單詞識記：

　　cause

　　dangerous　

　　death 　storm

　　terrible

　　blow

　　climate

　　terrify

　　flood

　　freeze

　　disaster

　　forecast

　　shake

　　shelter

　　strike

　　cloudy

　　panic

　　pour

　　warmth

　　shower

　　短語掃描：

　　be/get caught in陷入；被困住

　　be/get stuck in 卡住；陷入

　　burn...to the ground全部焚毀；燒為平地

　　clear up(天氣)轉晴；清理；解決

　　weather forecast 天氣預報

　　set...on fire/set fire to使……燃燒；放火燒……

　　blow down吹倒

　　dry up (河流、湖泊等)干涸

　　in ruins成為廢墟；嚴重受損

　　become a victim to成為……的犧牲品

　　[跟蹤訓練]

　　在空格處填入適當的詞(1個單詞)或所給詞的正確形式

　　1．I kept my friend back from the

　　(danger) animal.

　　2．He suffered

　　(terrible) all through his illness.

　　3．The tidal wave formed a

　　(terrify) wall of water.

　　4．Four of them walked under a

　　(cloud) sky and all ended up walking in circles.

　　5．The old lady received him with unusual

　　(warm)．

　　6．I’m afraid we shall be caught

　　the rain on the way.

　　7．Many trees were blown

　　by the strong wind.

　　8．The clothes will soon dry

　　in the wind.

　　9．They saw by the light of the moon that part of the city lay

　　ruins.

　　10．She is clearing

　　the kitchen now.

　　Ⅰ.閱讀理解

　　A

　　Ohio—Lake Erie，the fourth largest lake of North America’s five Great supplies fresh drinking water to an estimated 11 million people in Ohio，Michigan and South Ontario，Canada.

　　Yet sometimes pollution，both from industrial waste and farm-chemical runoff，leaves large areas of the lake covered in half-meter-thick layers of green slime(黏液)．Scientists blame a lot of chemicals entering the water，which has caused pollution.

　　To find out where these chemicals come from，the Ohio Department of Natural Resources has been studying data from its network of 14 water-quality monitoring stations installed along the rivers that flow into the Lake Erie basin.

　　At one point，water from the small stream is diverted into pipe where it is pumped into the testing station.

　　“We’ll have a sample a day，year round so that really pins down what the chemistry is like，” says Dave Baker of Ohio’s Heidelberg University，who took charge of the monitoring stations for the Department of Natural Resources.

　　The U．S.Environmental Protection Agency，the federal government’s pollution watchdog，requires point sources，such as factories，to monitor and report their discharges(排出物)．So Baker is looking for where the other sources of pollution come from.

　　“If there are problems in Lake Erie，we want to know where it’s coming from and make sure we’re putting resources to solve the problem properly，” Baker says.“It’s stations like this that help do that.”

　　In this case，a primary source of the pollution turns out to be chemical fertilizers that wash off farmland during rainstorms.

　　Because farmers and ranchers believe fertilizers are essential to high crop yields，they would like to use them.However，the USDA’s Natural Resource Conservation Service isn’t asking them to abandon farm chemicals，but rather to use them more sparingly(慎用地) so that they don’t run off the land when it rains.

　　Another technique for reducing farm chemical pollution of Lake Erie is cover-crop farming.After the harvest，farmers plant a second quick-growing crop to reduce erosion.The deep-rooted plants，such as rye or turnips，help to cover the soil，allowing worms and fungi to work their magic and helping the soil to absorb more water and nutrients.

　　1．Who provides data from Lake Erie?

　　A．The water-quality monitoring stations.

　　B．Natural Resource Conservation Service.

　　C．The Ohio Department of Natural Resources.

　　D．The U．S.Environmental Protection Agency.

　　2．The underlined phrase “pin down” in Paragraph 5 means “

　　”．

　　A．looks through

　　B．explains exactly

　　C．keep a record of

　　D．show clearly

　　3．What causes the pollution in Lake Erie?

　　A．Animal waste from nearby farms.

　　B．Waste water from a nearby factory.

　　C．Chemical fertilizers from the fields.

　　D．Pesticide farmers used to kill locusts.

　　4．What is the purpose of planting quick-growing crops?

　　A．To prevent worms from eating crops.

　　B．To increase the harvest of the farmers.

　　C．To make full use of chemical fertilizers in the soil.

　　D．To keep the soil from being washed away.

　　B

　　Consumers everywhere are faced with the same dilemma：given limited resources，what sorts of purchases are most likely to produce lasting happiness and satisfaction？Recent research has confirmed that experiential purchases tend to produce greater hedonic(享樂的) gains than material purchases.

　　The reason why experiences improve with time may be that it is possible to think about experiences in a more abstract manner than possessions.For example，if you think back to a fantastic summer from your youth，you might easily remember an abstract sense of warm sunshine and youthful exuberant(生氣勃勃)，but you’re less likely to remember exactly what you did day-by-day.

　　Material possessions are harder to think about in an abstract sense.The car you bought is still a car and that great new jacket you picked up cheap is still just a jacket.It’s more likely that the experience of that summer has taken on a symbolic meaning that can live longer in your memory than a possession.

　　Purchasing may have a negative impact on happiness because consumers often buy ?joyless? material possessions，resulting in comfort but not pleasure.In general，people adapt to experiences more slowly than to material purchases.This can be seen in both negative and positive purchases：hedonic adaptation would result in a positive experience causing more happiness but a negative experience causing less happiness than the comparable material purchase with the same initial happiness level.

　　Experience，however，seems to be more resistant to these sorts of unfavourable comparisons.It is because of the unique nature of experience.It’s more difficult to make an unfavourable comparison when there is nothing directly comparable.After all，each of our youthful summers is different.

　　It’s well established that social comparisons can have a huge effect on how we view what might seem like positive events.One striking example is the findings that people prefer to earn $50,000 a year while everyone else earns $25,000, instead of earning $100,000 themselves and having other people earn $200,000.

　　A similar effect is seen for possessions.When there are so many flat-screen HD TVs to choose from，it’s easy to make unfavourable comparisons between our choice and the others available.

　　5．An abstract sense in the passage refers to awareness of something

　　.

　　A．you cannot think about

　　B．you can’ t remember well

　　C．you cannot understand

　　D．you cannot see or touch

　　6．If you make an experiential purchase before a material purchase，you may go to

　　.

　　A．a theatre before going to a store

　　B．an exhibition before going to a park

　　C．a mall before going to a grocer’s

　　D．a market before going to a restaurant

　　7．The example of earnings is given to actually indicate

　　.

　　A．how ridiculous people are

　　B．how people feel content

　　C．how near-sighted people are

　　D．how people hold prejudice

　　8．It is implied in the passage that，after their material purchases，people might

　　.

　　A．enjoy their ownership of what they have bought

　　B．pick every fault in the products they have got

　　C．regret making a wrong decision to buy the items

　　D．leave what they’ve purchased untouched at home

　?、?七選五

　　While serious training is important for all dogs，playtime is just as important.

　　9

　　Use these games to help teach your dog how to play.

　　1．Hide and Seek

　　Hide and seek isn’t just for kids.Dogs can really enjoy this game.Pick up one of your dog’s favorite toys or treats.Tell your dog to stay.

　　10

　　When you are ready，call your dog to come to you.If possible，squeak(使吱吱叫) the toy or shake the treats.Reward your dog with praise and the toy treats when she finds you.

　　2．Fetch

　　Many dogs have a natural ability to fetch.Other dogs can be taught how.

　　11

　　Play indoors with a soft toy or outdoors in a fenced-in area with a ball or disc.For dogs that really love to run，try this game of fetch!

　　3．Find the Treat

　　Dogs have superior senses of smell，and most love to use their noses to find food.Let your dog use her brain and her nose to find hidden goodies.First，have your dog stay out of sight.Then，hide her favorite treats in different places around the room.

　　12

　　If help is needed，you can lead her around or point to areas for her to explore.

　　Whatever the game，safety comes first! Remember to watch your dog for signs of exhaustion or overheating when you are playing.Stop if your dog seems tired or shows signs of anxiety.

　　13

　　When other dogs or people are around，it may create a dangerous distraction(分神)．

　　A．A good game of fetch can be played almost anywhere.

　　B．Try different games to see which your dog responds to best.

　　C．You can include games in training as well.

　　D．Also be aware of your surroundings when playing with your dog.

　　E．Bring your dog back in and tell her to “go find！”

　　F．Encourage your dog to play with other dogs.

　　G．Then，go to find a good hiding place.

　　加練半小時　英語答案精析

　　第52練　天氣與自然災害類

　　高考高頻單詞與短語識記排查

　　1．dangerous　2.terribly　3.terrifying　4.cloudy

　　5．warmth　6.in　7.down　8.up　9.in　10.up

　　閱讀能力專練

　　Ⅰ.1.A　[細節理解題。根據第三段內容可知，伊利湖沿岸的14個水質檢測站為研究者提供了關于水質的數據。故選A。]

　　2．B　[詞義猜測題。根據畫線詞所在句可知，水質檢測站人員每天都提取水樣，這樣可以準確地解釋水中的化學物質究竟是什么。故選B。]

　　3．C　[細節理解題。根據倒數第三段內容可知，附近農田里的化肥在暴風雨中被沖刷到伊利湖中，造成了水污染。故選C。]

　　4．C　[推理判斷題。根據最后一段內容可知，在莊稼收獲之后，農民可以種植速生作物，以便可以充分吸收土壤中殘留的化肥，避免土壤被侵蝕。 故選C。]

　　5．D　[推理判斷題。根據第二段中的“For example，if you think back to a fantastic summer from your youth，you might easily remember an abstract sense of warm sunshine and youthful exuberant(生氣勃勃)，but you’re less likely to remember exactly what you did day-by-day.”可知抽象感是看不見、摸不著的。故選D。]

　　6．A　[細節理解題。a theatre是經歷性的消費，a store是物質消費，故A項符合要求。]

　　7．B　[推理判斷題。根據倒數第二段內容尤其是其中的關鍵詞prefer，可知講的是人們怎樣獲得滿足感。故選B。]

　　8．C　[推理判斷題。根據第四段第一句“Purchasing may have a negative impact on happiness because consumers often buy ‘joyless’ material possessions，resulting in comfort but not pleasure.”可推知購買實物后人們總是后悔自己的決定。故選C。]

　　Ⅱ.9.C　10.G　11.A　12.E　13.D

　　單詞識記：

　　cause

　　dangerous　

　　death 　storm

　　terrible

　　blow

　　climate

　　terrify

　　flood

　　freeze

　　disaster

　　forecast

　　shake

　　shelter

　　strike

　　cloudy

　　panic

　　pour

　　warmth

　　shower

　　短語掃描：

　　be/get caught in陷入；被困住

　　be/get stuck in 卡住；陷入

　　burn...to the ground全部焚毀；燒為平地

　　clear up(天氣)轉晴；清理；解決

　　weather forecast 天氣預報

　　set...on fire/set fire to使……燃燒；放火燒……

　　blow down吹倒

　　dry up (河流、湖泊等)干涸

　　in ruins成為廢墟；嚴重受損

　　become a victim to成為……的犧牲品

　　[跟蹤訓練]

　　在空格處填入適當的詞(1個單詞)或所給詞的正確形式

　　1．I kept my friend back from the

　　(danger) animal.

　　2．He suffered

　　(terrible) all through his illness.

　　3．The tidal wave formed a

　　(terrify) wall of water.

　　4．Four of them walked under a

　　(cloud) sky and all ended up walking in circles.

　　5．The old lady received him with unusual

　　(warm)．

　　6．I’m afraid we shall be caught

　　the rain on the way.

　　7．Many trees were blown

　　by the strong wind.

　　8．The clothes will soon dry

　　in the wind.

　　9．They saw by the light of the moon that part of the city lay

　　ruins.

　　10．She is clearing

　　the kitchen now.

　　Ⅰ.閱讀理解

　　A

　　Ohio—Lake Erie，the fourth largest lake of North America’s five Great supplies fresh drinking water to an estimated 11 million people in Ohio，Michigan and South Ontario，Canada.

　　Yet sometimes pollution，both from industrial waste and farm-chemical runoff，leaves large areas of the lake covered in half-meter-thick layers of green slime(黏液)．Scientists blame a lot of chemicals entering the water，which has caused pollution.

　　To find out where these chemicals come from，the Ohio Department of Natural Resources has been studying data from its network of 14 water-quality monitoring stations installed along the rivers that flow into the Lake Erie basin.

　　At one point，water from the small stream is diverted into pipe where it is pumped into the testing station.

　　“We’ll have a sample a day，year round so that really pins down what the chemistry is like，” says Dave Baker of Ohio’s Heidelberg University，who took charge of the monitoring stations for the Department of Natural Resources.

　　The U．S.Environmental Protection Agency，the federal government’s pollution watchdog，requires point sources，such as factories，to monitor and report their discharges(排出物)．So Baker is looking for where the other sources of pollution come from.

　　“If there are problems in Lake Erie，we want to know where it’s coming from and make sure we’re putting resources to solve the problem properly，” Baker says.“It’s stations like this that help do that.”

　　In this case，a primary source of the pollution turns out to be chemical fertilizers that wash off farmland during rainstorms.

　　Because farmers and ranchers believe fertilizers are essential to high crop yields，they would like to use them.However，the USDA’s Natural Resource Conservation Service isn’t asking them to abandon farm chemicals，but rather to use them more sparingly(慎用地) so that they don’t run off the land when it rains.

　　Another technique for reducing farm chemical pollution of Lake Erie is cover-crop farming.After the harvest，farmers plant a second quick-growing crop to reduce erosion.The deep-rooted plants，such as rye or turnips，help to cover the soil，allowing worms and fungi to work their magic and helping the soil to absorb more water and nutrients.

　　1．Who provides data from Lake Erie?

　　A．The water-quality monitoring stations.

　　B．Natural Resource Conservation Service.

　　C．The Ohio Department of Natural Resources.

　　D．The U．S.Environmental Protection Agency.

　　2．The underlined phrase “pin down” in Paragraph 5 means “

　　”．

　　A．looks through

　　B．explains exactly

　　C．keep a record of

　　D．show clearly

　　3．What causes the pollution in Lake Erie?

　　A．Animal waste from nearby farms.

　　B．Waste water from a nearby factory.

　　C．Chemical fertilizers from the fields.

　　D．Pesticide farmers used to kill locusts.

　　4．What is the purpose of planting quick-growing crops?

　　A．To prevent worms from eating crops.

　　B．To increase the harvest of the farmers.

　　C．To make full use of chemical fertilizers in the soil.

　　D．To keep the soil from being washed away.

　　B

　　Consumers everywhere are faced with the same dilemma：given limited resources，what sorts of purchases are most likely to produce lasting happiness and satisfaction？Recent research has confirmed that experiential purchases tend to produce greater hedonic(享樂的) gains than material purchases.

　　The reason why experiences improve with time may be that it is possible to think about experiences in a more abstract manner than possessions.For example，if you think back to a fantastic summer from your youth，you might easily remember an abstract sense of warm sunshine and youthful exuberant(生氣勃勃)，but you’re less likely to remember exactly what you did day-by-day.

　　Material possessions are harder to think about in an abstract sense.The car you bought is still a car and that great new jacket you picked up cheap is still just a jacket.It’s more likely that the experience of that summer has taken on a symbolic meaning that can live longer in your memory than a possession.

　　Purchasing may have a negative impact on happiness because consumers often buy ?joyless? material possessions，resulting in comfort but not pleasure.In general，people adapt to experiences more slowly than to material purchases.This can be seen in both negative and positive purchases：hedonic adaptation would result in a positive experience causing more happiness but a negative experience causing less happiness than the comparable material purchase with the same initial happiness level.

　　Experience，however，seems to be more resistant to these sorts of unfavourable comparisons.It is because of the unique nature of experience.It’s more difficult to make an unfavourable comparison when there is nothing directly comparable.After all，each of our youthful summers is different.

　　It’s well established that social comparisons can have a huge effect on how we view what might seem like positive events.One striking example is the findings that people prefer to earn $50,000 a year while everyone else earns $25,000, instead of earning $100,000 themselves and having other people earn $200,000.

　　A similar effect is seen for possessions.When there are so many flat-screen HD TVs to choose from，it’s easy to make unfavourable comparisons between our choice and the others available.

　　5．An abstract sense in the passage refers to awareness of something

　　.

　　A．you cannot think about

　　B．you can’ t remember well

　　C．you cannot understand

　　D．you cannot see or touch

　　6．If you make an experiential purchase before a material purchase，you may go to

　　.

　　A．a theatre before going to a store

　　B．an exhibition before going to a park

　　C．a mall before going to a grocer’s

　　D．a market before going to a restaurant

　　7．The example of earnings is given to actually indicate

　　.

　　A．how ridiculous people are

　　B．how people feel content

　　C．how near-sighted people are

　　D．how people hold prejudice

　　8．It is implied in the passage that，after their material purchases，people might

　　.

　　A．enjoy their ownership of what they have bought

　　B．pick every fault in the products they have got

　　C．regret making a wrong decision to buy the items

　　D．leave what they’ve purchased untouched at home

　?、?七選五

　　While serious training is important for all dogs，playtime is just as important.

　　9

　　Use these games to help teach your dog how to play.

　　1．Hide and Seek

　　Hide and seek isn’t just for kids.Dogs can really enjoy this game.Pick up one of your dog’s favorite toys or treats.Tell your dog to stay.

　　10

　　When you are ready，call your dog to come to you.If possible，squeak(使吱吱叫) the toy or shake the treats.Reward your dog with praise and the toy treats when she finds you.

　　2．Fetch

　　Many dogs have a natural ability to fetch.Other dogs can be taught how.

　　11

　　Play indoors with a soft toy or outdoors in a fenced-in area with a ball or disc.For dogs that really love to run，try this game of fetch!

　　3．Find the Treat

　　Dogs have superior senses of smell，and most love to use their noses to find food.Let your dog use her brain and her nose to find hidden goodies.First，have your dog stay out of sight.Then，hide her favorite treats in different places around the room.

　　12

　　If help is needed，you can lead her around or point to areas for her to explore.

　　Whatever the game，safety comes first! Remember to watch your dog for signs of exhaustion or overheating when you are playing.Stop if your dog seems tired or shows signs of anxiety.

　　13

　　When other dogs or people are around，it may create a dangerous distraction(分神)．

　　A．A good game of fetch can be played almost anywhere.

　　B．Try different games to see which your dog responds to best.

　　C．You can include games in training as well.

　　D．Also be aware of your surroundings when playing with your dog.

　　E．Bring your dog back in and tell her to “go find！”

　　F．Encourage your dog to play with other dogs.

　　G．Then，go to find a good hiding place.

　　加練半小時　英語答案精析

　　第52練　天氣與自然災害類

　　高考高頻單詞與短語識記排查

　　1．dangerous　2.terribly　3.terrifying　4.cloudy

　　5．warmth　6.in　7.down　8.up　9.in　10.up

　　閱讀能力專練

　?、?1.A　[細節理解題。根據第三段內容可知，伊利湖沿岸的14個水質檢測站為研究者提供了關于水質的數據。故選A。]

　　2．B　[詞義猜測題。根據畫線詞所在句可知，水質檢測站人員每天都提取水樣，這樣可以準確地解釋水中的化學物質究竟是什么。故選B。]

　　3．C　[細節理解題。根據倒數第三段內容可知，附近農田里的化肥在暴風雨中被沖刷到伊利湖中，造成了水污染。故選C。]

　　4．C　[推理判斷題。根據最后一段內容可知，在莊稼收獲之后，農民可以種植速生作物，以便可以充分吸收土壤中殘留的化肥，避免土壤被侵蝕。 故選C。]

　　5．D　[推理判斷題。根據第二段中的“For example，if you think back to a fantastic summer from your youth，you might easily remember an abstract sense of warm sunshine and youthful exuberant(生氣勃勃)，but you’re less likely to remember exactly what you did day-by-day.”可知抽象感是看不見、摸不著的。故選D。]

　　6．A　[細節理解題。a theatre是經歷性的消費，a store是物質消費，故A項符合要求。]

　　7．B　[推理判斷題。根據倒數第二段內容尤其是其中的關鍵詞prefer，可知講的是人們怎樣獲得滿足感。故選B。]

　　8．C　[推理判斷題。根據第四段第一句“Purchasing may have a negative impact on happiness because consumers often buy ‘joyless’ material possessions，resulting in comfort but not pleasure.”可推知購買實物后人們總是后悔自己的決定。故選C。]

　?、?9.C　10.G　11.A　12.E　13.D