefer to ________ my judgment until I find all the evidence.

　　A．show

　　B．express

　　C．preserve

　　D．reserve

　　8．While our city tries impatiently to change its appearance by tearing down old buildings, more and more citizens are suggesting ways to ________ the historically important architecture.

　　A．decorate

　　B．develop

　　C．preserve

　　D．a(chǎn)dvocate________the activity________public awareness of world hunger，but raised a lot of money for the poor children.has increased

　　B．is; increasedhas; increased

　　D．/; increased，because every person's fingerprints are ________unique

　　11．You shouldn't stay at your office all day；________th

　　12．—Where shall we have dinner?

　　—At ________ restaurant has a free table.

　　A．whichever

　　B．wherever

　　C．which

　　D．what

　　13．________by the beauty of nature，the girl from London decided to spend another two days on the farm.new facts about the ancient pyramids in Egypt have recently ________．

　　A．brought to light

　　B．made known

　　C．come to an end

　　D．come to light

　　15．—John is said to have learned Italian in Italy for five years.

　　—________ he speaks it like a native speaker.

　　A．No doubt

　　B．No problem

　　C．No wonder

　　D．No reason

　　Ⅱ.閱讀理解[2024·福建卷] others that a wealthy person simply wants to distribute his or her fortune before dying. But the donator who started sending envelopes with cash to deserving causes, accompanied by an article from the local paper, has made a northern German city believe in fairytales(童話)．

　　The first envelope was sent to a victim support group. It contained 10，000 with a cutting from the up supported a woman who was robbed of her handbag; similar plain white anonymous(匿名) envelopes, each containing 10，000, then arrived at a kindergarten and a church.and so far at least 190，000 has been distributed. Last month, one of them was sent to the newspaper's own office. It came after a story it published about Tom, a 14-year-old boy who was severely disabled in a swimming accident. The receptionist at the anonymous white envelope to find 20 notes of 500 inside, with a copy of the article.The name of the family was underlined.

　　“I was driving when I heard the news，”Claudia Neumann, the boy's mother, told e side of the road; I was speechless.”

　　The money will be used to make the entrance to their house wheelchair-accessible and for a course of treatment that their insurance company refused to pay for.

　　“For someone to act so selflessly, for this to happen in such a society in which everyone thinks of himself, was astonishing，” Mrs Neumann said. Her family wonder whether the donator is a Robin Hood character, taking from banks to give to the needy.the editor of the Braunschweiger Zeitung, said：“Maybe it is an old person who is about to die. We just do not know.”However, he has told his reporters not to look for the city's hero, for fear that discovery may stop the donations.________．190，000.ion was sent directly to his house.

　　C．The money will be used for his education.

　　D．His mother felt astonished at the donation.

　　18．It can be inferred from the passage that ________． old man

　　B．the donation will continue to come

　　C．the donation comes from the newspaper

　　D．the donator will soon be found out

　　19．What would be the best title for the passage?

　　A．Money Is Raised by the Newspaper

　　B．Newspaper Distributes Money to the Needy

　　C．Unknown Hero Spreads Love in Envelopes

　　D．Robin Hood Returns to the City

　　B

　　Uh-oh, the new year's just begun and already you're finding it hard to keep those resolutions to junk the junk food，get off the couch or kick smoking. There's a biological reason why a lot of our bad habits are so hard to break—they get deep-rooted in our brains.

　　That's not an excuse to give up. Understanding how unhealthy behaviors become deep-rooted has scientists learning some tricks that may help good habits replace the bad.“Why are bad habits stronger? You're fighting against the power of an immediate reward. We all as creatures give greater value to an immediate reward than something that's delayed，” says Dr Nora Volkow, director of the National Institute on Drug Abuse.

　　Just how that bit of happiness turns into a habit involves a pleasure-sensing chemical named dopamine(多巴胺). It trains the brain to want that reward again and again—increasing the connection each time—especially when it gets the right cue(暗示) from your environment.thus destroying attempts to get rid of bad habits. Even scientists who recognize it find it hard to resist.“I don't like popcorn. But every time I go to the cinema, I have to eat it，” Volkow says.“It's fascinating.”as some companies offer employees immediate payments for adopting better habits. However paying for behavior turns out, researchers say there are some steps that may help counter your brain's hold on bad habits: repeat，repeat，repeat the new behavior—the same routine at the same time of day. Determined to exercise？Doing it at the same time of the morning makes the brain recognize the habit eventually. If you don't do it, you feel awful. Exercise itself raises dopamine levels, so eventually your brain will get a feel-good hit even if your muscles protest. Reward yourself with something you really desire, Volkow stresses. You exercised all week? Stuck to your diet? Buy a book, a great pair of jeans, or try a fancy restaurant.

　　20．What's the subjective reason for being hard to break bad behaviors?

　　A．Some behaviors get deep-rooted in our brains.

　　B．We prefer an immediate reward.

　　C．We value delayed gifts.

　　D．We are all creatures of nature.

　　21．What does the underlined word “connection” in Paragraph 3 refer to?

　　A．Pleasure and behavior.

　　　B．Brain and reward.　D．Cue and environment.s，________at popcorn even though he doesn't like it?

　　A．Because he recognizes the importance of him.

　　B．Because it is needed for normal growth of the body.

　　C．Because he can't resist the temptation of it.

　　D．Because it makes him relaxed to eat popcorn while seeing films.

　　Ⅲ.書面表達(dá)一個英國中學(xué)生代表團(tuán)將到你校參觀和交流， 假設(shè)你有幸參加與他們的座談會，請根據(jù)以下圖示，寫一篇120詞左右的發(fā)言稿，請你談?wù)剬W(xué)校開展小組合作學(xué)習(xí)和自主學(xué)習(xí)的體會。

　　注意：1.根據(jù)圖片的內(nèi)容適當(dāng)展開，以使行文連貫；開頭已給出，不計入總詞數(shù)；文中不能出現(xiàn)考生的具體信息。 It's my pleasure to briefly introduce my school life regarding two aspects, independent learning and cooperative learning.

　　________________________________________________________________________

　　________________________________________________________________________

　　________________________________________________________________________

　　參考答案

　　課時作業(yè)(二十)　句意：談到他所創(chuàng)作的所有歌曲，這很可能是他最著名的一首了。根據(jù)句意，此題應(yīng)選用最高級形式。　考查固定結(jié)構(gòu)。to one's amusement/surprise/disappointment…“令人高興的是/吃驚的是/失望的是……”。句意：讓他們高興的是，他們的隊意外地贏得了比賽。　考查短語搭配。in the minority占少數(shù)；少數(shù)派；in the majority占多數(shù)；多數(shù)派。句意：在他們公司里，只有不到百分之二十的員工是女性，也就是說，女性占少數(shù)。　考查介詞in order that目的是；in secret秘密地；私下地；in conflict with和……有沖突；in advance提前；事先。由句意“你沒有什么理由不提前告訴他們你要走了”可知應(yīng)選D項。　admission意為“準(zhǔn)許進(jìn)入”，admission to a university指“被大學(xué)錄取”。permission許可；agreement同意；freedom自由，特權(quán)。　考查名詞詞義辨析。attention注意(力)；attraction吸引力；吸引游客的地方；appointment約會；任命；arrangement安排。句意：尼亞加拉大瀑布是一個著名的風(fēng)景名勝，每年吸引幾百萬的游客。　句意：我將對此事暫不表態(tài)，直到我找到所有的證據(jù)。reserve是指為“留作后用”的保留、預(yù)訂，可指保留座位、權(quán)利、意見等等； preserve則不光是指“保留”，還強調(diào)保留下來“收藏”，使東西完好無損，側(cè)重“為了不至于滅絕、損壞”而進(jìn)行的保護(hù)。　考查動詞辨析。preserve 保護(hù)。句意：盡管我市通過拆毀舊樓房迫不及待地改變它的面貌，但是越來越多的市民建議保護(hù)歷史上的重要建筑。decorate 裝飾；develop 開發(fā)； advocate 提倡。　當(dāng)not only置于句首時，前一個分句要倒裝，后一個分句不倒裝。句意：這項活動不但提高了公眾的世界饑荒意識，而且也為貧窮孩子籌集了很多錢。　句意：警察借助機器能輕易識別你的指紋，因unique)。outstanding突出的，杰出的；regular有規(guī)律的；ordinary普通的。　句意：你不應(yīng)該整天待在辦公室里，接觸下大自然對你的健康有益。get close to接近；get away from逃開，躲開；get along with與……相處，進(jìn)展；get together with與……歡聚。根據(jù)題意選A項。　答句句意：哪個飯店有空桌我們就在哪里吃飯。whichever引導(dǎo)的從句作介詞at的賓語，whichever在句中作定語修飾restaurant。　考查非謂語動詞。因為是被吸引，所以排除A；C表示目的，所以應(yīng)排除；D表示狀態(tài)也不正確。　考查動詞短語辨析。come to light在這里是“顯露，為人所知”。 B有一定干擾性，可以說been made known。句意：有了最先進(jìn)設(shè)備的幫助，最近關(guān)于埃及古代金字塔的新事實顯露出來了。　考查交際用語。no wonder難怪。no doubt 無疑；no reason 毫無理由；no problem 沒問題。A

　　本文是一篇記敘文。介紹了城市英雄以匿名信的形式在經(jīng)濟(jì)上幫助需要幫助的人。　推理判斷題。從第一段“But the donator who started sending envelopes with cash to deserving causes, accompanied by an article from the local paper”和第二段“with a cutting from the g”可推出是當(dāng)?shù)匾患覉蠹垺！〖?xì)節(jié)理解題。從倒數(shù)第二段Tom的媽媽所說的話可知答案。　推理判斷題。從最后一段“…h(huán)e has told his reporters not to look for the city's hero, for fear that discovery may stop the donations.”可知捐贈還會繼續(xù)。　主旨大意題。本文介紹了城市英雄以匿名信的形式在經(jīng)濟(jì)上幫助需要幫助的人。這是一篇科普文。人們在新年到來時常常會下定某些決心，然而卻發(fā)現(xiàn)很難堅持下去。科學(xué)家研究出了一些“技巧”，可以讓好習(xí)慣取代壞習(xí)慣。　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。此題應(yīng)特別注意題干中the subjective reason(主觀原因)。根據(jù)短文第二段中的“We all as creatures give greater value to an immediate reward than something that's delayed”可知，難以改掉壞習(xí)慣在主觀上的原因是人們更看重即時的好處。A項有很大的干擾，文章第一段中提到：這些壞習(xí)慣根植于我們的大腦中，這是很難改掉壞習(xí)慣在生物學(xué)上的原因(客觀原因)。　詞義猜測題。根據(jù)語境：在快樂的感覺轉(zhuǎn)化為一種習(xí)慣connection指的是“快樂感與行為之間的聯(lián)系”。　推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段內(nèi)容可知，多巴胺是一種感知快樂的化學(xué)物質(zhì)，它使大腦不斷期望得到某種犒賞。最后一段中的“Exercise itself raises dopamine levels”能進(jìn)一步證明，多巴胺的水平越高，人們就越想得到某種犒賞。　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段內(nèi)容可知，人們往往高估自己抵制身邊誘惑的能力，這使他們?yōu)閿[脫壞習(xí)慣而作出的努力毀于一旦。Volkow就是因為抵抗不了這種誘惑才吃爆米花的。.One possible version： It's my pleasure to briefly introduce my school life regarding two aspects, independent learning and cooperative learning.