第一部分　選修6　Unit 2

　　Ⅰ.完形填空

　　(2024陜西西安第七十中學11月檢測)

　　How far would you walk to learn about something that interested you? When he was young, Jacob Lawrence often walked more than sixty__1__from his home in the Harlem section of New York City to the Metropolitan Museum of Art.Jacob wanted to be a(n)__2__，and he believed that studying the famous paintings__3__in that museum would help him.

　　It was 1930，when many people were out of work, money was__4__and people suffered a lot.Still the streets were__5__with energy and color.As he walked through Harlem, Jacob looked hard at the people, the churches, and barbershops and so on.He__6__those images in his mind, along with the images of paintings he saw in the__7__.

　　Jacob came from a poor family.His mother believed there was little chance__8__her son could grow up to be a successful painter.She wanted him to aim for something more__9__.But Jacob's teacher, Alston, in an art program saw that he was talented.Alston__10__him how to use paints to make stage sets.

　　As time passed, Alston let Jacob rent work space in his own studio.That was an exciting place for a young black man __11__to become an artist.Many creative people__12__there to talk about art, literature and history.From their__13__，Jacob learned that history books often __14__the accomplishments of African Americans.He decided to paint a series of pictures describing the story of a black hero.He __15__Toussaint, who had helped free his people__16__French ruling.

　　Many people admired Jacob's pictures, but he needed__17__admiration.To help his family, he often had to work at jobs that__18__him away from painting.Then something encouraging happened.An artist named Augusta got Jacob a job.For eighteen months, Jacob was given a__19__to paint pictures.For the first time, he felt like a__20__artist.

　　()1.A.steps B．blocks

　　C．buildings D．avenues

　　()2.A.artist B．tutor

　　C．scholar D．official

　　()3.A.swinging B．existing

　　C．hanging D．twisting

　　()4.A.blank B．loose

　　C．tough D．tight

　　()5.A.lined B．decorated

　　C．associated D．filled

　　()6.A.stored B．received

　　C．created D．remembered

　　()7.A.museum B．studio

　　C．church D．street

　　()8.A.whether B．which

　　C．that D．when

　　()9.A.precious B．practical

　　C．standard D．flexible

　　()10.A.recommended B．reminded

　　C．provided D．showed

　　()11.A.hesitating B．struggling

　　C．marching D．participating

　　()12.A.settled B．wandered

　　C．gathered D．rushed

　　()13.A.experiences B．performances

　　C．accents D．conversations

　　()14.A.acknowledged B．accused

　　C．ignored D．witnessed

　　()15.A.chose B．accepted

　　C．counted D．employed

　　()16.A.against B．from

　　C．for D．with

　　()17.A.more than B．rather than

　　C．other than D．less than

　　()18.A.broke B．gave

　　C．permitted D．took

　　()19.A.award B．title

　　C．salary D．prize

　　()20.A.permanent B．popular

　　C．positive D．professional

　　【語篇解讀】本文講述的是著名藝術家Jacob Lawrence從小很有天賦，為了去博物館，走了六十個街區去看畫，畫黑人英雄杜桑，讓自己因此而出名了。雖然很有名，但不得不靠畫畫為生。

　　1．【答案】B

　　【解析】steps意為“步伐”；blocks“街區”；buildings“建筑物”；avenues“林蔭大道”。句意：當他年輕時，Jacob Lawrence通常會走六十個街區從他家到博物館。根據上文提到“How far would you walk to learn about something that interested you”為了了解你感興趣的東西你會走多遠。所以走了六十個街區，故選B項。

　　2．【答案】A

　　【解析】artist意為“藝術家”；tutor“導師”；scholar“學者”；official“官員”。句意：他想成為一個藝術家。根據上文提到“from his home in the Harlem section of New York City to the Metropolitan Museum of Art.”從他家走到藝術博物館，可知他想成為藝術家，故選A項。

　　3．【答案】C

　　【解析】swinging意為“搖擺”；existing“存在”；hanging“懸掛”；twisting“扭動”。句意：他相信研究那些掛在博物館里面的畫有助于他，hanging分詞作后置定語來修飾the famous paintings，故選C項。

　　4．【答案】D

　　【解析】blank意為“空白的”；loose“松散的”；tough“艱難的”；tight“緊的”。句意：在1930年，大多數人失業，錢很緊張，人們遭受許多痛苦。根據時間狀語1930，正是全球金融危機，故錢很緊張，故選D項。

　　5．【答案】D

　　【解析】lined意為“劃線”；decorated“裝飾”；associated“聯想”；filled“充滿”。句意：街道充滿能量與生機。be filled with“充滿”，考查固定短語，故選D項。

　　6．【答案】A

　　【解析】stored意為“貯存”；received“收到”；created“創造”；remembered“記得”。考查：他的大腦中裝滿各種畫像。根據上文提到的“he believed that studying the famous paintings hanging in that museum would help him.”可知，他看過許多名畫，故選A項。

　　7．【答案】A

　　【解析】museum意為“博物館”；studio“攝影棚”；church“教堂”；street“街道”。句意：他頭腦中裝滿各種在街上看到的畫面，以及他在博物館所看到的畫像。根據上文提到“he believed that studying the famous paintings in that museum would help him.”所以選A項。

　　8．【答案】C

　　【解析】whether意為“是否”；which“哪一個”；when“什么時候”。句意：他來自窮人的家庭，他的媽媽相信他幾乎沒有機會成為畫家。chance 后面跟著同位語從句，由that來引導，故選C項。

　　9．【答案】B

　　【解析】precious意為“珍貴的”；practical“實際的”；standard“標準的”；flexible“靈活的”。句意：母親希望他多學些實際的東西。根據句意與他學的畫畫相比，母親更希望他學實用的技能，故選B項。

　　10．【答案】D

　　【解析】recommended意為“推薦”；reminded“提醒”；provided“提供”；showed“展示”。句意：他的老師展示給他如何用畫畫作為展示自己的舞臺。根據上文提到“But Jacob's teacher, Alston, in an art program saw that he was talented”他的老師認為他很有天賦，故是向他展示，所以選D項。

　　11．【答案】B

　　【解析】hesitating意為“猶豫”；struggling“努力；斗爭”；marching“行進”；participating“參加”。句意：對于這個年輕人來說，這是個令人興奮的地方的。struggling to do“努力去做某事”，作伴隨狀語，故選B項。

　　12．【答案】C

　　【解析】settled“解決，定居”；wandered“徘徊”；gathered“聚集”；rushed“沖撞”。句意：許多有創造力的人聚集在此談論藝術，文學和歷史。故選C項。

　　13．【答案】D

　　【解析】experiences意為“經歷”；performances“表演”；accents“口音”；conversations“對話”。句意：從他們的對話中，他明白歷史通常忽視非裔美國人的作品。根據上文提到“Many creative people there to talk about art, literature and history.”他們聚集在此談論，故選D項。

　　14．【答案】C

　　【解析】acknowledged意為“承認”；accused“譴責”；ignored“忽視”；witnessed“目擊”。句意：從他們的對話中，他明白歷史通常忽視非裔美國人的作品。根據下方提到“He decided to paint a series of pictures describing the story of a black hero”他決定畫一些描述黑人的畫。所以選C項。

　　15．【答案】A

　　【解析】chose意為“選擇”；accepted“接受”；counted“數數”；employed“雇傭”。句意：他選擇杜桑·盧維圖爾，杜桑·盧維圖爾幫助解放了人民擺脫了法國的統治。根據上文提到“He decided to paint a series of pictures describing the story of a black hero”他決定描述黑人英雄，故選A項。

　　16．【答案】B

　　【解析】句意：他選擇杜桑·盧維圖爾，他幫助人民擺脫了法國的統治。free…from… 固定搭配，意為“把……從……中解脫出來”，故選B項。

　　17．【答案】A

　　【解析】more than意為“超過，不僅僅”；rather than“而不是”；other than“除了”；less than“少于”。句意：許多人欽佩他的畫，但他需要的不僅僅是欽佩。根據下方提到“To help his family, he often had to work at jobs”為幫助家人，他不得不工作，可知不僅僅需要欽佩，故選A項。

　　18．【答案】D

　　【解析】broke意為“打破”；gave“給”；permitted“允許”；took“帶走”。句意：為了幫助他的家人，他常常不得不做那些使他遠離畫畫的工作。故選D項。

　　19．【答案】C

　　【解析】award意為“獎賞”；title“標題； 頭銜”；salary“薪水”；prize“獎賞”。句意：一個叫作 Augusta的藝術家，給了他份工作，他通過作畫來掙錢。give sb. a salary“給某人薪水”，故選C項。

　　20．【答案】D

　　【解析】permanent意為“固定的”；popular“流行的”；positive“積極的”；professional“職業的”。句意：第一次，他感覺像個職業藝術家。根據上文提到作畫謀生，所以是職業畫家，故選D項。

　　.閱讀理解

　　A

　　Jane Clarke,

　　My daughter is coming up to her finals.She eats reasonably well but less so in term time, as getting out to buy fresh fruit and vegetables is time-consuming.She has recently often had flu.Can you offer guidance on what to eat and drink when under pressure?

　　Mary King,

　　She should mainly take in the B vitamins, the group largely responsible for the smooth running of the nervous system, and vitamin C, which experts believe we need in much greater quantities when we are stressed than the usual.

　　B vitamins are found in many foods but especially pork, bacon, nuts, dairy products, lean meat, fish, eggs and whole grains — so even if your daughter can't shop regularly, other foods can work in her favor.Tinned oily fish are good, which can help to block production of the enzyme(酶)that makes us feel tense when under pressure.

　　Fresh produce usually has the highest and best all-round levels of nutrients such as vitamin C, but if your daughter has a freezer she could buy frozen vegetables, which contain good levels.Fresh juice is another good source of vitamin C.

　　She should avoid caffeine, as it increases the adrenaline(腎上腺素)generated at times of stress; water would be better.Frequent small meals can help concentration.

　　High-sugar foods such as biscuits and sweets could make people feel excited, and patients often feel the same; better avoid eating them.Pasta, rice or a jacket potato, will help to calm us down.And drinking plenty of water can also help concentration.

　　()1.If lacking vitamin C, one had better eat________.

　　A．dairy products and oily fish

　　B．fresh vegetables and fruits

　　C．caffeine and biscuits

　　D．lean meat and fresh vegetable　

　　()2.We can learn that the daughter of Mary King ________.

　　A．doesn't have enough time to go shopping

　　B．is fond of buying frozen vegetables

　　C．is getting on well with her classmates

　　D．is too stressed to prepare for the finals

　　()3.According to the passage, why should high-sugar foods be avoided?

　　A．Because it increases the adrenaline.

　　B．Because it can make students more stressed.

　　C．Because it can excite people.

　　D．Because it can make people fat.

　　()4.We can infer from the passage that ________.

　　A．the more water one drinks, the better

　　B．Jane Clarke knows Mary King very well

　　C．eating is closely related to people's mental health

　　D．the daughter of Mary King takes in too much caffeine

　　【主旨大意】Mary King寫信的目的是幫助她的女兒放松和集中注意力。

　　1．【答案】B

　　【解析】細節理解題。根據第四段可知新鮮的蔬果富含維生素C。

　　2．【答案】A

　　【解析】推理判斷題。根據文中第一段“as getting out to buy fresh fruit and vegetables is time-consuming.”可知Mary King的女兒學習非常緊張，沒有太多的時間去購物。

　　3．【答案】C

　　【解析】細節理解題。根據最后一段中“High-sugar foods such as biscuits and sweets could make people feel excited”可知。

　　4．【答案】C

　　【解析】推理判斷題。根據Jane Clarke的回信可知飲食與一個人的精神健康關系很密切。

　　B

　　(2024黑龍江實驗中學高三10月考試，C)

　　Successful people in international business understand the cultures of other countries and learn to change their practices in different cultures.They understand the importance of avoiding business decisions based on misconceptions－mistaken ideas.

　　One cause of misconceptions is ethnocentrism, the belief that one's own culture's way of doing things is better than the way of other cultures.It's ethnocentrism that leads to failure in international business.To avoid ethnocentrism, it's necessary to study the different elements of culture: language, values and attitudes, and customs and manners.

　　Language

　　A knowledge of the local language can help international business people in four ways.First, people can communicate directly.Second, people are usually more open in their communication with someone who speaks their language.Third, an understanding of the language allows people to infer meanings that are not said directly.Finally, knowing the language helps people to understand the culture better.

　　Values and Attitudes

　　Values are people's basic beliefs about the difference between right and wrong, good and bad.An attitude is a way of thinking or acting.Values and attitudes influence international business.For example, many people in the United States believe that chocolate from Switzerland is better than chocolate from other countries, and they buy a lot of it.

　　Customs and Manners

　　Customs are common social practices.Manners are ways of acting that the society believes are polite.For example, in the United States, it is the custom to have salad before the main course at dinner, not after.It's not acceptable to talk with food in mouth at table.Failure to understand the customs and manners of other countries will bring difficulty selling their products.Orange juice as a breakfast drink of an American company in France doesn't sell well because the French don't usually drink juice with breakfast.

　　()5.A knowledge of the local language allows international business people ________.

　　A．to be more open with their customers

　　B．to communicate without outside help

　　C．to express their thoughts indirectly

　　D．to have a better idea of their own culture

　　()6.The act of many people buying chocolate of Switzerland shows the role of ________.

　　A．manners B．values

　　C．attitudesD．customs