2024高考英語閱讀理解解析版匯編（106）

　　閱讀理解。閱讀下列短文, 從給的四個選項 (A、B、C和D) 中, 選出最佳選項。

　　We don’t know how different our future will be in the year 2050. We can only try to imagine it.

　　At first we think about human relationship. In the year 2050, we will use computers almost every day. We will be making new friends through the Internet—even our husbands or wives will be met in this way. It will be much faster and easier for us. On the other hand, our relationships with people won’t be as important as they are today—we will feel a little lonely.

　　Computers will also help us in many other activities in 2050. For example, they will be used by the children at school to make their learning easier. In addition, there will be much more other machines which will play a similar role as computers, like robots which will do the housework for us.

　　Spending holiday will also be completely different. Travelling to other planets or to the moon will be available for everyone. Means of transport will, of course, change, too. We will be using solar-powered cars, which will be much more environmentally friendly.

　　We could expect that the faster technological progress would lead to a more polluted environment. But it isn’t true. We will pay more attention to protecting the environment. And, scientists will probably find cures for many dangerous diseases, like cancer or AIDS. Therefore, our surroundings as well as health will be in better condition.

　　Although we can’t predict the exact changes which will be made in the world, we often think about them. We worry about our and our children’s future; we have expectations, hopes as well as fears. But I think we should be rather sanguine about our future. We should be happy and believe good things will happen.

　　【文章大意】本文主要預測2050年的生活將會是怎樣的。

　　1. Why will people probably feel a little lonely in 2050?

　　A. Because the number of people will become much smaller.

　　B. Because there will be less face-to-face communication.

　　C. Because people won’t like making friends with each other.

　　D. Because people won’t communicate with each other much often.

　　【解析】選B。細節理解題。根據第二段的內容可知, 在2050年, 人們主要通過電腦進行交流, 而很少進行面對面的交流, 人與人之間的關系也就淡薄了, 因此那時的人們會感到有點孤獨。

　　2. The third paragraph mainly tells us　.

　　A. that computers will do all the things for human beings

　　B. how people will use computers to communicate with each other

　　C. that machines like computers and robots will help people a lot

　　D. how people will use robots to do the housework

　　【解析】選C。段落大意題。根據第三段的內容可知, 計算機和機器人等機器會給人類很大的幫助, 故選C項。

　　. The underlined word“sanguine”in the last paragraph most probably means　.

　　A. disappointedB. surprised

　　C. curious

　　D. optimistic

　　【解析】選D。詞義猜測題。根據文章最后一句可以猜測出作者認為我們對未來應該持積極樂觀的態度, 故選D項。

　　. What does the passage mainly talk about?

　　A. How people will communicate in the year 2050.

　　B. What our life will be like in the year 2050.

　　C. How people will travel and spend their holidays in the year 2050.

　　D. What high technology will appear in the year 2050.

　　【解析】選B。主旨大意題。文章的第一段就是本文的中心, 即設想2050年的生活是什么樣子的, 故選B項。

　　閱讀理解As children reach kindergarten and early grade-school age, they continue to become increasingly more aware of the wider world beyond home, school and their neighborhood. If you haven’t already done so, this can be an excellent time to teach your child about the environment, and how you can work together to go green as a family. If you’ve already introduced some eco-friendly habits in your home, here are some ways your growing child can contribute more to the greening of his world and beyond.

　　My 7-year-old son discovered a magazine cover on the table that featured a cover line about polar bears being endangered because of global warming. I decided to be straight with him—I said yes, there is a danger to polar bears and other wildlife because of pollution. But I told him that we can all do something to go green and help make a difference, and perhaps help the polar bears and all living things on our planet.

　　My grandmothers were immigrants(移民)who lived through wars in South Korea. They used to constantly remind me to turn off the lights, and even not to use too much toilet paper. As it turns out, these were great lessons. Have your child get into the habit of turning off lights and electronic equipment when he’s not using them. A nice bonus(意外收獲): reducing electricity use can help cut down your bills. A grade-schooler is old enough to understand that water comes from lakes and pools. Explain that wasting it can affect everyone who depends on that water. Wasting water also means wasting energy. A tap that runs for five minutes is equal to letting a 60-watt bulb run for 14 hours, according to the Environmental Protection Agency.

　　Make it easier for your grade-schooler to go green by choosing different baskets for glass, metal, paper, and plastic. Have your child draw pictures of recyclable types to mark each basket. Once a season or more, have your child help you look for used clothing, books, toys and other things around the house to give away to local shelters(避難所).

　　【文章大意】本文作者以自己的親身經歷告訴其他母親應該如何在生活中幫助孩子變得更有環保意識, 讓他們從小就有保護環境的觀念。

　　1. The underlined word“contribute”in Paragraph 1 means　.

　　A. buy　

　　B. use　C. give　D. find

　　【解析】選C。詞義猜測題。由于本句里的introduced說明如果你已經介紹給孩子一些環保習慣了, 而且在接下來的三個段落中作者本人又給出一些關于綠色生活的建議。所以這里的contribute的意思是“給出”。

　　2. What makes polar bears in danger according to the passage?

　　A. The global warming at present and in future.

　　B. The pollution of the air in developed countries.

　　C. The loss of the forest all over the world at present.

　　D. The hunt for them by people from across the world.

　　【解析】選A。細節理解題。第二段第一句里的being endangered because of global warming是本題的解題線索。需注意的是B選項, 雖然第二段說到了污染危及一些野生動物的生存, 但并不是針對空氣污染而言, 所以不能選B。

　　3. What does the author learn from her grandmothers?

　　A. Make peace with any other country.

　　B. Not moving to other foreign countries.

　　C. Turn off the lights and the water to go green.

　　D. Live a simple life without spending too much.

　　【解析】選C。推理判斷題。第三段作者提到了自己的祖母和外祖母經歷過戰爭后尤其重視節省, 本段的第二句話是解題線索, 第三、四句是作者的體會和經驗, 第五句開始給出了自己也身體力行的理由, 所以答案選C。但是注意D項雖然不錯, 但是和第二句作者的祖母和外祖母的要求相比, 沒有確切說明為了環保而做的具體措施, 所以不能選。

　　4. What is the best title of the passage?

　　A. Ways to Help Your Child Make Money.

　　B. Ways to Help Your Child Go Green.

　　C. Setting up a Recycling Centre for Your House.

　　D. Setting up Eco-friendly Habits Is Necessary.

　　【解析】選B。主旨大意題。首先要明確這篇文章的作者是一個母親, 她在以自己的經歷告訴別的母親應該幫助自己的孩子更環保, 所以選項里的關鍵詞是child和green。

　　【技法導練】多學一點　棋高一著

　　閱讀理解——“圈點信息”的細節理解題

　　細節理解, 就是在原文中能找到的信息, 可以采用“圈點信息”法, 把涉及的信息“圈點”出來, 以便分析利用。做細節理解題時, 可使用如下方法:

　　1. 細心審題, 帶問題“圈”答案。先從問題中抓住關鍵性詞語(題眼), 然后以此為線索, 運用略讀及跳讀的技巧快速在文章中尋找與此問題相關的段落、語句, 仔細品味, 對照比較, 確定答案。

　　2. 變通理解, 間接轉述“圈”答案。高考設題常對原句細微處進行改動, 選取原文詞語或結構進行改造, 因果倒置, 把A的觀點說成B的觀點等。所以正確理解題干和信息句的意義是關鍵。

　　3. 多點歸納, 綜合事實“圈”答案。全面捕捉相關信息, 進行綜合分析、歸納, 切忌根據“一面之詞”草率地得出結論。

　　上篇文章中的第2題為細節理解題。審題發現此題要求尋找, 這樣帶著這個問題去原文中“圈點信息”就可以發現“”為原因, 由此可以找到答案。

　　答案: 造成北極熊瀕臨危險的原因全球變暖閱讀理解Bedford Castle: The Home of Bedfordshire Royalty

　　Bedfordshire in the south of England had its fair share of royal visits from the early stages of the 10th century onwards and the importance that the county placed on this is evident in the monuments, country houses, churches and any number of other structures that are still present there to this day. Bedford Castle is one of those structures and, although it is nowhere near its former glory today, it is an essential attraction to visit if you really want to grasp what its heritage means to the county!

　　Bedford Castle was built initially as a fortress to help protect Bedfordshire on the south of the River Ouse after the people in the local towns and villages had already been subdued. It was set up in 919 on the orders of King Edward the Elder, although it was destroyed by a Danish invasion years later. This was when it was rebuilt as the castle, of which the ruins exist today!

　　There is a long history behind the castle that involves several kings as a result of the Duke of Bedford being an ardent(熱心的)royalist(保皇主義者). Bedford Castle repeatedly offered the kings of England refuge against various storms in the form of onslaughts(攻擊)from abroad and various domestic threats against them, and this is where much of its fame lies, even though the castle itself is no longer there. There are various tours of the ruins that you can take when you visit though and all of the guides are extremely knowledgeable. They will happily tell you tales of the mound(土丘)and the castle that preceded it.

　　The mound is open to the public all year round and is a proud part of the area’s heritage. It is recommended by the majority of people that you visit Bedfordshire because it tells you much about why the county is currently how it is. You can view the river from the mound and the surrounding settlements as well as the remains of the castle, and every moment spent there is worth it so enjoy the history and the very nature of the county itself!

　　【文章大意】本文向大家介紹了英國的一個旅游勝地——貝德福德城堡。

　　1. What do we know from the first paragraph?

　　A. The royals pay regular visits to Bedfordshire.

　　B. Bedfordshire had its fair share of royal visit.

　　C. Most of the ancient buildings are in use today.

　　D. Bedford Castle represents the history of the county.

　　【解析】選D。主旨大意題。文章第一段主要通過敘述英格蘭南部貝德福德郡和皇室的淵源讓我們了解它獨特的歷史, 而代表性建筑貝德福德城堡正是這段歷史的見證物, 因此D項反映了本段文字的主旨。

　　2. The kings of England came to Bedford Castle　.

　　A. to seek temporary protection

　　B. to visit the Duke of Bedford

　　C. to enjoy the beauty of nature

　　D. to escape from the bad weather

　　【解析】選A。推理判斷題。根據第三段可知, 在歷史上貝德福德城堡曾多次作為英格蘭國王的避難所, 所以可以推斷英格蘭國王來此城堡多半是“尋求臨時庇護”。

　　3. Why are visitors recommended to visit Bedfordshire?

　　A. It is the major heritage in that region.

　　B. It reflects the history of Bedfordshire.

　　C. The ancient castle is well worth visiting.

　　D. The castle is still in good condition.

　　【解析】選B。細節理解題。根據最后一段It is recommended by the majority of people that you visit Bedfordshire because it tells you much about why the county is currently how it is. 一句可知, 游客之所以被建議游覽貝德福德城堡, 就是因為它反映了該郡的歷史變遷。

　　4. The purpose of writing the text is　.

　　A. to introduce Bedford Castle

　　B. to tell the history of Bedfordshire

　　C. to attract tourists to Bedfordshire

　　D. to show where the kings used to go

　　【解析】選A。推理判斷題。結合本文標題和內容可知, 作者寫此文的目的主要是向人們介紹貝德福德城堡的有關情況。所以選A。

　　閱讀理解。閱讀下列短文, 從給的四個選項 (A、B、C和D) 中, 選出最佳選項。

　　Something that has always interested me about Abraham Lincoln is, not surprisingly, his sense of humor. As far as I can tell, he’s the first American President to have one.

　　That’s because the term“sense of humor”really wasn’t in common usage until the eighteen sixties and seventies. In the eighteen forties and fifties, it was called“the sense of the ridiculous”, and didn’t have the positive connotations(隱含意義)that“sense of humor”has today. Back then, what was ridiculous was what invited ridicule(譏笑). Funniness and cruelty went hand in hand. Of course, they still do a lot of arm-in-arm walking in our day as well.

　　Lincoln’s humor was very different because, for one thing, it was actually“humor”as what the word meant in his time. We don’t make the distinction between“wit(風趣)”and“humor”anymore; but in the nineteenth century people did. Wit was unpleasant and offensive while humor was pleasant and sympathetic. It’s the difference we note now when we distinguish between“laughing with”and“laughing at”. Lincoln was much more about“laughing with”than“laughing at”. And when“laughing at”, it was often himself he was teasing.

　　In the famous Lincoln-Douglas debate, when Douglas accused Lincoln of being two-faced, Lincoln replied, referencing his plain looking, “Honestly, if I were two-faced, would I be showing you this one? ”And, in a way, Lincoln’s face itself tells us much about his sense of humor.

　　You can comb through thousands of photographs of politicians, soldiers, and the like from Lincoln’s time and not find a single smile.

　　True, the long exposures(曝光)required for photographs of that time made smiling difficult. Yet Lincoln alone, as far as I can tell, overcame that difficulty.

　　Interestingly, while having a sense of humor, or at least the appearance of one provided by comedy writers, has become a necessary characteristic for an American President in our time, in the nineteenth century, too much humor was considered a problem. And that was the case for Lincoln. A journalist covering the Lincoln-Douglas debate commented that“I could not take a real personal liking to the man, owing to an inborn weakness for which he was even then notorious and so remained during his great public career, he was extremely fond of jokes, anecdotes, and stories. ”

　　【文章大意】說起第16任美國總統亞伯拉罕·林肯, 很多人會立即想起他對解放黑奴和維護美利堅聯邦完整所做出的巨大貢獻, 想起他能言善辯的口才和妙語連珠的演講, 但卻很少有人知道, 林肯的“幽默感”也開創了一個新時代。

　　1. We can infer from Paragraph 2 that　.

　　A. the American President could influence the use of English

　　B. the term“sense of humor”wasn’t invented until the 1860s

　　C. what is funny to someone might be offensive to someone else

　　D. the concept of humor remains the same despite the passing of time

　　【解析】選C。推理判斷題。根據該段中“didn’t have the positive connotations that‘sense of humor’has today(沒有今天幽默感所具有的積極的隱含意義)”和“Back then, what was ridiculous was what invited ridicule. (在當時, 好笑的事就是招致譏笑的事。)”可知C項正確。

　　. The underlined words“this one”in Paragraph 4 refer to　.

　　A. Lincoln’s unattractive face

　　B. Lincoln’s sense of humor

　　C. the debate they were having

　　D. cruelty that went with funniness

　　【解析】選A。詞義猜測題。在林肯與道格拉斯的辯論中, 道格拉斯批評林肯是兩面派, 而林肯提到自己相貌平平(his plain looking), 接著指出“如果我是兩面派, 我還會向你展現我相貌平平的一面嗎”。這說明林肯很幽默。