完形填空突破(七)

　　——詞語辨析題

　　完形填空題的另一個命題熱點是考查詞語辨析。詞語辨析命題涉及以下四種類型：

　　1．同義詞或近義詞辨析

　　此類題的特點是選項中所給的四個詞詞性相同,詞義相同或相近。主要考查考生在具體語言環(huán)境中對所學(xué)同義詞或近義詞的辨析和運(yùn)用能力。

　　典例

　　The technique Mootee uses to treat people with OCD is called cognitive-behavioral therapy (認(rèn)知行為療法)．“It is based on the general idea that people have the ability to change thethey think and behave,” says Mootee.

　　45．A.way

　　B．methodC．solution D．means

　　答案　A

　　解析　考查同義詞的辨析。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,此空后為一定語從句,此空是先行詞。way作先行詞時,定語從句的引導(dǎo)詞可以省略或用in which或者that,此處的定語從句中省略了引導(dǎo)詞。再由空格后的behave可知,此處應(yīng)用way。

　　2．形近詞辨析

　　此類題的特點是選項中所給的四個詞的詞性相同,拼寫(至少有兩項)相近。這類題主要考查考生是否準(zhǔn)確地掌握了所學(xué)詞匯的意義。

　　典例

　　Given the right tools,we can train our brains to act like what they did when we were younger.All that’s　50　is the practice designed just for the purpose：a few exercises for the mind.

　　50．A.required B．inquiredC．a(chǎn)cquired

　　D．requested

　　答案　A

　　解析　考查形近詞辨析。acquire獲得；inquire詢問,打聽；request請求,要求；require需要?！皌hat’s

　　”是定語從句,修飾all。根據(jù)句意可知,required合適,意為“所需要的就是為了這個目的而設(shè)計的練習(xí)”。

　　3．常用詞匯辨析

　　此類題的特點是選項中所給的四個詞詞性相同,脫離語境,或只看句子的一部分,可能會有兩個或兩個以上的正確答案,但經(jīng)過語境分析,則只有一個是正確的。

　　典例

　　Driving home,everyone was in high Christmas spirits,　47　my younger daughter,Ginger,who was unusually

　　48

　　.

　　(2008·遼寧)

　　47．A.includingB．besidesC．except D．regarding

　　48．A.quiet B．excitedC．happyD．a(chǎn)shamed

　　答案　47.C　48.A

　　解析　47.考查常用介詞的辨析。此處表示“除了……之外”,故選C項。句意為：每個人都情緒高漲,只有我的小女兒例外。including包括……在內(nèi)；besides作介詞,意為“除……之外(還)”；except(用于所言不包括的人或事物前)除……外；regarding關(guān)于。48．考查語境選詞。quiet安靜的；excited興奮的；happy高興的；ashamed羞愧的。根據(jù)整句話的意思可知,答案為A項。

　　4．轉(zhuǎn)換詞語辨析

　　此類題的特點是選項中所給的四個詞為表示上下文各種邏輯關(guān)系的轉(zhuǎn)換詞語。這類題主要是考查考生對上下文邏輯關(guān)系的理解,如轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系、讓步關(guān)系、因果關(guān)系、遞進(jìn)關(guān)系、增補(bǔ)關(guān)系、對比關(guān)系等,并考查考生對轉(zhuǎn)換詞語的運(yùn)用能力。

　　1

　　One night this summer,on my way home from work I decided to see a movie.I knew the theatre would be air-conditioned and I couldn’t face my　

　　　1　apartment.Sitting in the theatre I had to　2　the opening between the two tall heads in front of me.I had to keep changing the　3　every time she leaned over to talk to him,　4　he leaned over to kiss her.Why do Americans display such　5　in a public place？I thought the movie would help improve my English,but as it　6　,it was an Italian movie.　7　about an hour I decided to give up the movie and　8　my popcorn.I’ve never understood why they gave me so much popcorn！It tasted pretty good,.

　　With time going by,I understood　10　of the romantic-sounding Italians.I just heard the

　　　11　of the popcorn chewed between my teeth.My thought started to　12　.I remembered when I was in South Korea,I　13　to watch a host on TV frequently.He seemed like a good friend to me,until I saw him　14　on TV in New York speaking　15　English instead of perfect Korean.He didn’t　16　have a Korean accent！I felt like I had been betrayed (背叛)．

　　When our family moved to the United States six years ago,none of us spoke any English.we had picked up a few words,my mother suggested that we all should practise English at home.Everyone agreed,but our house became terribly　18　and we all seemed to avoid each other.When we couldn’t avoid seeing each other,our expressions were stiff (僵硬的)．Sitting at the dinner table we preferred silence toa difficult language.Mother　20　to say something in English but it came out all wrong and we all burst into laughter and decided to forget it！We’ve been speaking Korean at home ever since.

　　1．A.warm

　　B．hotC．heated D．uncomfortable

　　答案　B

　　解析　本句的前一分句提到作者知道劇院中有空調(diào),由此可知作者難以忍受自家房間的“炎熱”。上一句開頭的時間狀語“one night this summer”也是暗示。

　　2．A.wander through

　　B．walk throughC．run through

　　D．look through

　　答案　D

　　解析　由于前面兩個人的個頭很高,作者只能透過他們之間的空隙“觀看”電影。作者當(dāng)時坐在座位上,由此可排除前三項。

　　3．A.room

　　B．seat

　　C．space

　　D．a(chǎn)ngle

　　答案　D

　　解析　每次兩個人的姿勢發(fā)生改變時,作者都不得不變換“角度”,以便看到電影畫面。

　　4．A.however B．but

　　C．or

　　D．a(chǎn)nd

　　答案　C

　　解析　作者前面的兩個人卿卿我我,或者是她側(cè)身和他說話,“或者”是他靠過去與她親吻。

　　5．A.excitement

　　B．feelingC．privacy

　　D．love

　　答案　C

　　解析　作者認(rèn)為即使是親密無間的情侶,也應(yīng)該有所避諱,不能在大庭廣眾之下如此忘乎所以,這種“私密”行為實在讓人難以接受。根據(jù)本句中的“in a public place”可判斷C項正確。

　　6．A.came aboutB．came upC．turned up D．turned out

　　答案　D

　　解析　作者原以為這場電影可以幫助自己提高英語水平,結(jié)果它卻是一部意大利電影。turn out結(jié)果是； come about發(fā)生；come up破土而出；發(fā)生；被提及,被討論；turn up出現(xiàn)。

　　7．A.Within

　　B．After

　　C．For

　　D．Before

　　答案　B

　　解析　作者本想利用電影提高自己的英語水平,沒想到它是一部意大利電影,自然聽不懂其中的內(nèi)容,大約一個小時之“后”,他決定放棄。假如使用for,則表示大約一個小時一直決定放棄,而decide是短暫性動詞,不與時間段連用。

　　8．A.concentrate onB．stare atC．work on

　　D．stick with

　　答案　A

　　解析　作者聽不懂電影的內(nèi)容,于是專心致志地吃爆米花。concentrate on集中精力；stare at盯著看；work on從事,繼續(xù)工作；stick with持續(xù)；堅持。

　　9．A.too

　　B．either

　　C．a(chǎn)nyhow

　　D．somehow

　　答案　C

　　解析　“不管怎樣”,爆米花非常可口。either常用于否定句,表示“也不”； somehow表示“以某種方式,莫名其妙地”。

　　10．A.much

　　B．somethingC．nothing

　　D．a(chǎn)nything

　　答案　C

　　解析　作者不懂意大利語,自然聽不懂里面的內(nèi)容。下一句中的just也是線索提示。

　　11．A.nutrient

　　B．sound

　　C．explosion

　　D．smell

　　答案　B

　　解析　根據(jù)本句中的heard可知,作者聽到的只是牙齒咀嚼爆米花的“聲音”。

　　12．A.stop

　　B．wander C．imagine D．fascinate

　　答案　B

　　解析　下一句提到的是作者小時候發(fā)生的事情,由此可見作者的思緒回到了過去。wander漫游；遐想；imagine想像,主語一般是人；fascinate迷住,使神魂顛倒。

　　13．A.started B．began

　　C．devoted

　　D．used

　　答案　D

　　解析　used to do sth.過去經(jīng)常做某事。前兩項的意思基本相同,可排除；devote to致力于,其中to是介詞,如果選擇此項,要把句中的watch改為watching。

　　14．A.again B．immediatelyC．closely D．clearly

　　答案　A

　　解析　作者小時候經(jīng)常在韓國的電視上看到他,如今作者身在美國,而他也出現(xiàn)在紐約的電視上,由此可推斷是“再次”見到他。

　　15．A.fake

　　B．informal C．perfect

　　D．practical

　　答案　C

　　解析　根據(jù)本句中的“perfect Korean”及下文“He didn’t...have a Korean accent”可判斷此項正確。

　　16．A.even B．a(chǎn)lwaysC．occasionally

　　D．frequently

　　答案　A

　　解析　他說的英語非常完美,十分純正,“甚至”沒有韓國口音。下一句也是線索提示。C項表示“偶爾”；D項表示“經(jīng)常”。

　　17．A.Unless

　　B．If

　　C．Before

　　D．Since

　　答案　D

　　解析　“由于”作者一家人已經(jīng)學(xué)會了一些英語詞匯,作者的母親(就)建議大家在家中練習(xí)說英語。

　　18．A.noisy

　　B．quiet

　　C．exciting

　　D．still

　　答案　B

　　解析　結(jié)合本句中的but以及后一分句的內(nèi)容可知家里變得非?！鞍察o”,大家互相躲避,誰也不愿意說英語。still表示“靜止不動的”,不符合語境。

　　19．A.improving B．readingC．writing D．speaking

　　答案　D

　　解析　一家人坐在餐桌旁寧肯一言不發(fā),也不愿意“說”英語。此處順接上文,也是一個大家不愿說英語的例證。

　　20．A.managed B．happened

　　C．tried D．had

　　答案　C

　　解析　作者的母親“試圖”說英語,可是錯誤百出,讓大家捧腹大笑。manage to do sth.設(shè)法做成某事,強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)果的成功,顯然不正確；happen to do sth.碰巧做某事,不符合所給語境。2

　　(2009·湖北)

　　There was a very special teacher who made a far-reaching difference in my life.

　　“is Mrs. McNamara,my 10th grade English teacher？”He just

　　and said something about my being in 　2　.Soon,I understood what he meant.Mrs. McNamara had a pattern of 　3　 that she repeated again and again.We would have a literature reading task for 　4　.The next day,when we came to class,there would be two or three topics on the blackboard 　5　 to the homework reading.We were 　6　 to write an in-class essay about one of the topics.The following day,she would 　7　 the corrected and graded essays and each person would be called 　8　 to stand in front of the class and to 　9　his/her

　　essay.The class were required to criticize(評論) that essay, the grade of everyone in class would be reduced.

　　The first time that I

　　11

　　her read-write-criticize method,I had not

　　12

　　to do the homework and had written something without knowing what it meant.

　　13

　　the extreme embarrassment I suffered,standing before my classmates,

　　14

　　myself.No one laughed at me；no one would be

　　15

　　enough,or foolish enough,to do that in Mrs. McNamara’s class.The embarrassment came from

　　16

　　and along with it came a strong

　　17

　　not to let it happen again.

　　Mrs. McNamara kept all of our written work in files；it was easy to see the

　　18

　　in writing that had occurred.What was not so easy to see was the inner transformation that had taken place,at least for me.What Mrs. McNamara

　　19

　　me to do was to see myself as others see me and,having done that,I could improve myself.And I

　　20

　　.Thank you,Mrs. McNamara.

　　1．A.nodded

　　B．laughedC．a(chǎn)pologized

　　D．shouted

　　答案　B

　　解析　當(dāng)被問及“我”十年級的英語老師——McNamara夫人是誰時,他沒有正面回答,僅僅是笑了笑,并且說“我”有麻煩了。A項“點頭”,不符合所問問題；C、D兩項與文章內(nèi)容無關(guān)。

　　2．A.trouble

　　B．sorrowC．danger

　　D．a(chǎn)nger

　　答案　A

　　解析　從下文內(nèi)容看,老師的教學(xué)方法可能會給作者帶來“麻煩”。

　　3．A.behaviour

　　B．evaluationC．a(chǎn)ctivity

　　D．thought

　　答案　C

　　解析　a pattern of activity一種(課堂)活動模式。that引導(dǎo)定語從句,修飾activity。A項“行為”；B項“評估；評價”；D項“思想”。

　　4．A.review

　　B．performanceC．practice

　　D．homework

　　答案　D

　　解析　由后文的the homework,以及do the homework可知,a literature reading task就是我們每天的“家庭作業(yè)”。

　　5．A.added

　　B．relatedC．contributed

　　D．compared

　　答案　B

　　解析　本題考查動詞的非謂語形式作定語。added to被添加到……；related to與……有關(guān)；contributed to被捐獻(xiàn)給……；compared to被比作……,此處指黑板上總是有兩三個與所閱讀的作業(yè)有關(guān)的題目。

　　6．A.expected

　　B．persuadedC．a(chǎn)llowed

　　D．a(chǎn)dvised

　　答案　A

　　解析　由上文可知,讀了文章,給出了題目,接下來我們“被要求”當(dāng)堂就其中某一題目寫一篇作文。expect要求。

　　7．A.collect

　　B．return

　　C．send

　　D．receive

　　答案　B

　　解析　return歸還。此處指她在第二天再把已修改過和打了分?jǐn)?shù)的作文發(fā)給我們。

　　8．A.on purpose

　　B．a(chǎn)t firstC．by chance D．in turn

　　答案　D

　　解析　既然是人人都參與的活動,當(dāng)然是被“逐個”點名站在全班同學(xué)面前大聲讀出自己的作文。in turn輪流；逐個,符合語境；on purpose故意地；at first起初,起先；by chance碰巧。

　　9．A.talk through

　　B．hand overC．read outD．show off

　　答案　C

　　解析　由下一句內(nèi)容可知,只有“讀出”自己的作文,同學(xué)們才能加以評論。read out大聲讀出,朗讀；talk through把某事談透；hand over移交；show off炫耀。

　　10．A.so

　　B．a(chǎn)nd

　　C．butD．or

　　答案　D

　　解析　班里的同學(xué)都要評論他/她的作文,要不然全班同學(xué)的分?jǐn)?shù)就會降低。

　　11．A.tried

　　B．a(chǎn)doptedC．examined

　　D．experienced

　　答案　D

　　解析　由文章內(nèi)容看,作者是在講述自己過去的一段“經(jīng)歷”。experience在此處為動詞。