①When deeply absorbed in work, which he often was, he would forget all about eating or sleeping. (2024·北京卷單項填空)

　　他經常全神貫注地工作，每當這個時候他就會完全忘記吃飯或睡覺。 ②This kind of cream is easily absorbed into skin, which is a good seller this year.

　　這種乳霜皮膚易吸收，它在今年很暢銷。 ③The programme Happy Camp ________________.

　　《快樂大本營》這個節目完全吸引了我的注意力。 答案　③was totally absorbing my attention 巧學助記

　　exchange

　　vt.兌換，交換n.兌換，交換

　　(教材原句)Talking of money－it's really easy to exchange traveller's cheques at banks or hotels so I advise you to get some of those before you come.

　　談到錢，在銀行或飯店兌換旅行支票非常容易，所以我建議您來之前準備一些支票。

　　(1)exchange sth for sth以……交換……

　　exchange sth with sb與某人交換某物 (2)make an exchange交換

　　in exchange for sth交換某物

　　①If the course fails to provide complete satisfaction to you, you can easily exchange it for any other course that we offer. (北京卷，A)

　　如果這門課程不能讓你完全滿意，你可以很容易地更換我們提供的其他任何一門課程。 ②________________your partner and then write it down.與你的同伴交換想法然后記錄下來。 答案　②Exchange your idea with 巧學助記

　　majority n．大半，大多數

　　(教材原句)But even though some British people are quite strange, the majority of them are really friendly and I've made some good friends.

　　雖然有些英國人有點兒奇怪，但是大多數人都很友好，我已結交了一些朋友。

　　(1)the majority of……的大多數

　　in a/the majority占大多數

　　by/with a majority of以多數票(贏得……) (2)minority n．少數

　　in the minority占少數

　　①An agreement seems to be impossible because the majority of the committee members are against it. (2024·陜西卷單項填空)

　　達成協議似乎是不可能的，因為大部分的委員會成員反對該提議。 ②Yingluck won the election as the first woman premier in the history of Thailand________________73 votes.英拉以73票的優勢贏得了大選，她是泰國歷史上首位女總理。 答案　②with the majority of 注意 (1)the/a majority of后接名詞復數或代詞，意思是“大多數……，大部分……”，表示復數概念，相當于“most＋名詞/most of the＋名詞/most of＋代詞”，謂語動詞用復數。 (2)the/a majority單獨作主語時，謂語動詞用單復數均可。

　　request

　　n．&vt.要求，請求

　　(教材原句)to make a request to someone you don‘t know very well對你(們)不大熟悉的人表達請求

　　(1)make a request for請求；要求……

　　at sb's request＝at the request of sb應某人之要求

　　(2)request sb to do sth請求/要求某人做某事

　　request that...(should) do...請求……做某事

　　request sth from/of sb向某人請求某物

　　It is/was requested that...(should) do...人們要求……

　　① No photos of the girl were printed at the request of her family.

　　依照女孩家人的要求沒有刊登女孩的照片。 ②It is requested that the students (should) get to school before eight o'clock.要求學生8點前到校。 ③They requested us not to smoke in the restaurant.

　　＝They requested that we ________ in the restaurant.他們要求我們不要在餐館里吸煙。 答案　③(should)not smoke 注意 request作“要求”講時，后面可以跟賓語從句，從句用虛擬語氣，即其謂語部分用“should＋動詞原形”，其中should可省略。與此用法相同的還有： 一堅持(insist) 二命令(order，command) 三建議(advise，suggest，propose) 四要求(demand，require，request，desire)

　　familiar adj.熟悉的，常見的

　　(教材原句)Jin Li found the American way of life familiar soon after her arrival in the USA.

　　金麗來到美國之后發現美國的生活方式很熟悉。

　　(1)sb be familiar with sth某人對某物很熟悉

　　sth be familiar to sb(＝sth be known to sb)某物為某人所熟悉

　　(2)be similar to與……相似

　　①I am familiar ______him——that is, he is familar_______me.我很熟悉他，也就是說，他為我所熟悉。 ②My studying style________that of most other students.我的學習風格和多數學生相似。 答案　①with；to　②is similar to attach vt.系，固定；附上，貼上

　　(1)attach sth to...把某物連接到/固定在/附在……上

　　attach importance/significance to...重視；認為……重要

　　/有意義/有價值

　　(2)attached附屬于；為……工作；依戀；愛慕

　　be attached to...被連接到……；愛慕……

　　an attached school附屬學校

　　①Attach a recent photograph to your application form before handing it in.

　　申請表上請貼一張近照再上交。 ②I ________ great significance ________ the summit meeting.我認為這次峰會會議具有重要意義。 ③This hospital ________ Hefei Medical University nearby.這個醫院附屬于附近的合肥醫科大學。 答案　②attach；to　③is attached to bear vi.&vt.(bore, borne/born) 帶有，攜帶；容忍，忍受；承擔(責任)；支撐，承受；生育；出生；結(果實)

　　(教材原句)I can't bear the way the native Australians have been treated.

　　我忍受不了(那些)對待當地的澳大利亞人的方式。

　　觀察句子，寫出下列黑體部分的含義

　　①He was badly wounded in the war and still bears the scars. ②The stress must have been enormous but she bore it well. ③The company responsible for the oil spill should bear the expense of cleaning it up. ④He can't bear people smoking while he's eating. ⑤I don't think the table is strong enough to bear the weight. ⑦After all, I was a teenager girl, and I couldn't ________ look at me and think I was not like them.(2024·廣東卷，C)

　　畢竟，我是一位青春少女，我不能忍受人們看著我卻認為我不像。 ⑧We must ________________ wasting time is equal to wasting our life.

　　我們必須牢記浪費時間就等于浪費生命。 答案　①帶有　②忍受　③承擔　④容忍　⑤支撐 ⑦bear people to　⑧bear it in mind that get used to 習慣于

　　(教材原句)You're going to have to get used to bacon and eggs with a few slices of toast for breakfast over here, Aunt Mei！梅姨，你將不得不適應這里腌肉、雞蛋加幾片烤面包的早飯！

　　get/be used to(doing)sth習慣于(做)某事

　　be used to do sth/for(doing)sth被用來做某事

　　be used as...作為……來使用

　　used to do sth過去常常做某事

　　①Some owners will leave their animals outside for a long period of time, thinking that all animals________ living outdoors. (2024·全國卷Ⅱ，A)

　　有一些主人會把他們的寵物留在外面很長時間，認為這些動物習慣于住在戶外。 ②When he was young, he________go there on foot.Now he has______going there by bike, though his bike_______pick up his grandson sometimes.

　　當他年輕的時候，他常步行去那兒。現在他的自行車雖然有時用來接他孫子，但他已習慣了騎自行車去那兒。 答案　①are used to　②used to；got used to；is used to see...off 給……送行 (教材原句)He insisted on walking me to the station to see me off.他堅持陪我走到車站送我。 see through sb/sth看透，識破；做完(某項工作) see to sb/sth照料；注意；處理 see to it that...確保/保證…… seeing that...因為，由于，鑒于

　　①I think they've gone to the airport to see their daughter off.

　　我想他們去機場給女兒送行了。 ②Can you see to it that the e-mail goes this afternoon?

　　你能保證今天下午把電子郵件發出去嗎？ ③________he was a hard worker, the manager gave him a pay rise.

　　因為他辛勤工作，經理給他加了工資。 答案　③Seeing that [句 式 詮 釋] (教材原句)Decide where to go on holiday with a friend.定好和朋友到哪兒度假。

　　(1)句中where to go on holiday...為“特殊疑問副詞＋不定

　　式”結構，在句中作賓語。wh-疑問詞后跟動詞不定式

　　構成的短語，可以在句子中作主語、賓語、表語，還

　　可以作定語。(why和if后不能直接跟動詞不定式)

　　①When and where to have a picnic hasn't been decided yet.何時何地去吃野餐還未定。 (2)在“特殊疑問代詞＋不定式”結構中，不定式往往與前面的疑問代詞構成動賓關系，不定式結構用主動語態。 ②The mother didn't know who to blame for the broken glass.

　　那位母親不知道誰應該為那只打碎的杯子負責。(who作blame的賓語)

　　(3)此類不定式短語作定語時，通常僅限于“介詞＋which＋不定式”結構。 ③He told his mother that he needed ten dollars ________ buy a new dictionary.

　　他對他媽媽說，他需要10元錢買本新字典。 答案　③with which to (教材原句)I had a similar experience the last time I visited China.

　　上次我到中國參觀時也有同樣的經歷。

　　表示時間的名詞詞組the last time相當于從屬連詞，引導時間狀語從句。

　　(1)名詞詞組作連詞，引導時間狀語從句的還有：

　　the first time, each time, any time, next time, the moment, the second, the minute, the instant, the hour, the day等。 ①Be sure to call on me next time you come here.

　　下次來這兒時一定要來看我。 ②He left me a good impression ________I met him.

　　我第一次見到他時，他給我留下了好的印象。 (2)有些副詞或介詞短語也可以充當時間狀語從句的引導詞。

　　immediately/directly/instantly一……就……

　　by the time...到……時 ③Immediately he arrived at the classroom, he began to study.

　　他一到教室就開始學習。 答案　②the first time

　　礎知識通關點 考點歸納拓展 [寫 作 必 備] 基礎詞匯 1．stress v． 強調 2．considerate adj.

　　體貼的 3．depressed adj.

　　失望的，沮喪的 4．actually adv.

　　實際上 5．shortcoming n.

　　缺點 6．consequently adv.

　　所以；結果 ·必考話題12　人際關系(Ⅱ) 7．benefit n．&v.

　　益處 8．familiar adj.

　　熟悉的

　　9．be crazy about

　　對……狂熱 10．take...seriously

　　認真對待…… 11．be concerned about

　　關心，掛念 12．cooperate with...

　　與……合作 13．think highly/much of

　　對……評價很高 14．make a difference

　　有意義；不同

　　提分句型 1．Not until then did I realise the value of friends.

　　直到那時我才認識到了朋友的價值。 2．Keep on trying，and you'll make it.

　　繼續努力，你會成功的。 3．Never lose heart even if you fail.

　　即使失敗也不要灰心。 4．You're making progress.Keep it up.

　　你正在取得進步，堅持下去。 5．She put her heart and soul into the work.

　　她全身心投入工作。

　　[美 文 賞 析] 素材示例　(2024·新課標卷Ⅰ)假定你是李華。請你給筆友Peter寫封信，告訴他你叔叔李明將去他所在城市開會，帶去他想要的那幅中國畫，同時詢問他是否可以接機。信中還需說明：

　　李明：高個子，戴眼鏡

　　航班號：CA985

　　到達：8月6日上午11：30

　　注意：(1)詞數100左右；(2)可以適當增加細節，以使行文連貫；(3)開頭語和結束語已為你寫好。 Dear Peter，

　　How are you doing? ____________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________

　　Looking forward to your reply. Yours， Li Hua Dear Peter，

　　How are you doing?

　　I'm writing to tell you that my uncle，Li Ming，is going to attend a meeting in your city and then he will bring you the Chinese painting you've asked for before. 佳作播報

　　My uncle's flight，whose number is CA985, will arrive at your city at 11：30 on the morning of August 6.As my uncle is not familiar with your city，I would appreciate it if①

　　you could meet him at the airport. I do hope that you can also take him to his hotel.My uncle is a tall man with glasses，wearing a black jacket.②

　　Looking forward to your reply. Yours， Li Hua

　　1．I would appreciate it if...，其中it作形式賓語。

　　[模擬]　I would appreciate it if you would turn the music down.

　　如果你把音樂關小一些，我將不勝感激。

　　2．現在分詞短語wearing a black jacket在句中作伴隨狀語。

　　[模擬]　Mary stood at the school gate waiting for her mother.瑪麗站在學校門口等她母親。 Ⅰ.核心單詞 1．________(vt.)欠(情、債等) 2．________(vt.)理解，掌握；吸收→________(adj.)被……吸引住的→________(adj. )吸引人的 3．________(vt.)兌換，交換 4．________(adj.)熟悉的，常見的 5．________(vt.)攜帶；容忍→________(adj.)忍受的 6．________(vt.)喜歡，依戀；系，固定→________ (adj.)附屬的；依戀的 7．________(n.)&(vt.) 請求 8．________(n.)道歉，認錯→________(v.)道歉，賠不是 9．________(n.)期待的事物；預期→________(vt.)期待，預料；指望→________(adj.)預期的，預料的 10．________n．大半，大多數→________(n.)少數→________(adj.)主要的vi.主修 11．________(adj.)合理的，正當的→________(n.)理由→________(v.)推論；勸說；理解→________(adv.)合理地；相當地 12．________(n.)動作；活動→________(v.)移動；感動→________(adj.)可移動的

　　13．________(adv.)好奇地→________(adj.)好奇的→________(n.)好奇心 14．________(adj.)非正式的→________(adj.)正式的→________(adv.)正式地 15．________(n.)到達，抵達→________(vi.)到達 16．________(adj.)小心翼翼的，謹慎的→________(n.)小心，謹慎 17．________(vt.)傷害→________(n.)傷害，損害→________(adj.)受傷的

　　18．________(n.)教育者→________(n.)教育→________(adj.)有教養的 19．________(vi.)屬于，該在(某處)→________(n.)所有物；財產 20．_______(vt.)出口；輸出→________(反義詞)進口；輸入 21．________(n.)相加；增加物→________(vt.)增加，加，增添；補充說→________(adj.)補充的，額外的，附加的

　　答案　1.owe　2.absorb；absorbed；absorbing　3.exchange　 4.familiar　5.bear；bearable　6.attach；attached 7．request　

　　8.apology；apologize　9.expectation；expect；expected　10.majority；minority；major　11.reasonable；reason；reason；reasonably　12.movement；move；movable 13．curiously；curious；curiosity　14.informal；formal；formally　15.arrival；arrive　16.cautious；caution 17．injure；injury；injured　18.educator；education；educated　19.belong；belongings　20.export；import　21.addition；add；additional

　　It is familiar that being modest and cautious is good manners.It is also a good virtue to make reasonable request，forgive others and make an apology.However，contrary to our expectation，customs abroad are different. ——詞不離句，句不離段 Ⅱ.重點短語 1．習慣于________________ 2．預先