2024年高考英語試題分項版解析Ⅰ專題08 非謂語動詞（教師版）
非謂語動詞在高考中的考查重點：1.不定式的時態和語態；
2.不定式的功能：不定式的形容詞性功能、不定式的副詞性功能、不定式的名詞性功能；
3.不定式的省略；
4.不定式的否定形式；
5.不定式的搭配形式；
6.獨立主格結構；
7.v-ing分詞名詞性功能；
8.v-ing分詞形容詞性功能；
9.v-ing分詞副詞性功能；
10.過去分詞與現在分詞一般式的區別；
11.過去分詞與現在分詞主動完成式的區別；
12.過去分詞與現在分詞一般被動式的區別解題的方法：
作補語時，句子的賓語或主語是其邏輯主語。
在確定邏輯主語之后，分析非謂語動詞和邏輯主語之間是主謂還是動賓關系。
第三步：分析時態
根據非謂語自帶的時間狀語確定時間或根據上下文的語境確定時間。
1.(2024課標卷)28.The party will be held in the garden, weather
.
A. permitting
B. to permit
C. permitted
D. permit
2.(2024卷)32.Film has a much shorter history, especially when_
such art forms as music and painting.
A. having compared to
B. comparing to C. compare to
D. compared to
3.(2024大綱卷)10.Tony lent me the money, __________that I’ d do as much for him .
A. hoping
B. to hope
C. hoped
D. having hoped
【答案】A
【解析】考查非謂語動詞。現在分詞短語作伴隨狀語。句意：Tony借給我這筆錢，希望我加倍還他。
.(2024大綱卷)15.The old man sat in front of the television every evening, happy _______anything that happened to be on.
A. to watch
B. watching
C. watched
D. to have watched
【答案】A
【解析】考查非謂語動詞。動詞不定式短語作原因狀語。句意：那位老大爺每天晚上坐在電視機前，非常開心地觀看即將上映的任何節目。“happy ____anything that happened to be on.”作目的狀語。
.(2024北京卷)27. _______ with care, one tin will last for six weeks.
A. Use
B. Using
C. Used
D. To use
【答案】C
【解析】考查非謂語動詞。“tin”與“use”存在邏輯上的被動關系，所以用過去分詞。句意：小心使用的話，金屬罐兒可以用六周。
.(2024卷)32.Bird's singing is warning to other birds _______ away.
A. to stay???????
B. staying???????
C. stayed???????
D. Stay
【答案】A
【解析】考查非謂語動詞。不定式用作目的狀語。句意：鳥叫是為了警告其他的鳥遠離他們。
.(2024上海卷)27.As Jack left his membership card at home, he wasn't allowed
into the sports club.
A. going
B. to go
C. go
D. gone
【答案】B
【解析】考查非謂語動詞。allow sb. to do sth.
be allowed to do sth.
allow doing sth.句意：杰克因為把會員卡忘在家里了，所以他沒有被允許進運動俱樂部。
.(2024上海卷)33.When Peter speaks in public, he always has trouble
_ the right things to say.
A. thinking of
B. to think of
C. thought of
D. think of
.
【答案】A
【解析】考查非謂語動詞。have trouble(in)doing的結構。句意：大庭廣眾之下講話，皮特總是要搜腸括肚想想該說的事。
.(2024上海卷)36.The club, _
_ 25 years ago, is holding a party for past and present members.
A. founded
B. founding
C. being founded
D. to be founded
【答案】A
【解析】考查非謂語動詞。founded=which was founded。句意：建于25年前的這家俱樂部正在為新老會員舉行晚會。
.(2024上海卷)39."Genius" is a complicated concept, _
_ many different factors.
A. involved
B. involving
,
C. to involve
D. being involved
【答案】B
【解析】考查非謂語動詞。concept與involve是主動關系，用現在分詞。現在分詞短語作非限制性定語。“天才”是一個復雜的概念，涉及了許多不同的因素。
.(2024重慶卷)23.______to work overtime that evening, I missed a wonderful film.
A. Having been asked
B. To ask
C. Having asked
D. To be asked
.(2024重慶卷)28.We’re having a meeting in half an hour. The decision ______ at the meeting will in the future of our company.
A. to be made
B. being made
C. made
D. having been made
.(2024安徽卷)24.I remembered
the door before I left the office, but forgot to turn off the lights.
A. locking
B. to lock
C. having locked
D. to have locked
【答案】B
【解析】考查非謂語動詞。ACD三個選項都表示動作已經完成。只有B選項表示尚未做。句意：我記得離開辦公室前要鎖門的，但是卻忘記了要關燈。remember doing=remember having dong=remember to have done.
16.(2024安徽卷)30.When
for his views about his teaching job, Philip said he found it very interestingand rewarding.
A. asking
B. asked
C. having asked
D. to be asked
【答案】B
【解析】考查非謂語動詞。動詞 ask 和主語 Philip 之間是被動關系，而且此動作已經完成， 所以選 B 項 asked。When asked=When he was asked。句意：當被問到對教學這個工作怎么看待時，菲利普說他覺得這項工作又有趣又值得。
.(2024福建卷) 28. China recently tightened its waters controls near the Huangyan Island to prevent Chinese fishing boats from ______in the South China Sea.
A. attacking
B. having attacked
C. being attacked
D. having been attacked
【答案】C
【解析】考查非謂語動詞。根據語境，中國最近加強了黃巖島附近水域的控制以防止中國漁船在中國南海被襲。prevent…from后接動名詞且在此須使用被動語態。此處不用完成時。
.(2024湖南卷) 21.We’ ve had a good start, but next, more work needs _____to achieve the final success.
A. being done
B. do
C. to be done
D. to do
【答案】C
【解析】考查非謂語動詞。need做實意動詞后接動詞作賓語有兩種結構: need doing意為 “主語需要被做”可以用 need to be done轉換; need to do 主語需要(自己)去做。句意:我們已經有了良好的開端，但是接下來為了取得最后的成功，我們有更多的工作要去做。
2.(2024湖南卷)23.Time, ________ correctly, is money in the bank.
A. to use
B. used
C. using
D. use
【答案】B
【解析】考查非謂語動詞。非謂語動詞短語作狀語相當于一個條件狀語從句:if it (time) is used correctly。use和它的邏輯主語即句子的主語time的關系是動賓關系，所以要用過去分詞表被動意義。句意：如果使用得當，時間就是存在銀行里的錢22.(2024江蘇卷)31.
an important decision more on emotion than on reason, you will regret it sooner or later.
A. Based
B. Basing
C. Base
D. To base
【答案】B
【解析】考查非謂語動詞。非謂語動詞base與邏輯主語you之間構成主謂關系，所以用現在分詞作狀語，故選B項。句意：你做的重大決定不是建立在理智的基礎上而是建立在感情用事的基礎上的話，你遲早是要后悔的（如果你感情用事而不是理智地去做重大決定的話，你遲早是要后悔的）。
2.(2024江西卷)33.Having finished her project, she was invited by the school
to the new students.
A. speaking B. having spoken C. to speak D. to have spoken
【答案】C
【解析】考查非謂語動詞。這里注意invite的動詞用法：invite sb. to do sth.,其被動式sb. be invited to do sth.雖然受到了邀請，但是講話還沒有發生，故用動詞不定式一般式表示將來。句意：完成了她的工程后，她受那所學校之邀對新生講話。
2.(2024遼寧卷)25. The old couple often take a walk after supper in the park with their pet dog
them.
A. to follow
B. following
C. followed
D. follows
【答案】B
【解析】考查非謂語動詞。with的賓語后面可加形容詞、副詞、分詞、不定式、名詞等作賓補，這兒pet dog與follow構成主謂關系，所以用following。句意：這對老年夫婦經常晚飯后在公園散步，他們的寵物狗跟在后面。
2.(2024遼寧卷)29. This machine is very easy
. Anybody can learn to use it in a few minutes.
A. operating
B. to be operating
C. operated
D. to operate
【答案】D
【解析】考查非謂語動詞。在 “主語 + be + adj + to do”結構中，動詞不定式to do用主動表被動，所以選D。句意：這臺機器很容易操作，任何人都能在幾分鐘之內學會使用。
2.(2024山東卷)35. After completing and signing it, please return the form to us in the envelope ________. A. providing
B. provided
C. having provided
D. provide
【答案】B
【解析】考查非謂語動詞。 句意：完成并簽名后，請把表格放入我們提供的信封內送回。動詞provide與其邏輯主語envelope之間是被動關系，在句中作定語，相當于which is provided。
2.(2024陜西卷)15.________ in a long queue, we waited for the store to open to buy a New iPad .
A. Standing
B. To stand
C.
Stood
D. Stand
【答案】A
【解析】考查非謂語動詞。現在分詞短語作伴隨狀語。句意: 排著很長的隊伍，我們在等著商店開門買一臺新款的iPad.。
(2024陜西卷)22.If he takes on this work, he will have no choice but ______ an even greater challenge.
A. meets
B. meeting
C. meet
D. to meet
【答案】D
【解析】考查固定搭配have no choice but to do “別無選擇，不得不做某事”。句意：如果他接受了這個活兒，那他只會面臨更大的挑戰。
(2024四川卷) 8. I looked up and noticed a snake ______ its way up the tree to catch its breakfast.
A. to wind
B. wind
C. winding
D. wound
【答案】C
【解析】考查非謂語動詞。此題考查現在分詞作賓語補足語。winding its way與賓語snake之間為主動關系且此動作正在進行，故選C。
(2024浙江卷) 3. No matter how bright a talker you are, there are times when it 's better ______ silent.
A. remain
B. be remaining
C. having remained
D. to remain
【答案】D【解析】考查非謂語動詞。it做形式主語，真正的主語是后面的不定式：to remain silent. 可歸結為句型：it is +形容詞/名詞+to do/that…。當然it也可以做形式賓語，如find/feel it +to do/that….。句意：不管你是一個多么聰明的說客，但有時候保持沉默更好。
(2024浙江卷) 11.“ It's such a nice place,” Mother said as she sat at the table______ for customers.
A. to be reserved
B. having reserved
C. reserving
D. reserved
【答案】D
【解析】考查非謂語動詞。reserve和謂語動詞sat之間沒有連詞，故用非謂語，且和其邏輯主語the table邏輯上構成被動關系，故用過去分詞表示被動、完成的概念，在句子中做后置定語，意為：桌子被預定給顧客的。
非謂語動詞在高考中的考查重點：1.不定式的時態和語態；
2.不定式的功能：不定式的形容詞性功能、不定式的副詞性功能、不定式的名詞性功能；
3.不定式的省略；
4.不定式的否定形式；
5.不定式的搭配形式；
6.獨立主格結構；
7.v-ing分詞名詞性功能；
8.v-ing分詞形容詞性功能；
9.v-ing分詞副詞性功能；
10.過去分詞與現在分詞一般式的區別；
11.過去分詞與現在分詞主動完成式的區別；
12.過去分詞與現在分詞一般被動式的區別解題的方法：
作補語時，句子的賓語或主語是其邏輯主語。
在確定邏輯主語之后，分析非謂語動詞和邏輯主語之間是主謂還是動賓關系。
第三步：分析時態
根據非謂語自帶的時間狀語確定時間或根據上下文的語境確定時間。
1.(2024課標卷)28.The party will be held in the garden, weather
.
A. permitting
B. to permit
C. permitted
D. permit
2.(2024卷)32.Film has a much shorter history, especially when_
such art forms as music and painting.
A. having compared to
B. comparing to C. compare to
D. compared to
3.(2024大綱卷)10.Tony lent me the money, __________that I’ d do as much for him .
A. hoping
B. to hope
C. hoped
D. having hoped
【答案】A
【解析】考查非謂語動詞。現在分詞短語作伴隨狀語。句意：Tony借給我這筆錢，希望我加倍還他。
.(2024大綱卷)15.The old man sat in front of the television every evening, happy _______anything that happened to be on.
A. to watch
B. watching
C. watched
D. to have watched
【答案】A
【解析】考查非謂語動詞。動詞不定式短語作原因狀語。句意：那位老大爺每天晚上坐在電視機前，非常開心地觀看即將上映的任何節目。“happy ____anything that happened to be on.”作目的狀語。
.(2024北京卷)27. _______ with care, one tin will last for six weeks.
A. Use
B. Using
C. Used
D. To use
【答案】C
【解析】考查非謂語動詞。“tin”與“use”存在邏輯上的被動關系，所以用過去分詞。句意：小心使用的話，金屬罐兒可以用六周。
.(2024卷)32.Bird's singing is warning to other birds _______ away.
A. to stay???????
B. staying???????
C. stayed???????
D. Stay
【答案】A
【解析】考查非謂語動詞。不定式用作目的狀語。句意：鳥叫是為了警告其他的鳥遠離他們。
.(2024上海卷)27.As Jack left his membership card at home, he wasn't allowed
into the sports club.
A. going
B. to go
C. go
D. gone
【答案】B
【解析】考查非謂語動詞。allow sb. to do sth.
be allowed to do sth.
allow doing sth.句意：杰克因為把會員卡忘在家里了，所以他沒有被允許進運動俱樂部。
.(2024上海卷)33.When Peter speaks in public, he always has trouble
_ the right things to say.
A. thinking of
B. to think of
C. thought of
D. think of
.
【答案】A
【解析】考查非謂語動詞。have trouble(in)doing的結構。句意：大庭廣眾之下講話，皮特總是要搜腸括肚想想該說的事。
.(2024上海卷)36.The club, _
_ 25 years ago, is holding a party for past and present members.
A. founded
B. founding
C. being founded
D. to be founded
【答案】A
【解析】考查非謂語動詞。founded=which was founded。句意：建于25年前的這家俱樂部正在為新老會員舉行晚會。
.(2024上海卷)39."Genius" is a complicated concept, _
_ many different factors.
A. involved
B. involving
,
C. to involve
D. being involved
【答案】B
【解析】考查非謂語動詞。concept與involve是主動關系，用現在分詞。現在分詞短語作非限制性定語。“天才”是一個復雜的概念，涉及了許多不同的因素。
.(2024重慶卷)23.______to work overtime that evening, I missed a wonderful film.
A. Having been asked
B. To ask
C. Having asked
D. To be asked
.(2024重慶卷)28.We’re having a meeting in half an hour. The decision ______ at the meeting will in the future of our company.
A. to be made
B. being made
C. made
D. having been made
.(2024安徽卷)24.I remembered
the door before I left the office, but forgot to turn off the lights.
A. locking
B. to lock
C. having locked
D. to have locked
【答案】B
【解析】考查非謂語動詞。ACD三個選項都表示動作已經完成。只有B選項表示尚未做。句意：我記得離開辦公室前要鎖門的，但是卻忘記了要關燈。remember doing=remember having dong=remember to have done.
16.(2024安徽卷)30.When
for his views about his teaching job, Philip said he found it very interestingand rewarding.
A. asking
B. asked
C. having asked
D. to be asked
【答案】B
【解析】考查非謂語動詞。動詞 ask 和主語 Philip 之間是被動關系，而且此動作已經完成， 所以選 B 項 asked。When asked=When he was asked。句意：當被問到對教學這個工作怎么看待時，菲利普說他覺得這項工作又有趣又值得。
.(2024福建卷) 28. China recently tightened its waters controls near the Huangyan Island to prevent Chinese fishing boats from ______in the South China Sea.
A. attacking
B. having attacked
C. being attacked
D. having been attacked
【答案】C
【解析】考查非謂語動詞。根據語境，中國最近加強了黃巖島附近水域的控制以防止中國漁船在中國南海被襲。prevent…from后接動名詞且在此須使用被動語態。此處不用完成時。
.(2024湖南卷) 21.We’ ve had a good start, but next, more work needs _____to achieve the final success.
A. being done
B. do
C. to be done
D. to do
【答案】C
【解析】考查非謂語動詞。need做實意動詞后接動詞作賓語有兩種結構: need doing意為 “主語需要被做”可以用 need to be done轉換; need to do 主語需要(自己)去做。句意:我們已經有了良好的開端，但是接下來為了取得最后的成功，我們有更多的工作要去做。
2.(2024湖南卷)23.Time, ________ correctly, is money in the bank.
A. to use
B. used
C. using
D. use
【答案】B
【解析】考查非謂語動詞。非謂語動詞短語作狀語相當于一個條件狀語從句:if it (time) is used correctly。use和它的邏輯主語即句子的主語time的關系是動賓關系，所以要用過去分詞表被動意義。句意：如果使用得當，時間就是存在銀行里的錢22.(2024江蘇卷)31.
an important decision more on emotion than on reason, you will regret it sooner or later.
A. Based
B. Basing
C. Base
D. To base
【答案】B
【解析】考查非謂語動詞。非謂語動詞base與邏輯主語you之間構成主謂關系，所以用現在分詞作狀語，故選B項。句意：你做的重大決定不是建立在理智的基礎上而是建立在感情用事的基礎上的話，你遲早是要后悔的（如果你感情用事而不是理智地去做重大決定的話，你遲早是要后悔的）。
2.(2024江西卷)33.Having finished her project, she was invited by the school
to the new students.
A. speaking B. having spoken C. to speak D. to have spoken
【答案】C
【解析】考查非謂語動詞。這里注意invite的動詞用法：invite sb. to do sth.,其被動式sb. be invited to do sth.雖然受到了邀請，但是講話還沒有發生，故用動詞不定式一般式表示將來。句意：完成了她的工程后，她受那所學校之邀對新生講話。
2.(2024遼寧卷)25. The old couple often take a walk after supper in the park with their pet dog
them.
A. to follow
B. following
C. followed
D. follows
【答案】B
【解析】考查非謂語動詞。with的賓語后面可加形容詞、副詞、分詞、不定式、名詞等作賓補，這兒pet dog與follow構成主謂關系，所以用following。句意：這對老年夫婦經常晚飯后在公園散步，他們的寵物狗跟在后面。
2.(2024遼寧卷)29. This machine is very easy
. Anybody can learn to use it in a few minutes.
A. operating
B. to be operating
C. operated
D. to operate
【答案】D
【解析】考查非謂語動詞。在 “主語 + be + adj + to do”結構中，動詞不定式to do用主動表被動，所以選D。句意：這臺機器很容易操作，任何人都能在幾分鐘之內學會使用。
2.(2024山東卷)35. After completing and signing it, please return the form to us in the envelope ________. A. providing
B. provided
C. having provided
D. provide
【答案】B
【解析】考查非謂語動詞。 句意：完成并簽名后，請把表格放入我們提供的信封內送回。動詞provide與其邏輯主語envelope之間是被動關系，在句中作定語，相當于which is provided。
2.(2024陜西卷)15.________ in a long queue, we waited for the store to open to buy a New iPad .
A. Standing
B. To stand
C.
Stood
D. Stand
【答案】A
【解析】考查非謂語動詞。現在分詞短語作伴隨狀語。句意: 排著很長的隊伍，我們在等著商店開門買一臺新款的iPad.。
(2024陜西卷)22.If he takes on this work, he will have no choice but ______ an even greater challenge.
A. meets
B. meeting
C. meet
D. to meet
【答案】D
【解析】考查固定搭配have no choice but to do “別無選擇，不得不做某事”。句意：如果他接受了這個活兒，那他只會面臨更大的挑戰。
(2024四川卷) 8. I looked up and noticed a snake ______ its way up the tree to catch its breakfast.
A. to wind
B. wind
C. winding
D. wound
【答案】C
【解析】考查非謂語動詞。此題考查現在分詞作賓語補足語。winding its way與賓語snake之間為主動關系且此動作正在進行，故選C。
(2024浙江卷) 3. No matter how bright a talker you are, there are times when it 's better ______ silent.
A. remain
B. be remaining
C. having remained
D. to remain
【答案】D【解析】考查非謂語動詞。it做形式主語，真正的主語是后面的不定式：to remain silent. 可歸結為句型：it is +形容詞/名詞+to do/that…。當然it也可以做形式賓語，如find/feel it +to do/that….。句意：不管你是一個多么聰明的說客，但有時候保持沉默更好。
(2024浙江卷) 11.“ It's such a nice place,” Mother said as she sat at the table______ for customers.
A. to be reserved
B. having reserved
C. reserving
D. reserved
【答案】D
【解析】考查非謂語動詞。reserve和謂語動詞sat之間沒有連詞，故用非謂語，且和其邏輯主語the table邏輯上構成被動關系，故用過去分詞表示被動、完成的概念，在句子中做后置定語，意為：桌子被預定給顧客的。
