2024屆高考英語(yǔ)一輪單元總復(fù)習(xí)教案精品薈萃:外研版必修一Module 4《A Social Survey—My Neighbourhood》
2024屆高考英語(yǔ)一輪單元總復(fù)習(xí)講義精品薈萃外研版必修一Module 4
知識(shí)詳解
① approach v. 接近;靠近;走近 n. 接近;通路;方法
(回歸課本P32)Now we’re leaving the business district and approaching the harbour.
現(xiàn)在我們正離開(kāi)商業(yè)區(qū),快到海港了。
approach sth./sb.靠近,接近某事/某人
at the approach of在……將到的時(shí)候
approach sb.about /on sth.為某事與某人打交道an /the approach to...……的方法/步驟
【歸納總結(jié)】
① As we approached
the lamb,it was frightened away.
我們走近小羊時(shí),它被嚇跑了。
② The best approach to learning a foreign language is the study of the spoken language.
學(xué)習(xí)外語(yǔ)的最好的途徑是學(xué)口語(yǔ)。
③The leaves were turning brown with the approach of autumn.
隨著秋天的臨近,樹(shù)葉變成了褐色。
④All the approaches to the airport were blocked by the police.
所有通往機(jī)場(chǎng)的路都被警方封鎖了。
【例句探源】
1.At the class meeting they discussed three different________to the study of English.
A.a(chǎn)pproachesB.means
C.methods
D.ways
解析:選A。句意是:在班會(huì)上,他們談?wù)摿巳N不同的英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)方法。根據(jù)后面的介詞to可知,此題要用approaches。means,method和way雖然都表示相同的意義,但它們后面常接of doing或to do。
【即境活用】
2.完成句子
__________________ the problem has not been worked out.
這個(gè)問(wèn)題的解決方法還沒(méi)有制訂出來(lái)。
答案:The approach to
② exchange vt.& vi.& n. 交換,交流,兌換
(回歸課本P37)There are museums, cinemas,theatres,art galleries,parks, coffee bars,clubs and many other places where people can meet and exchange ideas.
人們可以在博物館、電影院、劇院、美術(shù)館、公園、咖啡館、俱樂(lè)部以及許多其他的地方見(jiàn)面并交流思想。
exchange A for B 以A 換 B
exchange sth.with sb.同某人交換某物
in exchange for 以……換……
make an exchange交換
exchange words爭(zhēng)吵,吵架
【歸納總結(jié)】
【例句探源】
①We exchanged our opinions about the event at the meeting.
在會(huì)上,我們就此事交換了意見(jiàn)。
②He gave me an apple in exchange for an orange.
他給我一個(gè)蘋(píng)果,交換一個(gè)橙子。
③We’ll have an opportunity to exchange views with our teachers tomorrow.
明天我們將有機(jī)會(huì)與老師交換看法。
④They have offered to release the hostages, but what do they want in exchange?
他們提出可以釋放人質(zhì),但他們想要什么作為交換?
【易混辨析】
change, exchange
(1)change 通常指一個(gè)人或一件東西的本質(zhì)、狀態(tài)、外表或形狀等方面的根本“改變”。另外change 表示“換去”,不是“換來(lái)”,如自行車(chē)舊了,換輛新的,不能說(shuō)change a new bike,要說(shuō)change the old bike。
(2)exchange表示兩人或雙方相互交換,交換的對(duì)象可以是具體的人或事物,也可以是抽象的行為動(dòng)作,表示行為動(dòng)作的名詞通常是復(fù)數(shù)形式,有時(shí)也可用單數(shù)形式。
①His new shoes didn’t fit so he took them back to the shop and changed them.
②Would you mind exchanging places with me so that I can be nearer (to) the fire?
3.He________his old car for a new model as soon as he had won the money.
A.exchangedB.replaced
C.translated
D.removed
解析:選A。句意是:他贏了錢(qián)后就把他的舊車(chē)換成了新車(chē)。此句要用exchange 構(gòu)成exchange...for...短語(yǔ)表示“把……換成……”。replace 替換,后面的介詞要用with;translate 翻譯成;remove除掉。
【即境活用】
③ afford vt. 買(mǎi)得起,有能力支付;(有時(shí)間)做;承擔(dān)得起(后果);提供,給予
(回歸課本P39)
The price of homes goes up and people from the area cannot afford to buy a house there.
房子價(jià)格上漲,那一地區(qū)的人們?cè)诔抢镔I(mǎi)不起房子。
【歸納總結(jié)】
afford to do sth.負(fù)擔(dān)得起干……(費(fèi)用)
【例句探源】
①Television affords pleasure to many people.
電視給很多人帶來(lái)樂(lè)趣。
②We can’t afford to go on vacation this year.
今年我們沒(méi)錢(qián)去度假。
③(高考重慶卷)I was concerned that he might have no money and not be able to afford something to eat.
我擔(dān)心他可能沒(méi)有錢(qián),買(mǎi)不起吃的東西。
【即境活用】
4. If we could________three weeks, we’d like to go abroad for our holidays.
A.a(chǎn)ffordB.take
C.cost
D.spend
解析:選A。根據(jù)句意“如是我們能抽出三周時(shí)間就會(huì)去國(guó)外度假”知應(yīng)選A。
5.完成句子
We ____________________such a price.
我們支付不起這個(gè)價(jià)。
答案:can’t afford to pay
④ survive vt. 比……活得長(zhǎng),幸免于
vi. 死里逃生,大難不死
(回歸課本P39)
All these things mean that many villages in western Europe are fighting to survive.
所有這些都意味著西歐許多村莊都在為生存而斗爭(zhēng)。
【歸納總結(jié)】
survive sth.從(事故/火災(zāi)/地震等)……中幸存下來(lái)
survive sb.比……活的時(shí)間長(zhǎng)/壽命長(zhǎng)
survive on sth.靠……繼續(xù)維持生活
①Those who survived the Wenchuan earthquake have received timely aid.
那些在汶川地震中幸存下來(lái)的人獲得了及時(shí)的救助。
②The old man was the only person who survived in the plane crash.
這位老人是飛機(jī)墜毀事件中的唯一生還者。
③I don’t know how you all manage to survive on Jeremy’s salary.
我真不知道你們只靠杰里米的薪金是怎樣過(guò)活的。
④Scientific research shows that women tend to survive their husbands.
科學(xué)研究表明婦女往往比她們的丈夫壽命長(zhǎng)。
【例句探源】
【即境活用】
6.Little Tom was the only one of his family to________that big earthquake.
A.remainB.leave
C.live
D.survive
解析:選D。句意:小湯姆是這家人在那次大地震中幸存的唯一一位。survive“幸存,存活”。
7.完成句子
There are concerns that the refugees may not ______________________.
人們擔(dān)心那些難民可能熬不過(guò)冬天。
答案:survive the winter
⑤ contact n. 接觸,聯(lián)系;交往,熟人關(guān)系
vt.& vi. 聯(lián)絡(luò),聯(lián)系(某人)
(回歸課本P40)Contact your neighbourhood committee.
聯(lián)系一下你所在的居委會(huì)。
【歸納總結(jié)】
make contact with (想辦法)聯(lián)絡(luò),聯(lián)系(人)
get into/in contact with與……取得聯(lián)系
lose contact with與……失去聯(lián)系
be in /out of contact with與……有(沒(méi)有)聯(lián)系
keep in contact with與……保持聯(lián)系
①Please contact/make contact with me if you have any questions.
如果有問(wèn)題請(qǐng)和我聯(lián)系。
②You’d better get into contact with him as soon as possible.
你最好盡快跟他聯(lián)系。
③We stay in contact with each other by telephone.
我們通過(guò)電話保持聯(lián)系。
【例句探源】
【即境活用】
8.The journalist had________in Paris and he managed to get into________with her.
A.contact;contactB.a(chǎn) contact;a contact
C.contact;a contact
D.a(chǎn) contact;contact
解析:選D。contact 作“熟人”講時(shí)是可數(shù)名詞,前面加不定冠詞 a;get into contact with是固定搭配,此時(shí)不需要任何冠詞。
9.完成句子
Have you been _______________him recently?
你最近和他有聯(lián)系嗎?
答案:in contact with
⑥ put up 修建;張貼;(為……)提供膳宿;提高(價(jià)錢(qián))
(回歸課本P32)They’ve
put up a lot of highrise buildings recently.
最近,他們建起了許多摩天大廈。
put away收拾;儲(chǔ)存(錢(qián))
put aside儲(chǔ)存;留出;把……放在一邊暫不考慮
put forward提出(意見(jiàn)、建議等)
put off延期;推遲
put on假裝;表演,上演(戲劇);穿上,戴上
put out 熄滅,撲滅
put up with忍受,忍耐
put down批評(píng);寫(xiě)下,記下;鎮(zhèn)壓
【歸納總結(jié)】
①They are putting up several new buildings in that block.
他們正在那一街區(qū)建幾幢新樓房。
②The names of the successful candidates will be put up on the college notice board.
錄取名單將公布在學(xué)院布告欄里。
③They agreed to put
two foreign students up over the summer.
他們同意夏季為兩個(gè)外國(guó)留學(xué)生提供膳宿。
【例句探源】
【即境活用】
10.(高考陜西卷)A notice was________in order to remind the students of the changed lecture time.
A.sent upB.given up
C.set up
D.put up
解析:選D。句意是:通知已張貼出來(lái)了,目的是為了提醒學(xué)生講座時(shí)間已改變。根據(jù)notice(通知)與動(dòng)詞的搭配特點(diǎn)可知,空白處要用put up 表示“張貼”。send up“發(fā)射”;give up“放棄”;set up“建立”。
11.用適當(dāng)?shù)慕?副詞填空
(1)He puts ____________ some money for old age every month.
答案:away/aside
(2)The meeting will be put __________ till next week.
答案:off
(3)He isn’t really that upset;he is just putting it __________.
答案:on
(4)I don’t know how she puts up __________ his cruelty to her.
答案:with
⑦ a great many/a number of 許多,大量
(回歸課本P38) A great many things means...
許多事情意味著……
【歸納總結(jié)】
【例句探源】
①Stop complaining! A good many people would be happy to have work.
別發(fā)牢騷了!很多人有工作做就感到滿足了。
②A great many of these books have been published this year.
今年許多這種書(shū)已出版了。
③It seems that a great many people are out of work because of the economic crisis.
由于經(jīng)濟(jì)危機(jī),好像現(xiàn)在很多人已失業(yè)了。
④I’ve seen the movie a number of times.
那部電影我已看過(guò)好多次了。
the number of,a number of
(1)the number of 意為“……的數(shù)量”,作主語(yǔ)時(shí)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。
(2)a number of 意為“許多,大量”,作主語(yǔ)時(shí)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式。
①The number of people invited was one hundred,but a number of them were absent for different reasons.
②A_number_of products on his farm are transported to the big cities.
【易混辨析】
【即境活用】
12.(高考山東卷)The number of foreign students attending Chinese universities________rising steadily since 1997.
A.is B.a(chǎn)re
C.has been
D.have been
解析:選C。the number of +n.作主語(yǔ)時(shí),其謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。由since 1997可知句子的時(shí)態(tài)應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。
13. (高考江西卷)Last year the number of students who graduated with a driving licence reached 200,000,a(n)____________of 40,000 per year.
A.a(chǎn)verage
B.number
C.a(chǎn)mount
D.quantity
解析:選A。句意:去年拿到駕照的學(xué)員數(shù)量達(dá)到了20萬(wàn),平均每年4萬(wàn)。an average of...……的平均數(shù);a number of 許多,大量;an amount of 許多,大量;a quantity of 許多,大量。
⑧ get away from 離開(kāi);逃脫;擺脫
(回歸課本P37)...there are times when I need to get out into the countryside and get away from the noise...
……有時(shí)候我需要到鄉(xiāng)下,去擺脫這些噪音……
【歸納總結(jié)】
get away 走開(kāi),逃離;外出
get away with sth.做(錯(cuò)事)而未被發(fā)覺(jué)/未受懲罰get over從(病或損失等)中恢復(fù)過(guò)來(lái)
get down to (doing)sth.著手做某事
①I(mǎi) think we are getting away from the topic.
我想我們正偏離話題。
②He managed to get away from the cheat.
他設(shè)法擺脫了那個(gè)騙子。
③All the people in the office will have got away by 6 o’clock.
6點(diǎn)前辦公室里所有的人都將已離開(kāi)。
④(朗文P867)It took him a week to get over the flu.
從流感中恢復(fù)過(guò)來(lái)花了他一周時(shí)間。
【例句探源】
【即境活用】
14.The meeting lasted as long as three hours and I couldn’t ________it until 10 p.m..
A.get away from B.get away with
C.run away with
D.do away with
解析:選A。get away from“擺脫開(kāi)”;get away with“做錯(cuò)事卻未受懲罰”;run away with“失去控制,使按捺不住”; do away with表示“廢除”。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境答案為A,表示開(kāi)會(huì)脫不開(kāi)身。
句型梳理
① 【教材原句】 It’s been six years since we last saw each other,you know.(P32)
你知道自從上次我們見(jiàn)面以來(lái)已經(jīng)六年了。
【句法分析】 (1)It+be+時(shí)間段+since...句型意為“自從……以來(lái)已經(jīng)有多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間了”。主句常用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)或一般現(xiàn)在時(shí),從句用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。
①I(mǎi)t has been a year since we last met.
自從我們上次相遇至今已有一年了。
(2)It+be+時(shí)間段+before...句型意為“一段時(shí)間后才/就……”。主句若是一般將來(lái)時(shí),從句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí);若主句是一般過(guò)去時(shí),從句也用過(guò)去時(shí)。例如: