《閱讀理解特訓：3真2模含解析》2024屆高三英語二輪突破14

　　C7 [2024·陜西卷]

　　C

　　According to sociologists(社會學家), every modern industrial society has some form of social stratification(階層)．Class, power and status are important in deciding people's rank in society.

　　Class means a person's economic position in society.A commonly used classification is lower class, middle class and upper class.While sociologists disagree on how these terms should be exactly defined, they do describe societies like the United States quite well.One study shows that 53% of Americans belong to the lower class, 46% the middle class, and 1% the upper class.Interestingly, a surgeon earning $ 500，000 a year and a bus driver earning $ 50，000 a year both regard themselves as the middle class!

　　Power refers to the amount of control a person has over other people.Obviously, people in positions of great power(such as governors) exercise(行使) big power, but people who take orders from others have less power.Power and class do not always go hand in hand, however.For example, the governor of a state has great power, but he or she may not belong to a corresponding(相應的) economic class.Generally, however, there is a relationship between power and class. To our knowledge, there aren't too many people who aren't millionaires in the U．S.Senate!

　　Status is the honor or respect attached to a person's position in society.It can also be affected by power and class, but not necessarily so.For example, a university professor may have a high status but not belong to a high social class or have a lot of power over others.

　　54．What can we learn about “the middle class” from Paragraph 2?

　　A．People earning $50，000 a year belong to the middle class.

　　B．Nearly half Americans belong to the middle class.

　　C．People generally consider bus drivers as the middle class.

　　D．Sociologists have a clear definition of the middle class.

　　55．According to the text, we know that

　　________．

　　A．power and class do not always correspond with each other

　　B．status refers to a person's economic position in society

　　C．people with high status have a lot of control over others

　　D．class is less important in deciding a person's social rank

　　56．Which of the following shows the structure of the whole text?

　　　A．

　　　B.

　　　C．

　　　D.

　　【要點綜述】 本文說明了一個社會現象：每個現代工業社會都有其社會階層。階級﹑權力和社會地位是判斷一個人的社會階層的重要標準。

　　54．B　推理判斷題。由第二段倒數第二句中的“…46% the middle class”一句可知在美國，有差不多一半的人屬于中產階級，選B。

　　55．A　細節理解題。由第三段中的“Power and class do not always go hand in hand, however.”可知，權力和階級并不總是保持一致。選A。

　　56．A　篇章結構題。本文第一段是主題段，“Class, power and status are important in deciding people's rank in society.”是本文的主題句，后三段分別從這三個方面來論述，故本篇文章是總分的結構。選A。

　　C7 [2024·四川卷]

　　D

　　Home to me means a sense of familiarity and nostalgia(懷舊)．It's fun to come home. It looks the same. It smells the same. You'll realize what's changed is you. Home is where we can remember pain，love，and some other experiences：We parted here; My parents met here; I won three championships here.

　　If I close my eyes, I can still have a clear picture in mind of my first home. I walk in the door and see a brown sofa surrounding a low glass－top wooden table. To the right of the living room is my first bedroom. It's empty，but it's where my earliest memories are.

　　There is the dining room table where I celebrated birthdays, and where I cried on Halloween—when I didn't want to wear the skirt my mother made for me.I always liked standing on that table because it made me feel tall and strong. If I sit at this table, I can see my favorite room in the house，my parents' room. It is simple: a brown wooden dresser lines the right side of the wall next to a television and a couple of photos of my grandparents on each side. Their bed is my safe zone. I can jump on it anytime—waking up my parents if I am scared or if I have an important announcement that cannot wait until the morning.

　　I'm lucky because I know my first home still exists. It exists in my mind and heart, on a physical property(住宅)on West 64th street on the western edge of Los Angeles. It is proof I lived, I grew, and I learned.

　　Sometimes when I feel lost，I lie down and shut my eyes, and I go home. I know it's where I'll find my

　　family，my dogs, and my belongings.I purposely leave the window open at night because I know I'll be blamed by Mom. But I don't mind, because I want to hear her say my name，which reminds me I'm home.

　　43．Why does the author call her parents' bed her “safe zone”(Paragraph 3)?

　　A．It is her favorite place to play.

　　B. Her needs can be satisfied there.

　　C. Her grandparents' photos are lined on each side.

　　D. Her parents always play together with her there.

　　44．What can be learned from the passage?

　　A. The old furniture is still in the author's first bedroom.

　　B. The author can still visit her first physical home in Los Angeles.

　　C. The author's favorite room in her first home is the dining room.

　　D. Many people of the author's age can still find their first physical homes.

　　45．Sometimes when she feels lost，the author will

　　________．

　　A. open the window at night

　　B. lie down in bed to have a dream

　　C. try to bring back a sense of home

　　D. go to Los Angeles to visit her mom

　　46．What is the author's purpose of writing this passage?

　　A. To express how much she is attached to her home.

　　B. To declare how much she loves her first house.

　　C. To describe the state of her family.

　　D. To look back on her childhood.

　　【要點綜述】 這是一篇記敘文。作者采用回憶的手法，描寫了對家的記憶和感懷。

　　43．B　推理判斷題。根據第三段“Their bed is my safe zone.I can jump on it anytime—waking up my parents if I am scared or if I have an important announcement that cannot wait until the morning.”可知，他們的床是作者的安全地帶，如果作者害怕的話，隨時可以跳上床——叫醒父母；如果作者有重要的事要宣告，不必等到早上(作者可以隨時叫醒父母)。故可以判斷選B。

　　44．B　推理判斷題。根據第四段“I'm lucky because I know my first home still exists.It exists in my mind and heart, on a physical property(住宅)on West 64th street on the western edge of Los Angeles.It is proof I lived, I grew, and I learned.”可知，作者很幸運，因為作者知道她的第一個家仍然存在，它存在于她的頭腦和心里。故可以判斷選B。

　　45．C　細節理解題。根據最后一段“Sometimes when I feel lost, I lie down and shut my eyes, and I go home.I know it's where I'll find my family, my dogs, and my belongings.”可知，有時，當作者感到失落，就躺下，閉上她的眼睛，回家。作者知道在那里她會找到她的家人、她的狗、她的財物及回家的感覺。故選C。

　　46．A　歸納概括題。文章通篇描繪對家的思念，落腳點在對家的無限牽掛上。故選A。

　　C7 [2024·天津卷]

　　C

　　Poet William Stafford once said that we are defined more by the detours(繞行路) in life than by the narrow road toward goals.I like this image.But it was quite by accident that I discovered the deep meaning of his words.

　　For years we made the long drive from our home in Seattle to my parents' home in Boise in nine hours.We traveled the way most people do: the fastest, shortest, easiest road, especially when I was alone with four noisy, restless kids who hate confinement(限制) and have strong opinions about everything.

　　Road trips felt risky，so I would drive fast, stopping only when I had to.We would stick to the freeways and arrive tired.

　　But then Banner, our lamb was born.He was rejected by his mama days before our planned trip to Boise.I had two choices: leave Banner with my husband, or take him with me.My husband made the decision for me.

　　That is how I found myself on the road with four kids, a baby lamb and nothing but my everlasting optimism to see me through.We took the country roads out of necessity.We had to stop every hour, let Banner shake out his legs and feed him.The kids chased him and one another.They'd get back in the car breathless and energized, smelling fresh from the cold air.

　　We explored side roads, catching grasshoppers in waist－high grass.Even if we simply looked out of the car windows at baby pigs following their mother, or fish leaping out of the water, it was better than the best ride down the freeway.Here was life.And new horizons(見識)．

　　We eventually arrived at my parents' doorstep astonishingly fresh and full of stories.

　　I grew brave with the trip back home and creative with my disciplining technique.On an empty section of road, everyone started quarreling.I stopped the car, ordered all kids out and told them to meet me up ahead.I parked my car half a mile away and read my book in sweet silence.

　　Some road trips are by necessity fast and straight.But that trip with Banner opened our eyes to a world available to anyone adventurous enough to wander around and made me realize that a detour may uncover the best part of journey—and the best part of yourself.

　　46．Why did the author use to take freeways to her parents' home?

　　A．It was less tiring.

　　B．It would be faster and safer.

　　C．Her kids would feel less confined.

　　D．She felt better with other drivers nearby.

　　47．The author stopped regularly on the country roads to

　　________．

　　A．relax in the fresh air

　　B．take a deep breath

　　C．take care of the lamb

　　D．let the kids play with Banner

　　48．What does the author discover from the trip according to Paragraph 6?

　　A．Freeways are where beauty hides.

　　B．Getting close to nature adds to the joy of life.

　　C．Enjoying the beauty of nature benefits one's health.

　　D．One should follow side roads to watch wild animals.

　　49．Why did the author ask the kids to get out of the car on their way back home?

　　A．To give herself some time to read.

　　B．To order some food for them.

　　C．To play a game with them.

　　D．To let them cool down.

　　50．What could be the best title for the passage?

　　A．Charm of the Detour

　　B．The Road to Bravery

　　C．Creativity out of Necessity

　　D．Road Trip and Country Life

　　【要點綜述】 本文是一篇記敘文。主要通過作者的經歷向讀者解釋了一個生活哲理：在實現目標的過程中通常我們要多繞一些路。在路上比我們直接到達目的地要收獲更多的東西。

　　46．B　細節理解題。根據第二段“We traveled the way most people do: the fastest, shortest, easiest road, especially when I was alone with four noisy…”可知作者在回父母家的路上，為了早點到達而選擇了高速，而一個女性單獨帶著四個孩子走高速也是為了安全。故選B。

　　47．C　細節理解題。根據第五段第三句“We had to stop every hour, let Banner shake out his legs and feed him.”可知，作者停下來是為了照顧小羊羔Banner。故選C。

　　48．B　推理判斷題。根據作者在第六段的描述可知，作者沿著鄉村小路走時，接近自然，既欣賞了美麗的景色，也為自己的旅程增加了快樂。故選B。

　　49．D　細節理解題。根據第八段“…everyone started quarreling…ordered all kids out and told them to meet me up ahead.”可知，孩子們在車上爭吵起來，作者命令他們下車，走著去前面找作者。這樣做的目的是讓孩子們冷靜下來。故選D。

　　50．A　主旨大意題。作者在第一段借著名詩人William Stafford的話來揭示本文的主題：the detour。再根據下文的描述，展示了作者在鄉村的路上獲得的快樂，由此可知本文的題目既要有detour又要有與joy相關的詞匯，選項A正好符合。

　　C7 [2024·天津卷]

　　D

　　When asked about happiness, we usually think of something extraordinary, an absolute delight, which seems to get rarer the older we get.

　　For kids, happiness has a magical quality.Their delight at winning a race or getting a new bike is unreserved(毫無掩飾的)．

　　In the teenage years the concept of happiness changes.Suddenly it's conditional on such things as excitement, love and popularity.I can still recall the excitement of being invited to dance with the most attractive boy at the school party.

　　In adulthood the things that bring deep joy—love, marriage, birth—also bring responsibility and the risk of loss.For adults, happiness is complicated(復雜的)．

　　My definition of happiness is “the capacity for enjoyment”．The more we can enjoy what we have, the happier we are.It's easy to overlook the pleasure we get from the company of friends, the freedom to live where we please, and even good health.

　　I experienced my little moments of pleasure yesterday.First I was overjoyed when I shut the last lunch－box and had the house to myself.Then I spent an uninterrupted morning writing, which I love.When the kids and my husband came home, I enjoyed their noise after the quiet of the day.

　　Psychologists tell us that to be happy we need a mix of enjoyable leisure time and satisfying work.I don't think that my grandmother, who raised 14 children, had much of either.She did have a network of close friends and family, and maybe this is what satisfied her.

　　We, however, with so many choices and such pressure to succeed in every area, have turned happiness into one more thing we've got to have.We're so self－conscious about our “right” to it that it's making us miserable.So we chase it and equal it with wealth and success, without noticing that the people who have those things aren't necessarily happier.

　　Happiness isn't about what happens to us—it's about how we see what happens to us.It's the skillful way of finding a positive for every negative.It's not wishing for what we don't have, but enjoying what we do possess.

　　51．As people grow older, they

　　________．

　　A．feel it harder to experience happiness

　　B．associate their happiness less with others

　　C．will take fewer risks in pursuing happiness

　　D．tend to believe responsibility means happiness

　　52．What can we learn about the author from Paragraphs 5 and 6?

　　A．She cares little about her own health.

　　B．She enjoys the freedom of traveling.

　　C．She is easily pleased by things in daily life.

　　D．She prefers getting pleasure from housework.

　　53．What can be inferred from Paragraph 7?

　　A．Psychologists think satisfying work is key to happiness.

　　B．Psychologists' opinion is well proved by Grandma's case.

　　C．Grandma often found time for social gatherings.

　　D．Grandma's happiness came from modest expectations of life.

　　54．People who equal happiness with wealth and success ________．

　　A．consider pressure something blocking their way

　　B．stress their right to happiness too much