Unit 2　English around the world

　　Ⅰ.單詞拼寫

　　1．________(實際上), it was based more on German than current English.

　　2．At his________(請求), we delayed our performance.

　　3．It cleared up________(逐漸地)．

　　4．I can________(辨認出)you according to your voice.

　　5．He went________(直接)to school after breakfast.

　　6．I know he came from the south by his a________.

　　7．The i________of the killer is still unknown.

　　8．It is known that reading extensively can increase one's v______.

　　9．Judging from his accent, he is a n________of Beijing.

　　10．Can you explain the u________of the word to me, please?

　　答案：1.Actually　2.request　3.gradually　4.recognize

　　5．straight　6.accent　7.identity　8.vocabulary　9.native

　　10．usage

　　Ⅱ.句型轉換

　　1．Some of the students in my class work hard at all the subjects.

　　________ ________ ________ ________in my class work hard at all the subjects.

　　2．When the birds in the tree heard the gunshot, they flew in all directions.

　　When the birds in the tree heard the gunshot, they flew________ ________ ________.

　　3．She suggested our going to the park this weekend.

　　She suggested that we________ ________to the park this weekend.

　　4．Many people watched the opening ceremony of the 11th National Games on TV.

　　________ ________ ________people watched the opening ceremony of the 11th National Games on TV.

　　5．The two cars are of the same size, but are of different colors.

　　The two cars are of the same size, but are different________ ________.

　　答案：1.Not all the students　2.in every direction　3.should go

　　4．A number of　5.in color

　　Ⅲ.單項填空

　　1．—Did you get________part that you tried out for in the play?

　　—No, someone else got it, but I got________better part.

　　A．the; aB．the; the

　　C．a; the

　　D．a; a

　　答案：A　句意：“你得到了那個在戲劇中試演的角色了嗎？”“沒有，別人得到了那個角色，不過我得到一個更好的。”前句part“角色”后面有修飾語限定，故前面用定冠詞the；后句泛指“得到了一個更好的角色”，故填a。

　　2．Only one student passed the exam，________John.

　　A．such as

　　B．especially

　　C．namely

　　D．equally

　　答案：C　這里空后的John就是上文所說的“only one student”，所以選namely(也就是，即)。句意：只有一個學生通過了考試，也就是約翰。such as“例如，像……這樣”，常用來羅列同類中的幾個例子；especially“尤其是”；equally“相等地；平等地”。

　　3．Many questions________in today's maths class, which was more than the new teacher had expected.

　　A．came up

　　B．raised

　　C．rose

　　D．was come up

　　答案：A　考查come up的用法。句意：(學生們)在今天的數學課上提了很多問題，這是新老師所沒有預料到的。come up在此意為“被提出”，不能用于被動語態。

　　4．Experts warn that global warming will cause dramatic climate changes including more________floods, heat waves and droughts.

　　A．frequent

　　B．usual

　　C．ordinary

　　D．common

　　答案：A　frequent意為“頻繁的；常見的”，此處指全球氣溫變暖所帶來的更頻繁的洪水、熱浪和干旱。usual意為“習慣性的，通常的”；ordinary“普通的”；common“平常的，共同的”，均不符合題意。

　　5．Good use________the natural resources to improve people's life in this area.

　　A．has been made of

　　B．has made of

　　C．has made

　　D．has been made

　　答案：A　考查短語make use of的變式及語態。句意：在這一地區，為了改善人們的生活，自然資源已經被人們充分利用了。由make good use of這一短語可知，選帶of的選項；再由語態可知選A項。

　　6．David said that it was________his strong interest in literature that he chose the course.

　　A．in spite of

　　B．because of

　　C．because

　　D．instead of

　　答案：B　it was...that...強調原因狀語，由于“his strong interest”為名詞，故用because of。句意：戴維說就是因為他對文學有濃厚的興趣，他才選擇了這門課程。

　　7．—How can we go to the island twenty miles off the coast, sir?

　　—I'm afraid you can't get there________by boat.

　　A．more than

　　B．rather than

　　C．other than

　　D．better than

　　答案：C　other than意為“除了”，此處表示“恐怕除了乘船以外你無法到達那里”，即“你只有乘船才能到達那里”。more than“多于，僅僅”；rather than“而不是”；better than“超過，好于”，均不符合題意。

　　8．The professor can hardly find sufficient grounds______his argument in favor of the theory.

　　A．which to base on

　　B．on which to base

　　C．to base on which

　　D．which to be based

　　答案：B　考查“介詞＋which＋to do”結構。句意：教授幾乎不能找到足夠的理由支持他的理論。base on意為“基于，作為……的基礎”。

　　9．It was raining hard. Little Tom felt cold, so he stood______to his mother.

　　A．close

　　B．closely

　　C．closed

　　D．nearly

　　答案：A　考查close的用法。close和closely均可用作副詞，指“接近，靠近”，但使用場合不同；close多用來修飾由介詞引導的短語，如get/stand close to...；而closely則用來修飾動詞或過去分詞，意為“緊密地，密切地”，如：I'm following the matter closely.。

　　10．Have you realized the part the computer has________in the daily life?

　　A．made

　　B．given

　　C．caused

　　D．played

　　答案：D　考查動詞與名詞的搭配。play a part in...表示“在……中起作用”，此處the computer has played in the daily life為定語從句，修飾the part。句意：你意識到電腦在我們的日常生活中所起的作用了嗎？

　　11．He commanded that all the gates________to search for the spy.

　　A．should shut

　　B．would be shut

　　C．shut

　　D．be shut

　　答案：D　考查command后跟虛擬語氣。command后跟that從句，從句要用虛擬語氣，即should＋動詞原形，其中should可以省略。

　　12．I won't give you any help________you tell me the truth.It's none of my business.

　　A．unless

　　B．since

　　C．as if

　　D．even if

　　答案：D　考查連詞。句意：即使你告訴我事實，我也不會幫助你的。這不關我的事。even if“即使”；unless“除非”；since“自從”；as if“好像”。

　　13．He seems to be a learned man.________， he knows nothing at all.

　　A．Indeed

　　B．Surely

　　C．Truly

　　D．Actually

　　答案：D　考查副詞辨析。indeed“真正地”；surely“的確地”；truly“真正地”；actually“事實上，實際上”。句意：他看上去是一個博學的人，實際上他一無所知。

　　14．Though I hadn't seen John for five years or so, I________his voice as soon as I picked up my phone.

　　A．recognized

　　B．knew

　　C．realized

　　D．discovered

　　答案：A　句意：盡管我和約翰已經有五年左右沒有見面了，但是我一接電話就辨別出了他的聲音。recognize強調從記憶中搜索到，辨認出人、物、聲音、方位等。最大的干擾項realize強調潛意識中注意到、理解、領會。

　　15．—What do you think of my work, Miss White?

　　—I'll come to the point________—your work isn't good enough.

　　A．friendly

　　B．politely

　　C．rudely

　　D．straight

　　答案：D　由后面的評價“your work isn't good enough”可以看出，這里是對對方的工作直接發表看法。答句句意：我直入主題——你的工作不夠好。straight在這里用作副詞，意思是“直接地”。

　　Ⅳ.閱讀理解

　　A

　　(2011·錦州期末)

　　Do you know what really troubles me? For some reason, words with silent letters have always bothered me. For example, consider these words: know, design, island, school, wrist, naughty, and salmon. All of these words have at least one letter that is not typically pronounced, and these words are just a very small part of words with silent letters in them.

　　Some words are even worse, consider this word: colonel. Not only are some letters not pronounced, but letters that are not even there are pronounced.

　　Even foreign languages, especially French, are guilty of this needless complexity and confusion. I know there must be some main historical reasons why the words are spelled and pronounced the way they are, but that does not mean bad traditions must continue to survive. Especially if they are no longer logical.

　　Unfortunately, there is very little that anyone can do for it, because there's no group of people who can change or have the right to change the English language for everyone. However, the only thing we can do is make changes in the way we talk and write in hopes that it catches_on. For example, I pronounce the letter “l” in salmon on purpose to make people annoyed and to sound more different or complicated. I even pronounce colonel the correct or French way.

　　I can only hope these two minor changes to the English language make sense to you, and you will help to keep up these minor changes forever in your everyday life.

　　文章大意：不知道你注意了沒有？英語中有些單詞中的字母是不發音的。這是由于長期的歷史原因造成的。我們該怎樣對待它們呢？

　　1．We can learn from the passage________.

　　A. colonel is pronounced /klnl/

　　B. salmon is pronounced /sm?n/

　　C. all the words with silent letters come from French

　　D. linguists will solve the problem of dumb letters

　　答案：B　推理判斷題。由第一段第四句話“All of these words have at least one letter that is not typically pronounced”可知，“know, design, island, school, wrist, naughty, and salmon”這些單詞至少有一個字母不發音，再由第三段第四句話“I pronounce the letter ‘l’ in salmon on purpose”可知salmon單詞中的字母l不發音，所以B項正確。由第二段可知，colonel單詞的發音規則是有一些字母不發音，但是不在該單詞拼寫之中的有些字母還會發音，所以A項錯誤；由第三段可知，法語只是這一現象的主要原因，所以C項錯誤；由第四段“Unfortunately, there is very little that anyone can do for it, because there's no group of people who can change or have the right to change the English language for everyone.”可知，D項錯誤。

　　2．Which of the following is the main reason for silent letters?

　　A. French language.

　　B. Historical reasons.

　　C. Some linguists.

　　D. Bad traditions.

　　答案：B　細節理解題。由第三段第二句話“I know there must be some main historical reasons why the words are spelled and pronounced the way they are...”可知，造成英語有些字母不發音的主要原因是歷史原因。

　　3．The underlined phrase “catches on” probably means “________”．

　　A. becomes popular

　　B. gets across

　　C. follows the fashions

　　D. doesn't fall behind

　　答案：A　猜測詞義題。所在句句意“但是我們可以在我們說或者寫的時候做些變化，希望會讓這些變化流行起來”。

　　4．Which of the following is the best title for this passage?

　　A. Troubles in everyday life

　　B. Traps in English words

　　C. Words with silent letters

　　D. Necessary changes of languages

　　答案：C　主旨大意題。由文章大意可知，全文討論了英語單詞中的字母不發音的原因和我們對此的態度。

　　B

　　Some people say global English is

　　no

　　longer

　　just

　　controlled by British or American English, but is running free and developing uniquely local forms. Can you figure out the following terms?

　　“I like your smile, but unlike you put your shoes on my face.” This is a way of saying “Keep off the grass.” Or “people mountain, people sea”， which means “very crowded”．

　　These examples are what we call Chinglish.

　　When it comes to Chinglish, if all you know is “good good study, day day up，” you will be considered “out man”．

　　Nowadays, more Chinglish words have been created, for example, a Chinese idiom is translated as “smilence”， a

　　combination by the English word smile and silence.

　　Chinglish usually offers a humorous look at misuses of

　　the English language in Chinese street signs, products, and

　　advertising. They are favored by some English speaking

　　tourists and visitors. Dominic Swire has been living in Beijing for a couple of years.

　　“I think many Chinese people complain about the Chinglish and badly translated English. But you know, sometimes for us foreigners, it's actually

　　quite charming to see them.

　　I think if the translations of English in China were all perfect, then something would be lost from Chinese culture.”

　　However, Chinglish will probably become a “cultural

　　relic” in the near future. Beijing has made a comprehensive

　　plan

　　to improve foreign language services and correct

　　Chinglish within five years. “It is very ridiculous to see Chinglish on the signs in some scenic spots. And they are a kind of barrer for communication between Chinese and people from other countries，” a Beijinger said.

　　Some Chinese university experts side with Chinglish. They argue that English has absorbed elements from other

　　languages such as French and Spanish in its growth, and now it's Chinese's turn.

　　文章大意：如今，世界英語不單單受美式英語和英式英語的影響，英語詞匯和漢語語法的結合出現了越來越多的“中國式英語”。

　　5．What can we call Chinglish?

　　A．English words which get new Chinese meanings.

　　B．The Chinese words which are difficult to translate.

　　C. The words combining English vocabulary and Chinese grammar.

　　D．The local words preventing foreigners to learn Chinese well.

　　答案：C　推理判斷題。根據第二、三、四段所舉的例子可以判斷中國式英語是由英語詞匯按照漢語語法形成的英語。

　　6．What does“smilence” most probably mean?

　　A. Saying nothing but to smile.

　　B. Smiling without being noticed.