Module 4 Sandstorms in Asia

　　話題詞匯

　　1.earthquake n.地震

　　2.tsunami n.海嘯

　　3.famine n.饑荒

　　4.shelter n.避難所

　　5.victim n.受災者

　　6.natural disaster自然災害

　　7.stricken area受災地區

　　8.a state of emergency緊急狀態

　　9.the caring donation愛心捐贈

　　10.donate blood義務獻血

　　經典語篇

　　近年來地震的頻繁發生給人類的生存帶來了嚴重影響，為此你所在的學校要求學生平時多了解關于地震逃生的方法。現在，請你用英語為班里的同學做一次地震時在室內如何逃生的講解，請結合下面要點寫一篇英語發言稿。

　　1.來不及跑時可迅速躲到堅固的家具下面或衛生間里面；

　　2.趴下，閉目，并用毛巾等捂住口鼻，以阻擋灰塵；

　　3.盡量關掉煤氣開關或電器開關；

　　4.不要外逃或從樓上跳下，不能使用電梯。

　　注意：1.詞數100左右；

　　2.短文要求包含以上要點，但不必逐條翻譯；

　　3.可以適當發揮，增加細節，以使行文連貫。

　　佳作欣賞

　　My dear classmates，we all know that life is precious.Then how can we protect ourselves when we come across a horrible earthquake？Now let me give you some advice on how to survive an earthquake①.

　　When a serious earthquake takes place，we should hide in a bathroom or under some strong furniture immediately.At the same time we’d better fall on the ground and close our eyes with a towel on our nose and mouth② to stop the dust.If it is possible，please turn off the gas stop③ and the electric power switch.But you mustn’t try to run out or jump off a building.And do remember not to use the elevator④.

　　That’s all.Thank you!

　　思維發散

　　1.仿照第①句用“介詞＋疑問詞＋to do...”翻譯句子

　　你們決定好什么時候去上海了嗎？

　　Have you decided on when to go to Shanghai?

　　2.仿照第②句用with復合結構完成句子

　　有一些問題尚待解決，因此我們還需盡快再召開一次會議。(2024·江西九江模擬)

　　With several problems remaining to be solved，we still needed to hold another meeting as soon as possible.

　　3.將第③句改為省略句

　　If possible，please turn off the gas stop.

　　4.仿照第④句用“do表示強調”翻譯句子

　　務請幫我解答這道數學題。

　　Do help me with this maths problem.

　　Ⅰ.重點單詞

　　A.寫作單詞

　　1.frightening (adj.)嚇人的；可怕的

　　2.process (n.)進程；過程

　　3.citizen (n.)公民；市民

　　4.dust (n.)沙塵；灰塵

　　5.strength (n.)力量；力氣

　　6.atmosphere (n.)大氣；大氣層

　　7.environment (n.)環境

　　8.recycle (v.)重新利用；再循環

　　9.concerned (adj.)關心的；擔心的

　　10.evidence (n.)根據；證明

　　11.pollution (n.)污染

　　pollute (vt.)污染

　　12.major (adj.)主要的；多數的；(vi.)主修

　　majority (n.)大多數

　　13.urgent (adj.)緊急的

　　urge (vt.)催促；極力主張

　　14.complain (vi.)抱怨；發牢騷

　　complaint (n.)埋怨

　　15.protection (n.)保護

　　protect (vt.)保護

　　B.閱讀單詞

　　16.sandstorm (n.)沙塵暴

　　17.mass (n.)大量；許多；(adj.)大量的；大規模的

　　18.campaign (n.)戰役；活動

　　19.forecast (vt.)預報；預告

　　20.cycle (vi.)騎自行車

　　21.mask (n.)面罩

　　22.chemical (n.)化學藥品

　　23.garbage (n.)廢料；垃圾

　　24.melt (vi.)融化

　　25.absolutely (adv.)絕對地；完全地

　　26.scary (adj.)恐怖的；嚇人的

　　scare (vt.& n.)使……受驚；恐懼

　　scared (adj.)受驚嚇的

　　Ⅱ.重點短語

　　1.cut down 砍倒

　　2.be caught in突然遭遇 (風暴等)

　　3.one after another一個接一個地

　　4.have a bad effect on對……有壞影響

　　5.take in吸收

　　6.give out放出；發出

　　7.in a nutshell簡言之；概括地講

　　8.look through瀏覽

　　Ⅲ.經典句式

　　1.“To have been caught in a sandstorm was a terrible experience，” he said.

　　他說：“遇上沙塵暴是一種可怕的經歷。”

　　2.It’s difficult to breathe and the dust makes me ill.

　　呼吸困難，沙塵使我很難受。

　　3.Sandstorms in China appear to have increased in recent years as a result of “desertification”.

　　由于荒漠化越發嚴重，中國近年來發生沙塵暴的次數明顯增加了。

　　4.The storms sometimes continue all day and traffic moves very slowly because the thick dust makes it difficult to see.

　　暴風有時持續一整天，車輛開得很慢，因為濃濃的塵埃降低了能見度。

　　5.The garbage is then taken away and，if possible，recycled.

　　然后垃圾被帶走，如果可能的話，會進行回收利用。

　　Ⅳ.課文語法填空

　　Sandstorms，strong and dry winds 1.that carry sand，have struck some Asian countries for centuries.As a result of desertification，sandstorms in China seem 2.to have increased(increase) in recent years.This is a process that happens 3.when land becomes desert because of climate changes and 4.because people cut down trees and dig up grass.Northwest China is part of the sandstorm centre in Central Asia.Sandstorms sometimes have 5.a very bad effect on Beijing,6.especially(especial) on its weather and traffic.To solve the problem，many ways have been tried.For example，in order to stop the desert,7.which is only 250 km away to the west，8.coming(come) nearer to Beijing，the government is planting trees.So far，over 30 billion trees 9.have been planted (plant) and 10.more(many) trees will be planted for the next five years.

　　1

　　?1?have the strength to do有做……的力氣/意志力

　　with all one’s strength盡全力

　　build up one’s strength增強體力

　　?2?strengthen v.加強，鞏固

　　?3?strong adj.強壯的

　　(1)I don’t have the strength to climb any further.

　　我沒有力氣再往上爬了。

　　(2)He has been doing morning exercises to build up his strength.

　　他一直進行晨練以增強體力。

　　(3)At present America is taking some measures to strengthen the economy.

　　目前美國正在采取措施以鞏固經濟。

　　[詞義辨析]　strength，force，power，energy

　　(1)strength指固有的潛在力量。指人時，著重指力氣；就物而言，著重指強度、潛力等。

　　(2)force指物理學上的“力”，也指為做某事而使用的力量，還可指武力。

　　(3)power指行動所根據的職權或能力，有時也指有權力的人或強國。

　　(4)energy指物理學上的“能量”的概念或生理上的“精力”，也可指“能源”。

　　多維訓練

　　(1)選詞填空　

　　①The solar cell can turn the energy of sunlight into electric energy.

　　②If you drop something，the force of gravity will pull it to the floor.

　　③He lifted the stone with all his strength.

　　④The party came to power at the last election.

　　(2)單句語法填空

　　①I had hardly enough strength to move(move) my feet.

　　②He has a strong(strength) political background.

　　2 concerned adj.?作表語或前置定語?擔心的；憂慮的；感興趣的；?后置定語?有關的，涉及的；參與的

　　[應試指導]　作前置定語與后置定語時意義的區別

　　?1?concern vt.?使?擔憂；涉及；關系到；n.擔心；關注；?利害?關系

　　as far as sb.be concerned就某人而言

　　be concerned about/for ?concern oneself about/for?對……擔心/關心

　　be concerned with sb./sth.?concern oneself with sb./sth.?與……有關

　　?2?concerning prep.關于

　　(1)I’ll phone up everyone concerned.

　　我將給所有相關人員打電話。

　　(2)China shouldn’t be concerned about the short-term，but must focus on the long-term growth of the country.

　　中國不應該關注短期(發展)而是必須把精力集中在國家的長期發展上。

　　多維訓練

　　(1)單句語法填空

　　①Concerning the toll-free policy on the express way，what concerns us most is the traffic jams while some are concerned about the safety.(concern)

　　②The theory of relativity is concerned with two seemingly opposite ideas.

　　(2)一句多譯

　　就我個人來說，第二課堂讓我改變了許多。

　　①As far as I am concerned，I have changed a lot because of the second class.(concerned)

　　②As to me，I have changed a lot because of the second class.(as to)

　　③With/In regard to me，I have changed a lot because of the second class.(regard)

　　3

　　[應試指導]　“cut＋副詞”類語境詞義辨析

　　cut in插嘴

　　cut up切碎；使痛心

　　cut off切斷

　　cut out切斷；刪掉；停止；取代；裁剪

　　(1)I’ll cut down (on) my smoking，maybe cut it out entirely.我要少抽點煙，也可能完全戒掉。

　　(2)Don’t cut in on our conversation.

　　我們說話時別插嘴。

　　多維訓練

　　(1)寫出下列句子中cut down的漢語意思

　　①He tried to cut down on smoking but failed.削減

　　②Cut down the article so as to make it fit the space available on the paper.刪節；刪減

　　③He cut down the tree and cut it up for firewood.砍倒

　　(2)短語填空

　　①How can you cut down the risk of cancer?

　　②He also supplied the north when America cut off energy aid.

　　③He had cut up the meat before his mother came back.

　　④Billy showed me the article he had cut out of the magazine.

　　4

　　come/go into effect生效,take effect生效；奏效

　　bring/put...into effect實施

　　of no effect沒有效果的,in effect實際上

　　(1)The medicine had a good effect on me.

　　那種藥對我有很好的功效。

　　(2)The medicine soon took effect.

　　藥很快見效了。

　　多維訓練

　　(1)短語填空

　　①So in effect the government have lowered taxes for the rich and raised them for the poor.

　　②My parents’ divorce had a big effect on me.

　　③The morphine(嗎啡) was starting to take effect and the pain eased.

　　④If a class is of no effect，then teaching means nothing.

　　⑤The regulations came into effect days after last week’s incidents.

　　(2)完成句子

　　The recommendations will soon be put into effect/come into effect(付諸實施).

　　5 take in吸收?absorb?；欺騙?cheat?；包括在內?include or cover?；收留?allow sb.to stay in?；領會，理解；觀看

　　[應試指導]　take短語語境詞義辨析

　　take over接管；繼承；支配

　　take on呈現；雇用

　　take up從事；繼續；拿起；占據

　　(1)The monastery has taken in 26 refugees.

　　修道院已經收留了26位難民。

　　(2)Lesley explains possible treatments but you can tell she’s not taking it in.

　　萊斯利解釋了各種可行的療法，不過，你可以看出來，她并沒有領會。

　　多維訓練

　　(1)寫出下列句子中take in的漢語意思

　　①He certainly took us in with his stories about his experiences in Mexico.欺騙

　　②Gazing up into his eyes，she seemed to take in all he said.領會，理解

　　③He persuaded Joe to take him in.收留

　　④They will certainly need to take in plenty of liquid.吸收

　　⑤I was wondering if you might want to take in a movie with me this evening.觀看

　　(2)短語填空

　　①There is a shortage of teachers in Western China，and it will fall on the 80s and 90s generations to take on this responsibility.(2024·安徽師大附中期中)

　　②If I had more time，I would take up golf as a hobby.(2024·福建模擬)

　　③It is reported that a foreign company will take over the company.

　　④He didn’t take in what I read because his mind was on something else.

　　6

　　多維訓練

　　(1)單句語法填空

　　①A mass of information has(have) been revealed already.

　　②So far，a mass of books have(have) been handed out.

　　③The masses are(be) often the makers of history.

　　(2)單句改錯

　　There is masses of students in the classroom and they’re waiting for Professor Li.is→are

　　7

　　多維訓練

　　單句語法填空

　　(1)Actually you can make learning English a process，where you can not only learn much knowledge but also interesting cultures.

　　(2)The museum is in the process of being restored these days.

　　(3)The youngsters poured down the street to see the parading procession(process).

　　8

　　多維訓練

　　單句語法填空

　　(1)She majored in history at Stanford.

　　(2)The majority of people seem(seem) to prefer TV to radio.

　　(3)The majority of his time is(be) always wasted.

　　(4)People who can speak English are in the majority in this country.

　　9 complain v.抱怨，埋怨，發牢騷；投訴?say one is annoyed，unhappy or unsatisfied about sb./sth.

　　多維訓練

　　單句語法填空

　　(1)We received a lot of complaints from customers about the lack of parking facilities.

　　(2)I’m going to complain to the manager about this.

　　(3)Two hours later，she left，still complaining(complain) of it.

　　(4)I’d like to make a complaint(complain) about the noise.

　　10

　　多維訓練

　　(1)He was caught in a car accident yesterday.

　　昨天他遭遇了一場車禍。

　　(2)When she woke up，the person in red first caught her attention.

　　當她醒來時，首先吸引她注意的是那個穿紅衣服的人。

　　(3)A cook will be fired if he is caught smoking in the kitchen.