the ship/sink into the ocean the ship/is the most beautiful

　　in the world at that time

　　Titanic is sank into the ocean. Titanic is

　　was the most beautiful in the word at that time. the ship that the ship that the Heart of Ocean the diamond/is worn by Rose The Heart of Ocean is

　　was worn by Rose. the diamond/is dropped

　　into the ocean by Rose The Heart of Ocean is

　　was dropped into the ocean by Rose

　　the diamond

　　that the diamond that

　　born in 1847/ man/ invent the

　　first telephone

　　Bell who was born in 1847 is the man that invented the first telephone.

　　引導定語從句關系代詞的用法：

　　that

　　which

　　who

　　whom

　　whose

　　1.that在從句中作主語或賓語，指人和物

　　1)A plane is a machine that can fly.（ 主語） 2)The noodles that I looked were delicious.（賓語） 3)Let’s ask the man that is reading the book over there.（主語） 4)The girl that we saw yesterday is Jim’sister.（賓語）

　　2. Which

　　在從句中作主語或賓語，指物 1) They planted the trees which didn’t need much water. (主語 ) 3. who whom 在從句中分別作主語和賓語 (口語中who也可作賓語) 1) The foreigner who visited our school yesterday is from Canada.（主語） 2) The fish which we bought were not fresh.

　　（賓語） 2) The boy who broke the window is called Michael.（主語）

　　4) Mr. Read is the professor to whom you should write . （賓語） 3) The person to whom you just talked is Mr. Li. （賓語）

　　3) This is the book whose cover is blue. 4. whose 在從句中作定語，指人或物 1) Miss Flower

　　is the teacher whose house caught fire last week. 2) This is the boy whose composition the teacher talked of .

　　The boss in whose company my father worked is a very kind person.

　　關系代詞whose還可以在從句中與它所修飾的詞一起作介詞賓語 NOTE

　　that和which在指物的情況下一般都可以互換, 但在下列情況下, 一般用that而不用which。 I am sure she has something (that) you can borrow. I’ve read all the books that are not mine.

　　This is the first book (that) he has read. This is the very book that belongs to him. (1) 先行詞為all, everything, nothing, something,

　　anything, little, much 等不定代詞時。 (2)先行詞被all, every, no, some, any, little, much等

　　修飾時。 (3)先行詞被序數詞或最高級修飾時。 (4)先行詞被the only, the very, the same, the last修飾時。 NOTE Are you clear now? OK . Let’s do some exercise! Function-I----practice (3m) 3.

　　The house ____________ they built in 1987 stayed up in the earthquake.

　　Fill in the blanks with who,

　　whom,

　　that,

　　which

　　or whose 1.

　　The earthquake___________ hit the city in 1906 was the biggest in American

　　history. 2.

　　We don’t know the number of people ____________ lost their homes in 1906 earthquake that / which

　　that / who

　　which /that

　　6. Harry is the boy ________ mother is our maths teacher . 4.

　　A house ____________ is built on sand may fall down in a earthquake.

　　5. Luckily none of the people ______________ I know were killed in the earthquake . which / that who/whom/that whose Answer keys for “Discovering useful structures”Ex. 2 on Page 28 1 who 2 that/which 3 which/that 4 whose 5 whose Function-II----practice (2m) 1.The famous basketball star, _______ tried to make a comeback, attracted a lot of attention. (北京 2002春季) 　A、where B、when C、which D、who 答案

　　D 真題解析：本題考察定語從句關聯詞的選擇，從句意可知先行詞the famous basketball star（著名的籃球明星）是人，所以應用表示人的關聯詞who。

　　高考鏈接 The film brought the hours back to me _____ I was taken good care of in that far-away village.(NMET 2001) 　A、until B、that C、when D、where 答案

　　C

　　真題解析：本題考察定語從句的連接詞，主句中的先行詞the hours被其它成分分割，只要考生能夠認清真正的先行詞，就不難得出答案，the hours表示時間，所以應該選擇一個表示時間的關系副詞，即when。 高考鏈接 3._____ is known to everybody, the moon travels around the earth once every month. (NMET2001) 　A、It

　　B、As

　　C、That

　　D、what 答案 B 　真題解析：本題考察as引導非限定性定語從句。as引導從句的意思是“正如……..”，引導的非限定性定語從句修飾整個句子，當as在從句中充當主語時，常用下面的結構：as is know，as is said，as is reported 等，所以本題的答案是B。 高考鏈接 04《一輪課本復習課件 必修一 Unit 4 Earthquake》

　　一﹑單詞拼寫 請根據給出的讀音、詞性和詞義寫出下列單詞。 1. ___________ [bE:st] v. 爆裂，爆發 2. ___________ [ruin] n. &v.廢墟，毀滅 3. ___________ [iks5tri:m] adj. 極端的，極度的 4.____________ [5indVE] v. 損害，傷害 5.____________ [dis5trCi] vt. 破壞，毀壞 6. ____________[5ju:slis] adj. 無用的，無效的 7. ____________[FCk] n. & vt.

　　震驚，震動 8. ____________[5reskju:] n. & v. 援救 9. ____________[5fraitn] vt. 使驚嚇 10. ___________[dVQdV] v. & n. 判斷，法官 burst ruin extreme injure destroy

　　useless

　　shock rescue frighten judge

　　11. ____________ [iks5pres] vt. 表達 12. ____________ [5sQfEriN] n. 苦難， 痛苦 13. ____________ [sin5siEli] adv. 真誠地，真摯地 14. ____________ [5beri] vt. 埋葬，掩埋 15.___________[trAp] n. & vt. 陷阱，使 陷入困境 16. ______________ [sE5vaivE] n. 幸存者 17. ______________ [Ilek5trIsItI] n. 電 18. ______________ [di5zB:stE] n.災難，災禍 19. ______________ [kEn7^rAtju5leiFEn] n. 祝賀 20._______________ [kE5nAl] n.運河，水道 canal

　　express suffering sincerely

　　bury

　　trap

　　survivor electricity disaster

　　congratulation

　　二﹑單詞運用 根據句子的結構和意義，在空格處填入一個恰當的單詞。 1. A lot of pipes ________and tens of thousands of house were ________ in the earthquake. 2. The _________ weather _____ ___the natives a lot of whom were __________ 3. Cars were _______ as almost all roads and bridges were _________. People were __________as no one came to their_______ after disaster happened. 4. The plaintiffs __________their gratitude to the __________ who extended justice for them. judges

　　burst ruined extreme shocked injured useless destroyed frightened rescue

　　expressed 5. He was one of the __________ in the earthquake. (survive) 6. Suez _______ is controlled by Egypt. 7. Without ___________, our world would become dark and totally different. (electrical) 8. We all show sympathy with him who has experienced so many __________ (suffer) 9. I would like to express my _________________ on you for your great success in the competition.

　　10. I am _________ sorry for the trouble I have caused to you. (sincere)

　　sincerely

　　survivors Canal electricity sufferings Congratulations 三﹑詞語派生 用括號中所給詞的適當形式填空。 1. The food smells so _______. We should throw it away. (smell) 2. The entire nation consider it a ___________

　　pride to host the Olympic Games (nation) 3. Alex’s mother ____________ her dissatisfaction with his room in which all windows and floor were covered with ______. (expression/dirty) 4. Fortunately, all miners trapped in the mines survived though some ___________ suffered minor __________.

　　( survive/injure) 5. This is ____________ news to all of us as we never expected he would lose the game. (shock) 6. The conditions there are ____________ difficult. Please take more equipment, which may be very_____________

　　for you. (extreme/ use) useful smelly

　　national

　　expressed dirt

　　survivors injuries

　　shocking extremely 四﹑詞組互譯 將下列詞組或短語翻譯成中文或英語。 1.________________ 立刻，馬上 2.________________

　　突然 3._________________ 仿佛，好像 4._________________

　　結束，終結 5._________________

　　成為廢墟，破敗不堪 6._________________

　　挖掘，發現 7.___________________ 大量的 8.______________________ 對…… 不重視 9.______________________ 成千上萬的 10.____________________ 三分之二

　　right away

　　burst into/out as if at an end in ruins dig out a (great) number think little of tens of thousands of two-thirds of

　　11. be too nervous to eat _______________ 12. rescue …from… ___________________ 13. to the north of the city ______________ 14. jump out of ____________________ 15. describe to sb ______________ 16. everywhere they look ____________ 17. useless pieces of steel ____________ 18. fall down ___________________ 19. rescue workers _______________ 20. congratulations on sb _________________ 向某人祝賀

　　太緊張而不吃東西 從 中拯救出來 城市以北 從 ……跳出來 向某人描述 目光所及之處 廢鐵 倒塌， 倒下 救援人員 五﹑詞組運用

　　詞組填空 根據句子所提供的語境，從第四大題中選出一個適當的詞組并用其適當形式填空。 1. ________________

　　spectators _________ laughter as the performance was so amusing. 2. You should leave for the meeting ____________as it is going to be __________soon. 3. The old house lay________. So the owner had to ______ his valuables in the dust with shovels. 4. ___________ of people interviewed _______________ what had happened, which led to

　　____________________ casualties. 5. It seems _________ it is going to rain again. Let’s move inside.

　　A great number of burst into right away at an end in ruins dig out Two-thirds thought little of tens of thousands of as if 翻譯句子 根據漢語意識，從第四大題中選出一個恰當的詞組完成句子。 6 救援人員從倒塌的房子中找到了一個幸存者。 The rescue workers found a survivor ________________________________ 7 目光所及之處，所有都成為了廢墟。 Everywhere we looked,___________________________ 8 他向我們描述了他是如何從廢墟中被救出來的。 He described to us how ____________________________ 9 在這個城市以北是一座大型的煉油廠。 ________________________________________. There is a large oil plant to the north of this city. in the house that had fallen down. all lay in ruins. he was rescued from the ruins. 六、介詞填空 ?請用恰當的介詞填空。 1. No one helped me. I did it all

　　myself.

　　2. If you keep ______, you’ll succeed

　　time. 3. Judging ___________ his accent, he must come ________ Sichuan. 4. Only ______ this way can you succeed. 5. _______ two exams to worry about, I have to work really hard this weekend. With

　　by on

　　in

　　from/by from

　　in

　　6. I owe thanks ______ you ______ your unselfish help. 7. She has been married _____ a young worker. 8. ----What time is it now?

　　---- It is seven______ my watch. 9. The tables in that restaurant are so close together that there’s little space _________ them. 10. I feel that one of my main duties _____ a teacher is to help the students to become better learners.

　　to

　　for

　　to

　　by between as Imagine your home begins to shake and you must leave it right away. (P25) Shake : vi /vt

　　(shook ,shaken) Shake hands with sb

　　Shake one’s head over /at sth The whole house shook during the explosion. The explosion shook the house. Please shake the bottle before taking. The host shook hands with all the guests. Nothing can shake our determination to overcome the difficulty. He shook his head in answer to my question. right away: right now ; at once ; immediately

　　I am getting in touch with him right away.

　　2. For three days the water in the village wells rose and fell, rose and fell. (Para 1, Line 1) rise(rose,risen) vi go up; get higher; (of the sun, moon, stars,etc.)

　　come above the horizon; stand up ,

　　get out of bed The flood has risen two feet. She usually rises early in the morning. rise & raise rise:

　　升起； 上升； 上漲（不能用于被動語態） raise: 舉起 ； 使升起； 提高（可用于被動語態）

　　He raised a heavy box over his head. We must raise the living standard of the people . Food prices are still rising.

　　3. A smelly gas came out of the cracks. In the farmyards, the chickens and even the pigs were too nervous to eat. (Para 1, Line 3) smelly

　　adj. 發臭的 wind----windy

　　dream----dreamy

　　ice----icy

　　too···to ·····＝so

　　that This book is too difficult for me to read. =This book is so difficult that I can not

　　read.

　　4.

　　In the city, the water pipes in some buildings cracked and burst. (Para 1, L6) burst

　　(burst, burst) (1).vi.

　　break open or in pieces suddenly;

　　e.g. When he was riding ,the tire burst. (2).vi. come or go suddenly or violently

　　e.g. The house burst into flames.

　　The girl burst into tear. (3).n. bursting, outbreak e.g.

　　a burst of laughter/applause

　　5. …went to bed as usual that night. (Para1, Line 8) as usual

　　照常，慣常 As usual, it rained on my birthday. 6. It seemed that the world was at an end.(Para 2, Line 1) at an end

　　世界末日 come to an end 結束 The meeting came to an end at midnight. at the end of

　　在……的盡頭/最后 At the end of the road you’ll find a shop. He is at the end of his patience. 7. In fifteen terrible seconds a large city lay in ruin. (Para 2, Line 5) lie(lay,lain) (v.)

　　to be, remain or be kept in a certain state e.g. The village lay in ruins after the war. in

　　ruins:

　　severly

　　damaged

　　or destroyed 毀壞 e.g. An earthquake left the whole town in ruins. n.

　　be/lie in ruins

　　sth. left after destruction,decay or downfall

　　廢墟 ，遺跡 v.

　　damage , destroyed 損壞，毀滅

　　e.g. The fire ruined the house 8. Two-thirds of the people died or were injured during the earthquake.(para 2, Line 6) injure : v. to hurt oneself /sb /sth physically受傷 e,.g. He fell of the bicycle in car accident. Smoking will injure your health. two-thirds 分子用基數（one， two…)，分母用序數詞(first, second…..)，當分子超過1時，分母的詞尾加s 1/6

　　one-sixth

　　1/3

　　one-third 2/3

　　two-thirds

　　9.People were shocked. (Para 3, Line 7) shock ：n. [U] [C] 打擊；震驚， 震動

　　vt. 使震驚，使驚愕

　　shocking : adj. 使人震驚的 The news of his wife’s death was a terrible

　　shook to him. You will get a shock if you touch the live wire. I was shocked by his rudeness. His failure in the exam was shocking to his parents. the number

　　of : a quantity of people or things.

　　a

　　number of : a lot of

　　reach(v) to achieve or obtain sth.

　　達成（某事物）；達到，獲得 e.g.

　　At last we reached a decision.

　　You’ll

　　understand it when you reach my age. destroy: v. to damage sth severely; ruin e.g. An atom bomb would destroy a city.

　　All his hopes are destroyed.

　　instead of :

　　in place of; rather than

　　代替，而不是 e.g. He did the work instead of his father.

　　I’ll go to

　　the cinema this afternoon

　　instead of doing my homework.

　　rescue: to save or set free from harm,

　　danger,or loss

　　e.g. He rescued the man from drowning.

　　n.

　　Act of rescuing

　　解救； 營救

　　All

　　hope was not lost.不是所有的希望都破滅了。

　　all

　　not

　　= not

　　all;

　　some but not all .一些，但不是全部 e.g. Not all the boys left.(=Only some of them left)