2024屆高考英語一輪總復(fù)習(xí)單元精選測試系列資料（十六）

　　Ⅰ.語法填空

　　Sport not only is physically challenging，but it can also be mentally challenging.Criticism (批評) from coaches，parents，and 　1　 teammates，as well as pressure to win can create 　2　 excessive (過度的) amount of anxiety or stress for young athletes (運動員).Stress can be physical，emotional，or psychological (心理的)，and it can lead to burnout.Burnout has been described 　3　 dropping or quitting of an activity 　4　 was at one time enjoyable.

　　The early years of development are critical years for 　5　 (learn) about oneself.The sport setting is one where 　6　(value) experiences can take place.Young athletes can，for example，learn how to work together with others，make friends，and gain other social skills that will 　7　 (use) throughout their lives.Coaches and parents should be aware，at all times， that their feedback to youngsters can 　8　 (great) affect their children.Youngsters may take their parents' and coaches' criticisms to heart and find a flaw (缺陷) in 　9　.

　　Coaches and parents should also be careful that youth sport participation (參與) doesn't become the work for children.The result of the game should be 　10　 important than the process of learning the sport and other life lessons.

　　1.解析：其他的。

　　答案：other

　　2.解析：excessive是元音開頭，所以用an。

　　答案：an

　　3.解析：be described as被描述成、被認(rèn)為。

　　答案：as

　　4.解析：這是定語從句。

　　答案：that/which

　　5.解析：介詞后面用v.-ing。

　　答案：learning

　　6.解析：修飾名詞用形容詞。

　　答案：valuable

　　7.解析：skills是被用的，所以用被動語態(tài)。

　　答案：be used

　　8.解析：修飾affect，所以用副詞。

　　答案：greatly

　　9.解析：用反身代詞，說明flaw是在youngsters中的。

　　答案：themselves

　　10.解析：從文中看出the result of the game沒有the process of learning the sport and other

　　life lessons重要。

　　答案：less

　　.閱讀理解

　　A chicken or egg question about the early universe has been answered by astronomers who say black holes came before galaxies(星系).

　　Most if not all galaxies，including our own Milky Way，are believed to have massive black holes in their central parts.But did the black holes come first，helping to build galaxies by pulling material towards them，or did they arise in the centre of already formed galaxies？According to new research focusing on the first billion years of the universe's history，the former is most likely to be true.

　　“It looks like the black holes came first，”said Dr Chris Carilli，from the US National Radio Astronomy Observatory，who took part in the study.“The evidence is piling up.”

　　Earlier studies had revealed a link between the masses of black holes and the central “bulges” of stars and gas in galaxies.Generally，the black hole's mass was seen to be about one 1,000th the mass of the surrounding galactic bulge.This indicated a relationship between the black hole and the bulge.What was not clear was whether one grew before the other，or whether they grew together.

　　New radio telescope observations reaching back almost to the birth of the first galaxies may have answered that question.Radio waves received from these galaxies and traveling at the speed of light were sent out about a billion years after the Big Bang (大爆炸)which started the universe.These young distant galaxies had much larger black holes in relation to their bulge mass than older and closer galaxies.

　　“The implication is that the black holes started growing first，”said Dr Fabian Walter，from the Max-Planck Institute for Radio Astronomy in Germany.

　　The next challenge is to work out how the black hole and the bulge affect each other's growth，said the astronomers.

　　語篇解讀：天文學(xué)上也有一個“先有雞還是先有雞蛋”的問題，即黑洞和星系哪一個先出現(xiàn)，對此科學(xué)家給出了答案。

　　1.What would be the best title for this passage？

　　A.How scientists observe the early universe

　　B.Which came first，black holes or galaxies

　　C.Some evidence about black holes and galaxies

　　D.A funny question about the early universe

　　解析：主旨大意題。本文主要是關(guān)于科學(xué)家對黑洞和星系哪一個先出現(xiàn)這個問題的研究成果，故答案為B。

　　答案：B

　　2.The underlined word “revealed” in Paragraph 4 can be replaced by .

　　A.expected

　　B.formed

　　C.started

　　D.shown

　　解析：詞義猜測題。根據(jù)本段后面的內(nèi)容可知，這是早期研究的結(jié)果，故reveal表示“顯示”，答案為D。

　　答案：D

　　3.The difference in size between the black hole's mass and the mass of the surrounding galactic bulge is .

　　A.usually fixed

　　B.so far unknown

　　C.very likely to change

　　D.very unbalanced

　　解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“Generally，the black hole's mass was seen to be about one 1,000th the mass of the surrounding galactic bulge.”可知，答案為A。

　　答案：A

　　4.Which is the next question astronomers have to answer according to the passage？A.Why the black hole started growing first.

　　B.What the relationship between the black hole and other stars is.

　　C.How the black hole and the bulge affect each other's growth.

　　D.When and how the earliest stars and galaxies began to form.

　　解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)末段“The next challenge is to work out how the black hole

　　and the bulge affect each other's growth...”可知，答案為C。答案：C

　　5.What can we conclude from this passage？

　　A.The universe has a history of about one billion years.

　　B.Scientists know little about how the universe was formed.

　　C.Research on black holes has been carried out for decades.

　　D.Scientists have found some valuable

　　evidence by analyzing radio waves.

　　解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段“New radio telescope observations...may have answered that question.”可知，答案為D。

　　答案：D

　　.信息匹配

　　閱讀下列應(yīng)用文及相關(guān)信息，并按照要求匹配信息。

　　以下是英語電影的名稱及內(nèi)容簡介：

　　A.Birth of a Nation

　　Birth of a Nation was the most popular film or the silent era.The message in the film was that African Americans could never be integrated into the white society as equals.Race violence directed against African Americans took place in many cities.In the South，African Americans were only allowed to go to separate schools，hotels，and restaurants.

　　B.Gone with the Wind

　　Gone with the Wind was

　　the costliest and most popular film of Hollywood's Golden Era.Producer David Selznick had promised that the film would be free of any anti-Negro ideas.Although it did not use white actors in blackface，like Birth of a Nation，its picture of enslaved African Americans as loyal but scatter-brained house servants and clumsy field hands was what the white thought the black ought to be then.

　　C.Glory

　　Glory offers a powerful retelling of the story of the first black regiment (團(tuán)) during the American Civil War.Half the regiment's men were killed or wounded in the war，but

　　it dramatically demonstrated the courage of African American troops in battle.However，the film failed to describe the larger historical context of the Civil War.

　　D.Amistad

　　The Steven Spielberg film is about a historical event.In 1839，a group of Africans were captured and shipped to the Spanish colony of Cuba.During trans-shipment to nearby sugar plantations,53 slaves overpowered the crew.The captives then ordered the two men who had purchased them to navigate the ship toward Africa.At night，however，the men sailed the ship northward and westward.The case ultimately went to the Supreme Court.In 1841，the Court freed the captives.

　　E.Beloved

　　The film is based on Margaret Garner's story of killing her own two-year-old daughter Mary.Margaret Garner said that she had intended to kill her other children rather than see them returned to slavery.She later explained that she wanted to “end their sufferings” rather than see them returned to bondage and “murdered by piecemeal”.No other work has so powerfully examined the interior life of a former slave.

　　F.Schindler's List

　　The film concerns the lives of a thousand Jews during World War Ⅱ.The film shows，unforgettably，how one man does make a difference.Schindler proves that man's morality and humanity are always alive.“Save one life，save the world entire.”The heavy tone and fearful atmosphere of the film are heightened by black-and-white cinematography.

　　以下是與電影相關(guān)的評論文章標(biāo)題，請匹配標(biāo)題與它們所對應(yīng)的電影：

　　1.Inner Hurt

　　2.International Slave Trade

　　3.Civil Rights

　　4.Blacks with Low Abilities

　　5.Brave Blacks

　　答案：1～5　EDABC

　　2024屆高考英語一輪總復(fù)習(xí)單元精選測試系列資料（十六）

　　Ⅰ.語法填空

　　Sport not only is physically challenging，but it can also be mentally challenging.Criticism (批評) from coaches，parents，and 　1　 teammates，as well as pressure to win can create 　2　 excessive (過度的) amount of anxiety or stress for young athletes (運動員).Stress can be physical，emotional，or psychological (心理的)，and it can lead to burnout.Burnout has been described 　3　 dropping or quitting of an activity 　4　 was at one time enjoyable.

　　The early years of development are critical years for 　5　 (learn) about oneself.The sport setting is one where 　6　(value) experiences can take place.Young athletes can，for example，learn how to work together with others，make friends，and gain other social skills that will 　7　 (use) throughout their lives.Coaches and parents should be aware，at all times， that their feedback to youngsters can 　8　 (great) affect their children.Youngsters may take their parents' and coaches' criticisms to heart and find a flaw (缺陷) in 　9　.

　　Coaches and parents should also be careful that youth sport participation (參與) doesn't become the work for children.The result of the game should be 　10　 important than the process of learning the sport and other life lessons.

　　1.解析：其他的。

　　答案：other

　　2.解析：excessive是元音開頭，所以用an。

　　答案：an

　　3.解析：be described as被描述成、被認(rèn)為。

　　答案：as

　　4.解析：這是定語從句。

　　答案：that/which

　　5.解析：介詞后面用v.-ing。

　　答案：learning

　　6.解析：修飾名詞用形容詞。

　　答案：valuable

　　7.解析：skills是被用的，所以用被動語態(tài)。

　　答案：be used

　　8.解析：修飾affect，所以用副詞。

　　答案：greatly

　　9.解析：用反身代詞，說明flaw是在youngsters中的。

　　答案：themselves

　　10.解析：從文中看出the result of the game沒有the process of learning the sport and other

　　life lessons重要。

　　答案：less

　　.閱讀理解

　　A chicken or egg question about the early universe has been answered by astronomers who say black holes came before galaxies(星系).

　　Most if not all galaxies，including our own Milky Way，are believed to have massive black holes in their central parts.But did the black holes come first，helping to build galaxies by pulling material towards them，or did they arise in the centre of already formed galaxies？According to new research focusing on the first billion years of the universe's history，the former is most likely to be true.

　　“It looks like the black holes came first，”said Dr Chris Carilli，from the US National Radio Astronomy Observatory，who took part in the study.“The evidence is piling up.”

　　Earlier studies had revealed a link between the masses of black holes and the central “bulges” of stars and gas in galaxies.Generally，the black hole's mass was seen to be about one 1,000th the mass of the surrounding galactic bulge.This indicated a relationship between the black hole and the bulge.What was not clear was whether one grew before the other，or whether they grew together.

　　New radio telescope observations reaching back almost to the birth of the first galaxies may have answered that question.Radio waves received from these galaxies and traveling at the speed of light were sent out about a billion years after the Big Bang (大爆炸)which started the universe.These young distant galaxies had much larger black holes in relation to their bulge mass than older and closer galaxies.

　　“The implication is that the black holes started growing first，”said Dr Fabian Walter，from the Max-Planck Institute for Radio Astronomy in Germany.

　　The next challenge is to work out how the black hole and the bulge affect each other's growth，said the astronomers.

　　語篇解讀：天文學(xué)上也有一個“先有雞還是先有雞蛋”的問題，即黑洞和星系哪一個先出現(xiàn)，對此科學(xué)家給出了答案。

　　1.What would be the best title for this passage？

　　A.How scientists observe the early universe

　　B.Which came first，black holes or galaxies

　　C.Some evidence about black holes and galaxies

　　D.A funny question about the early universe

　　解析：主旨大意題。本文主要是關(guān)于科學(xué)家對黑洞和星系哪一個先出現(xiàn)這個問題的研究成果，故答案為B。

　　答案：B

　　2.The underlined word “revealed” in Paragraph 4 can be replaced by .

　　A.expected

　　B.formed

　　C.started

　　D.shown

　　解析：詞義猜測題。根據(jù)本段后面的內(nèi)容可知，這是早期研究的結(jié)果，故reveal表示“顯示”，答案為D。

　　答案：D

　　3.The difference in size between the black hole's mass and the mass of the surrounding galactic bulge is .

　　A.usually fixed

　　B.so far unknown

　　C.very likely to change

　　D.very unbalanced

　　解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“Generally，the black hole's mass was seen to be about one 1,000th the mass of the surrounding galactic bulge.”可知，答案為A。

　　答案：A

　　4.Which is the next question astronomers have to answer according to the passage？A.Why the black hole started growing first.

　　B.What the relationship between the black hole and other stars is.

　　C.How the black hole and the bulge affect each other's growth.

　　D.When and how the earliest stars and galaxies began to form.

　　解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)末段“The next challenge is to work out how the black hole

　　and the bulge affect each other's growth...”可知，答案為C。答案：C

　　5.What can we conclude from this passage？

　　A.The universe has a history of about one billion years.

　　B.Scientists know little about how the universe was formed.

　　C.Research on black holes has been carried out for decades.

　　D.Scientists have found some valuable

　　evidence by analyzing radio waves.

　　解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段“New radio telescope observations...may have answered that question.”可知，答案為D。

　　答案：D

　　.信息匹配

　　閱讀下列應(yīng)用文及相關(guān)信息，并按照要求匹配信息。

　　以下是英語電影的名稱及內(nèi)容簡介：

　　A.Birth of a Nation

　　Birth of a Nation was the most popular film or the silent era.The message in the film was that African Americans could never be integrated into the white society as equals.Race violence directed against African Americans took place in many cities.In the South，African Americans were only allowed to go to separate schools，hotels，and restaurants.

　　B.Gone with the Wind

　　Gone with the Wind was

　　the costliest and most popular film of Hollywood's Golden Era.Producer David Selznick had promised that the film would be free of any anti-Negro ideas.Although it did not use white actors in blackface，like Birth of a Nation，its picture of enslaved African Americans as loyal but scatter-brained house servants and clumsy field hands was what the white thought the black ought to be then.

　　C.Glory

　　Glory offers a powerful retelling of the story of the first black regiment (團(tuán)) during the American Civil War.Half the regiment's men were killed or wounded in the war，but

　　it dramatically demonstrated the courage of African American troops in battle.However，the film failed to describe the larger historical context of the Civil War.

　　D.Amistad

　　The Steven Spielberg film is about a historical event.In 1839，a group of Africans were captured and shipped to the Spanish colony of Cuba.During trans-shipment to nearby sugar plantations,53 slaves overpowered the crew.The captives then ordered the two men who had purchased them to navigate the ship toward Africa.At night，however，the men sailed the ship northward and westward.The case ultimately went to the Supreme Court.In 1841，the Court freed the captives.

　　E.Beloved

　　The film is based on Margaret Garner's story of killing her own two-year-old daughter Mary.Margaret Garner said that she had intended to kill her other children rather than see them returned to slavery.She later explained that she wanted to “end their sufferings” rather than see them returned to bondage and “murdered by piecemeal”.No other work has so powerfully examined the interior life of a former slave.

　　F.Schindler's List

　　The film concerns the lives of a thousand Jews during World War Ⅱ.The film shows，unforgettably，how one man does make a difference.Schindler proves that man's morality and humanity are always alive.“Save one life，save the world entire.”The heavy tone and fearful atmosphere of the film are heightened by black-and-white cinematography.

　　以下是與電影相關(guān)的評論文章標(biāo)題，請匹配標(biāo)題與它們所對應(yīng)的電影：

　　1.Inner Hurt

　　2.International Slave Trade

　　3.Civil Rights

　　4.Blacks with Low Abilities

　　5.Brave Blacks

　　答案：1～5　EDABC