第一部分　選修七　Module 1-2

　　Ⅰ.閱讀理解

　　A

　　(2024·太原市高三二模)

　　Washington: NASA has announced evidence that Jupiter's largest moon, Ganymede, has a saltwater ocean under its icy surface. The ocean seems to have more water than all the water on Earth's surface, according to new Hubble observation.

　　New Hubble observations of Ganymede's magnetic field strongly suggest that the moon, which is the largest in our whole solar system, is home to a subsurface ocean.

　　Scientists estimate the ocean is 95 kilometers thick, which is about 10 times deeper than Earth's oceans. But unlike our salty waters, Ganymede's ocean is buried under 150 kilometers of ice.

　　While scientists have speculated(推測(cè)) since 1970s about the presence of an ocean on Ganymede—the largest moon in our solar system—until now the only observational evidence came from a brief flyby by the Galileo spacecraft, which didn't observe the moon long enough to confirm a liquid ocean.

　　This discovery marks an important milestone, highlighting what only Hubble can accomplish. In its 25 years in orbit, Hubble has made many scientific discoveries in our own solar system. A deep ocean under the icy surface of Ganymede opens up further exciting possibilities for life beyond Earth.

　　Scientists_have_already_confirmed_the_existence_of_an_ocean_on_Europe,_another moon orbiting Jupiter, and NASA has announced plans to send an unmanned mission there searching for the life that might come with liquid water.

　　Hubble is a telescope that orbits Earth, but because of its impressive gravitational analyses it can be used to study the inside of far distant planets. Using these same principles, scientists could theoretically detect oceans on distant planets as well.

　　語篇解讀：這是一篇關(guān)于天文知識(shí)的資訊報(bào)道。科學(xué)家們通過Hubble望遠(yuǎn)鏡判斷在木星上發(fā)現(xiàn)曾有海洋的存在，人們期待了更多的地球以外的生命存在。

　　1．What can we learn about the Ganymede from the passage?

　　A．It is a planet with the largest moon in our whole solar system.

　　B．Its ocean adds to people's excitement about life beyond Earth.

　　C．It will be used by NASA as a base for the Hubble telescope.

　　D．Its liquid ocean was first proved by the Galileo spacecraft.

　　答案：B　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)通過第五段中“A deep ocean under the icy surface of Ganymede opens up further exciting possibilities for life beyond Earth.”可知海洋增加了人們關(guān)于地球以外的生命的興奮。故選B。

　　2．Which of the following best describes the writer's attitude towards Hubble?

　　A．Cautious B．Doubtful

　　C．Negative D．Favourable

　　答案：D　推理判斷題。 A. Cautious“謹(jǐn)慎的”；B. Doubtful“懷疑的”；C. Negative“否定的”；D. Favourable“支持的”。根據(jù)第五段中“This discovery marks an important milestone, highlighting what only Hubble can accomplished.”可知作者對(duì)Hubble的態(tài)度是支持的。故選D。

　　3．What does the underlined part in Paragraph 6 mean?

　　A．An underground ocean has been found in Europe.

　　B．The presence of an underground ocean in Europe is not possible.

　　C．It is now certain that there is an ocean on Europe.

　　D．No evidence has shown the existence of an ocean on Europe.

　　答案：C　句意猜測(cè)題。 通過橫線句子中的“confirm the existence” 和“NASA has announced plans to send an unmanned mission there searching for the life that might come with liquid water.”可知?dú)W洲上空可能有海洋是確定的。故選C。

　　4．What type of writing does this passage belong to?

　　A．A term essay B．A news report

　　C．An experiment report D．An exploration review.

　　答案：B　推理判斷題。 A. A term essay“一個(gè)學(xué)期論文”；B. A news report“一個(gè)資訊報(bào)道”；C.An experiment report“一個(gè)實(shí)驗(yàn)報(bào)告”；D. An exploration review“一個(gè)探索評(píng)論”。通過第一段“Washington: NASA has announced evidence...”格式及文章內(nèi)容可知。故選B。

　　B

　　(2024·菏澤市高三二模)

　　Around four years ago, I received a call from the principal of our school as to the “Parents View” talk the next morning. He asked me to speak to the group. After the call, my whole body became feverish and panicky. The time from his call to the next morning seemed like years. The whole night, I could not sleep with many ominous_apprehensions in mind. One of them was to call the principal with regret and tell him that I could not come. Finally, I gathered some courage. I thought, “If I miss this opportunity, surely the school will never invite me again to any of their programs.”

　　I reached the school in time. Before my turn came, my whole body was trembling. When my turn came and I started speaking, my heartbeat increased and my mouth went dry. I wasn't even able to read the written speech properly. I was not aware of where I was standing and what I was reading. That was the day when I realized my biggest weakness, Public Speaking.

　　After my speech, I met with the principal and explained what happened to me. He told me that this happens to everyone. Even great speaker, faced the same things when they started. He suggested that I come again next time.

　　Around one month later, I was invited to refer to a topic on Motivation. This time I was feeling comfortable. My speech was not only appreciated by the principal as well as the teachers, because I was able to get my idea across to them. They encouraged and praised my efforts.

　　After delivering this presentation successfully, I became more confident. I said to myself, “If I can speak in front of such a learned audience, like the principal who educates others, I can now speak in front of others too.”

　　I started delivering lectures in my plant, on various topics like Self Motivation, Personality Development, Personal Excellence, Spoken English and Presentation Skills. This has become a passion for me. I learned that everything is possible if we have the courage to take the first step.

　　語篇解讀：作者通過自己的親身經(jīng)歷告訴我們?nèi)绾螖[脫在臺(tái)上演講的恐懼心理，相信自己，戰(zhàn)勝恐懼，千里之行始于足下。

　　5．Which of the following is the best title for the passage?

　　A．Practice Makes a Man a Better Speechmaker

　　B．Public Speaking Makes a Man Embarrassed.

　　C．Principal Provides the Best Chances.

　　D．Spoken English Develops in Speeches.

　　答案：A　主旨大意題。 A“練習(xí)能夠使人成為一名更好的演講家”；B“公眾演講讓人尷尬”；C“校長提供了最好的機(jī)會(huì)”；D“英語口語在演講中提高”。通讀全文，并根據(jù)文章的最后兩段可知作者通過多次的演講逐漸克服了講話時(shí)的緊張感，成為一名善于演講的人。故選A。

　　6．The author had bad feelings before the speech because ________.

　　A．he disliked the idea of giving a lecture

　　B．he had got a high fever before that

　　C．he regretted accepting the invitation

　　D．he feared he couldn't perform it properly

　　答案：D　推理判斷題。 根據(jù)文章第一段的“The time from his call to the next morning seemed like years. The whole night, I could not sleep with many ominous apprehensions in mind和Finally, I gathered some courage”可知作者是害怕自己不能順利完成演講。故選D。

　　7．What does the underlined part “ominous apprehensions” in the first paragraph mean?

　　A．Unlucky opportunities. B．Negative ideas.

　　C．Curious views. D．Happy comments.

　　答案：B　詞義猜測(cè)題。A. Unlucky opportunities“不幸的機(jī)會(huì)”；B. Negative ideas“否定觀點(diǎn)”；C. Curious views“好奇的觀點(diǎn)”；D. Happy comments“幸福的評(píng)論”。根據(jù)該句前面的“The time from his call to the next morning seemed like years”可推斷作者的腦中都是否定的觀點(diǎn)。故選B。

　　8．What can we conclude from the passage?

　　A．Nothing is to be got without pains but poverty.

　　B．Knowledge makes humble, ignorance makes proud.

　　C．A journey of a thousand miles begins with a single step.

　　D．Necessity is the mother of invention.

　　答案：C　判斷推理題。 A．“沒有付出，除了貧窮一無所獲”；B.“知識(shí)使人謙虛，無知使人驕傲”；C.“千里之行始于足下”；D.“需要是發(fā)明之母”。根據(jù)文章的最后一句話“I learned that everything is possible if we have the courage to take the first step”推斷選C。

　　Ⅱ.七選五

　　根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。

　　(2024·聊城一中階段測(cè)試)

　　What will you do if you can't eat everything bought in the canteen? __1__ According to a survey, what students waste every year could feed over 10 million people.

　　__2__ According to Xinhua News Agency, the food wasted by Chinese people is about 50 million tons of grain every year, which could feed 200 million people.

　　Food waste, which has become a global issue, serves as a mirror that reflects various cultural and social issues in different countries. In the West, for instance, consumerism, the belief that it's a good thing to use a lot of goods and services, is often to blame for food waste. __3__ Chinese people are well known for being hospitable and generous. Many even feel that they lose face if their guests have eaten all the food. On campus, a generation of single children is less aware of the food waste issue. Students nowadays are well protected by their families and hardly have any concept of how much toil (辛勞) others go through in order to provide them with the food they eat.

　　__4__ There are over 925 million hungry people in the world, most of whom live in underdeveloped countries and areas. They don't have enough food to eat. Many children die for lack of nutrition each year in some African countries. And farmers work very hard to grow the crops. __5__ It's also important that everyone should think about how they can do their bit to reduce food waste.

　　A．Students' waste is extremely serious.

　　B．China, in turn, features its own eating culture.

　　C．Students can never realize the serious food crisis.

　　D．Compared with them, some live in a different world.

　　E．But canteen waste is merely the tip of the iceberg.

　　F．So there's no excuse that we should waste our food.

　　G．Most of us would simply throw away any leftover food.

　　語篇解讀：文章主要講的是浪費(fèi)食物的現(xiàn)象。學(xué)生往往會(huì)把吃剩下的飯菜倒掉，學(xué)校食堂的浪費(fèi)現(xiàn)象只是冰山一角，我國每年浪費(fèi)的糧食有大約兩千萬噸。做題時(shí)注意上下文的聯(lián)系和段落大意。

　　1．G　根據(jù)第二行“what students waste every year could feed over 10 million people”可知，學(xué)生們會(huì)把吃不完的飯菜倒掉，由此造成的浪費(fèi)能夠養(yǎng)活一千多萬人，故選G。

　　2．E　根據(jù)“the food wasted by Chinese people is about 50 million tons of grain every year, which could feed 200 million people”可知，中國人浪費(fèi)掉的糧食能夠養(yǎng)活兩億人，說明食堂的浪費(fèi)現(xiàn)象只是冰山一角，故選E。

　　3．B　根據(jù)本段首句“Food waste... serves as a mirror that reflects various cultural and social issues”和“Chinese people are well known for being hospitable and generous. Many even feel that they lose face if their guests have eaten all the food.”可知，食物浪費(fèi)現(xiàn)象反映一個(gè)國家的飲食文化和習(xí)慣，故選B。

　　4．D　根據(jù)“There are over 925 million hungry people in the world, most of whom live in underdeveloped countries and areas.”可知，本段講的是處于饑餓中的人們，故選D。

　　5．F　根據(jù)“Many children die for lack of nutrition each year...And farmers work very hard to grow the crops.”可知，世界其它地方的孩子因饑餓而死，而且農(nóng)民種糧食很辛苦，因此我們沒有理由浪費(fèi)糧食，每個(gè)人都應(yīng)該想一想該怎樣減少食物浪費(fèi)，故選F。

　　Ⅲ.語法填空

　　閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容(1個(gè)單詞)或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。

　　Tim：Hi，Susan. I've been wondering when I'd run into you. What are you busy with?

　　Susan：Nice to meet you here, Tim. I'm buying some Christmas gifts

　　for those __1__ work with me，but it's really __2__ headache.

　　Tim：Maybe I can give you some advice. Firstly, you should consider __3__(divide) them into different groups—who are the people that are your friends as well as your workmates and who are the people you don't know well __4__ see pretty much daily.

　　Susan：OK.Then __5__ should I do?

　　Tim：For the friends, you can buy__6__ some personal gifts. Chocolate, for example.

　　Susan：This is what I always give，but I know one of my friends，Mary, is __7__ a diet.

　　Tim：Does she like fruit or coffee? Anyway, think of a gift that you know your friend likes.

　　Susan：Well, I think fruit is helpful to keep __8__(health). What about others?

　　Tim：You can send them cards.

　　Susan: Christmas cards?

　　Tim：Yes，you can afford them. More __9__(important), it reminds them that you're thinking of them.

　　Susan：Thank you for your suggestion, Tim. You __10__(help) me

　　out.

　　語篇解讀：蘇珊正為給同事買圣誕禮物而頭疼，這時(shí)蒂姆給了她一些建議。

　　1．who　“__1__ work with me”為定語從句，先行詞為those，關(guān)系詞在定語從句中作主語，且指“人”，故用who引導(dǎo)。

　　2．a(chǎn)　句意：……但那真是件令人頭疼的事情。headache為可數(shù)名詞，此處表泛指，故與不定冠詞連用。

　　3．dividing　設(shè)空處作consider的賓語，consider后需加動(dòng)名詞作賓語，故設(shè)空處用dividing。

　　4．but　句意：……哪些是你不是很熟悉但每天見面很多的人。由此可見前后兩部分為轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，故用but連接。

　　5．what　句意：好的。然后我該做什么呢？考查疑問代詞。根據(jù)上下文邏輯可知設(shè)空處用what“什么”。

　　6．them　buy后常加雙賓語，故此處用them指代前面提到的friends。

　　7．on　on a diet為固定短語，意為：在節(jié)食。

　　8．healthy　keep healthy“保持健康”。形容詞healthy作系動(dòng)詞keep的表語。

　　9．importantly　“more importantly”常用于句首修飾整個(gè)句子，意為：更重要的是。

　　10．have helped　考查時(shí)態(tài)。既然蒂姆給了蘇珊很好的建議，因此可推斷出蒂姆已經(jīng)幫助蘇珊擺脫了困境，故設(shè)空處用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)。

　　Ⅳ.短文改錯(cuò)

　　假定英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請(qǐng)你修改你同桌寫的以下作文。文中共有10處語言錯(cuò)誤，每句中最多有兩處。錯(cuò)誤僅涉及一個(gè)單詞的增加、刪除或修改。增加：在缺詞處加一個(gè)漏字符號(hào)(∧)，并在其下面寫出該加的詞。刪除：把多余的詞用()劃掉。

　　修改：在錯(cuò)的詞下畫一橫線，并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。

　　注意：1.每處錯(cuò)誤及其修改均僅限一詞；

　　2．只允許修改10處，多者(從第11處起)不計(jì)分。

　　Jack London was a famous America writer. He was born in January 12th, 1876, in San Francisco. His family was very poor, so Jack had to leave for school to make money. He worked hard in much difficult jobs. Later Jack returned school, but he didn't stay. He wrote, “Life and pocket book were all too short.” In 1887, he went to Alaska to find out gold. He returned home and started to write. His writings were successfully, and he became rich and famous. Jack was no a happy man, however. In poor health, he took off her own life in 1926.