2024高考英語核心考點輕松閱讀：句型短語

　　1．高考常見句型短語

　　（1）act短語：

　　act as 擔任……職務，起……作用

　　act for 代理（某人職務），代為（處理某事）

　　act out 表演（對話、故事等）

　　act up 搗亂，出毛病

　　例如：

　　Mr Black is acting for the old man in his case.

　　(布萊克先生代那個老人處理他的案件。)

　　The children were acting out the story of the birth of Jesus.

　　He’s a tough kid and he acts up a lot.

　　（2）break短語：

　　break away 擺脫，脫離

　　break away from … 脫離……，奮力掙脫……

　　break down 出故障，壞掉，中止，累垮，分解

　　break in 打斷，插話，闖入，強行進入

　　break into … 闖入……，破門而入

　　break (sth) off （使某物）折斷，中斷某事物，突然停止

　　break out （戰爭、火災）突然發生，爆發

　　break out in tears 突然大哭

　　break the rule 違反規定

　　break through 突圍，沖跨

　　break up 分解，分裂，拆散，碎開

　　（3）bring短語：

　　bring about 引起，導致，使發生

　　bring along 把……帶來，領來

　　bring back 拿回來，使恢復

　　bring sb back 送回某人

　　bring sth / sb back to life 使……生動/活潑，使……蘇醒

　　（比較：sth / sb come back to life 復蘇，蘇醒）

　　bring down 使……降低，減少，使……倒下，使……落下

　　bring down / up (the price) 降價／提價 [比較：(the price ) go down / up 價格下降 /上漲]

　　bring in 引進（技術），賺錢，帶來（收入），吸收

　　bring on 發展，引起，導致，使前進

　　bring out 拿出，出版，生產，揭露，闡明，使表現出

　　bring to 使蘇醒

　　bring … to use = put …to use 對……加以利用

　　bring / carry sth to / into effect 實施……（比較：sth come / go into effect 開始實施）

　　bring up 撫養，培養，哺育

　　例如：

　　A huge amount of environmental damage has been brought about by the destruction of the rainforests.

　　You’re welcome to bring along a friend.

　　The government hopes these measures will help to bring down inflation (通貨膨脹).

　　American country music brings in more than $10 billion each year.

　　This new kind of technology was brought in in the early 1980s.

　　Stress can bring on (=lead to / result in) headaches and other illnesses.

　　Jenny opened the cupboard and brought out a couple of bottles.

　　He was brought up by his grandparents.

　　（4）call短語：

　　call at (sp) 訪問（某地），拜訪（某地） [比較：call on (sb) 拜訪（某人），訪問（某人）]

　　call back 回電話

　　call for 提倡，號召，要求，需要，去接某人，接走某人

　　call / shout for help 呼救

　　call in 請來，召集，來訪，打電話

　　call off 取消

　　call on / upon 號召

　　call out 大聲呼喊，叫喊

　　call sb…for short 簡稱某人……

　　call sb names 謾罵某人

　　call up 給……打電話，使人想起，號召

　　（5）come短語：

　　come about 發生，產生

　　come across 偶然相遇

　　come along 來，隨同，進展，加油

　　come at … 向……襲擊

　　come back 回來，想起來，復活

　　come down 下來，下落，傳下

　　come down to… 到達，從一處來到另一處

　　come for… 來拿，來取

　　come from… 來自，出生于

　　come in 進來，進入

　　come into being 形成，產生

　　come into use 使用起來

　　come off 脫落，從……離開

　　come on 過來，跟我來，加油，來吧，趕快

　　come on / upon sb / sth 偶然遇見，偶然碰上，偶然發現

　　come out 露出，出來，出現，出版，發（芽），（花）開

　　come over to… 過來，順便來訪，從一個地方來到另一個地方

　　come round / around （非正式）來訪，串門

　　come to … 來到，出現，提及，達到，共計，結果是，蘇醒

　　come to an end 結束，終止

　　come to know 逐漸地知道

　　come to life （）come to oneself 蘇醒過來，恢復知覺

　　come to / into power 當權，上臺

　　come / go to ruin = fall into ruin 變成廢墟 come to terms with… 甘心忍受

　　come true 變為現實，成為事實

　　come up 被提出，上來，走來，上升，抬頭，長出來

　　come up to sb 朝某人走來

　　come up with … 提出，想出（主意），找出（答案），趕上

　　例如：

　　A number of educational reforms have come about as a result of the report.

　　I came across an old friend of mine in the street the other day.

　　Your English is coming along really well.

　　Come along / on! Don’t give up yet!

　　Come along / on! We’re all waiting for you!

　　Suddenly, he came at me with a knife.

　　Now, let’s come back to what I was saying a moment ago.

　　It is impossible for a dead animal to come back.

　　Snow was coming down so thickly that I could hardly see through the window.

　　The airplane came down in that field.

　　Where does the film star come from, do you know?

　　Mr Smith came in in a hurry, book in hand (= with a book in his hand).

　　The law first came into being in 1912.

　　By the time he came to / into power in 1951, he was already seventy.

　　How long is it since the electronic computer came into use?

　　The button came off, but he didn’t notice it.

　　There is no doubt that the truth will come out one day.

　　The trees turn green and flowers come out.

　　This magazine comes out once a month.

　　Why don’t you come around / round for lunch?

　　Some day you’ll come to know the mistakes you have made.

　　If they don’t come to a decision by midnight, the talks will be abandoned.

　　I’ve forgotten her name, but maybe it’ll come to me later.

　　The bill came to ￡480 in total.

　　His dream of becoming a film star came true at last.

　　A child came up to me and showed me the way.

　　The same problems came up at the meeting yesterday.

　　They came up with the same problems at the meeting yesterday.

　　Searching through the drawer, I came upon the letter I’d been looking for.

　　（6）cut短語：

　　cut away 切除，剪去

　　cut down 砍倒，砍下，削減

　　cut in 插嘴，加塞，插入

　　cut in line 插隊

　　cut … into pieces / halves 把……切成碎片/切成兩半

　　cut off 切斷（線路），中斷（供應）

　　cut out 刪除，剪下來

　　cut the cost of … 降低……的成本

　　cut up 切碎，剪碎，剁碎，齊根切掉

　　例如：

　　He cut away some branches, making it look more beautiful.

　　A lot of trees there were cut down in the past.

　　The electricity was cut off because of the storm.

　　He was sentenced to death and had his head cut off the next day.

　　Could you cut the pizza up, please?

　　（7）do短語：

　　do about 處理，應付

　　do and don’t 要與不要

　　do a good deed 做一件好事

　　do a lot of walking 走很多路

　　do a test 做實驗，做化驗

　　do a word puzzle 猜字謎

　　do an experiment / experiments 做實驗

　　do away with 廢除

　　do body-building 做健身操

　　do chores 處理瑣事，干家務

　　do housework 做家務活

　　do make-up 化妝，打扮

　　do observations 觀察

　　do one’s best 盡某人最大努力

　　do one’s homework 做作業

　　do research on… 從事……研究工作

　　do sb a favour 幫某人一個忙

　　do sb honor = do honor to sb 禮遇某人，對某人表示敬意

　　do sb the favour to do sth 幫某人一個忙做某事

　　do some reading 讀書，閱讀，看點書

　　do some shopping = go shopping 購物，買東西

　　do sports = have / play sports = take exercise 進行體育運動，做運動，進行鍛煉

　　do sth in turn / by turns = take turns to do sth / in doing sth 輪流做某事

　　do telephone interviews 進行電話采訪

　　do the laundry 洗衣服

　　do up 打扮，梳妝，收拾，把（衣服，鞋子等）扣/系好

　　do up one’s shoes / hair 系好鞋帶/梳好頭

　　do up the button 扣紐扣

　　do well / better in… 在……方面干得好/更好

　　do with 處理，處置，對付

　　do wrong 做壞事，做錯事（比較：do right = do the right thing 做得對）

　　例如：

　　To tell the truth, I don’t know how to do with him.

　　I’ll have nothing to do with him from now on.

　　What did you do with that camera you found?

　　The poisonous waste may do great harm to the things around us.

　　Eat more fruit; it will do good to you.

　　I think I can do better in English this year than last year.

　　Liszt said, “You’ve done wrong, but I can see you are truly sorry about it.”

　　I’m going to do my best this year.

　　I was only trying to do a good deed.

　　（8）get短語：

　　get a better understanding of China 更好地了解中國

　　get a full mark / full marks 得滿分 get a lot of satisfaction 得到滿足

　　get at 意指，本意是

　　get around = get about 四處走動，活動

　　get away 移走，拿走，逃脫，逃離

　　get away from 逃脫，逃離

　　get back 回來，回家，取回，找回，退還

　　get close to 接近

　　get down 下來，降下

　　get down on one’s knees 跪下

　　get down to (doing) sth 開始（做）某事）

　　get in 進入，收獲，達到

　　get in a word 插話

　　get into… 進入……

　　get sb into… 使某人陷入

　　get it 接（電話），應（門），理解，懂得 get off 下車，脫下（衣服等）

　　get on 上車，過活

　　get on / along with… 進展，與……相處

　　get on one’s feet （艱難地）站立起來

　　get out 離開，出去

　　get out of 逃避，避免

　　get over 克服，恢復，原諒

　　get up 起床，起身

　　get across 理解，度過

　　get through 接通（電話），完成（工作），通過（考試）

　　get to 到達，抵達

　　get to sleep 入睡，設法睡著

　　get / gain / take possession of 占有，擁有，占領

　　get ready for 為……做準備

　　（比較：be ready for = be well prepared for = be in preparation for 為……做好了準備）

　　get rid of 除掉，去掉

　　get sb to do 讓某人做

　　get the idea for… 想到……的主意

　　get the message across 傳播信息

　　get together 相聚，碰頭，聯歡

　　get / be used to sth 習慣于……，適應于……

　　（比較：be used as sth 被用作……

　　be used for sth 被用于……，用來做……

　　be used to do sth 被用于做……

　　used to do sth 過去常常做）

　　get / be dressed 穿衣服

　　get / be engaged (to sb) （與某人）訂婚

　　get / be lost 丟失了，迷路

　　get / be married (to sb) = marry (sb) （與某人）結婚

　　get / be stuck 陷進去，被困住，被難住，遇到困難

　　get / be tired of 對……感到厭倦，對……失去興趣

　　（比較：get / be tired for 因……而感到疲倦）

　　例如：

　　I’m getting on well with my classmates now.

　　How are you getting along with your English?

　　He got the book away from her.

　　The bank robbers used a stolen car to get away.

　　When did you get back from the countryside?

　　Have you got back the book you lent him?

　　“Get down on your knees,” said the Genie, “for I am going to kill you.”

　　The dust has got into my eyes.

　　This mistake may get him into difficulties.

　　Before I could get in a word he had measured me, and was giving orders for evening suits.

　　If you knock into someone, or get into his way, you should say, “Excuse me.” or “I’m sorry.”

　　When you are in London, you might get in touch with a friend of mine.

　　The conductor got off and checked the rails.

　　She got on her bicycle and cycled off.

　　You work too hard! You should get out a bit more.

　　If you don’t want to go, I suppose I can get rid of the ticket.

　　We all try to get together at least once a year at Christmas time.

　　It took us only four minutes to get through the Customs(海關).

　　I telephoned him, but I just couldn’t get through to him.

　　She felt so cold that she got close to her mother.

　　It’s time we got down to work.

　　The theatre was already full, and we couldn’t get in.

　　The peasants are busy getting in the crops.

　　We didn’t get up until lunch time.

　　He got up and walked over to the window.

　　（9）give短語：

　　give away 贈送，給予，背棄，泄露，分發

　　give back 歸還，送回

　　give in 投降，讓步，屈服

　　give off 釋放，發出，放出 (煙、光、熱等)

　　give out 用完，耗盡，分發give a concert 開音樂會

　　give a description of… 描述…… give / make a speech 演講，講話

　　give a talk 演講，做報告