專題六 動詞的時態和語態

　　A組　三年模擬精選(2024～2024)(改編)

　　.(2024·太原期末)Then the driver stood up and asked

　　anyone lose a

　　suitcase at the last stop？”

　　解析　考查一般過去時。此處是詢問過去發生的事情應該用一般過去時謂語是實義動詞lose所以要用助動詞Did。

　　答案　Did

　　(2024·西鐵一中二模)Her mother was excited.“Your father has at last decided to stop smoking

　　(inform).

　　解析　考查一般過去時的被動語態。因Jane與動詞inform之間為被動關系再結合前面的was excited根據時態一致的原則此處也要用一般過去時。

　　答案　was informed

　　(2024·福州八中質檢)Being too anxious to help an event develop often

　　(result) in the contrary to our intention.

　　解析　考查一般現在時。從句子結構分析動名詞短語Being too anxious to help an event develop作主語是謂語動詞應當考慮時results。

　　答案　results

　　(2024·保定六市六校聯盟)By April 2008

　　(put)

　　on Wikipedia.

　　解析　考查過去完成時的被動語態。句意：到2008年4月份千by April 2008連用謂語動詞要用過去完成時而且主語articles和動詞put之間是被動關系。

　　答案　had been put

　　(2024·河南六市聯考)Tai Chi

　　(call) “shadow boxing” in English.

　　解析　考查一般現在時的被動語態。句意：太極在shadow boxing。主語Tai Chi與動詞call之間為被動關系且這是一個客觀事實故要用一般現在時的被動語態形式。

　　答案　is called

　　(2024·山西太原五中月考)A comprehensive study

　　(report) that of the

　　nearly 3－motorist crashes that occurred between 2000 and 2010t－and－runs.

　　解析　考查時態。句意：一個調查報道說在2000到2010年至少發生了3000起事故百分之二十的逃逸率。根據后面的occurred可知此處要用一般過去時。

　　答案　reported

　　(2024·吉林一中月考)For thousands of years

　　(mark) by

　　eating Zongzi and racing dragon boats in honour of Qu Yuan.

　　解析　考查時態。由時間狀語for thousands of years可知謂語動詞要用現在完成時表示端午節一直以來都以吃粽子和賽龍舟的方式進行慶祝。

　　答案　has been marked

　　8(2024·內蒙古包鋼一中月考)I'm so sorryt sometimes the bus can

　　(delay) by some problems.

　　解析　考查語態。the bus和delay之間是被動關系故用被動語態。

　　答案　be delayed

　　(2024·海Now college graduates

　　(encourage) to start their

　　own business，which sounds really good for us.

　　解析　考查時態和語態。句意：現在大學畢業生正在被鼓勵自主創業對我們來說這聽起來不錯。根據時間狀語now可知是正在進行時學生與鼓勵之間是被動關系故用現在進行時的被動語態。

　　答案　are being encouraged

　　(2024·寧夏銀川一中月考)So far I

　　(adopt) and taught children for over

　　35 years.

　　解析　考查時態。根據時間狀語so far“到目前為止”可知該狀語要與現在完成時連用。

　　答案　have adopted

　　(2024·廣東揭陽一中、潮州金山中學聯考)So the questions must

　　(deal)

　　with carefully

　　解析　考查語態。主語questions和動詞deal with之間是被動關系。

　　答案　be dealt

　　(2024·內蒙古師大附中月考)As a childy...the worst

　　impression is that I

　　(feel) hungry all the time.

　　解析　考查時態。根據時間狀語all the time 可知此處要用進行時態表示“一直”這里是過去的事情所以用過去進行時。

　　答案　was feeling

　　(2024·黑龍江雙鴨山一中月考)Sandy：What about his sister Did she pass?

　　Tom：Oh

　　(get) good marks.

　　解析　考查時態。答句意為“好象她得了高分”。發生在過去的事要用一般過去時。

　　答案　got

　　(2024·河南洛陽一高月考)I think Chinese people choose chopsticks

　　knives and forks，because Chinese people，under the influence of Confucianism，

　　(consider) knives and forks as symbolizing a type of violence traditionally.

　　解析　考查時態。中國人在儒家思想的影響下傳統地認為刀和叉是暴力的象征。此處表示對現在造成的影響和結果故要用現在完成時。

　　答案　have considered

　　(2024·遼寧錦州市質量檢測一)He jumped out of the car

　　(seize) a boy

　　and pushed him up against the parked car.

　　解析　考查一般過去時。他從汽車里面跳了出來抓住一個男孩。和jumped構成并列謂語故要用一般過去時。

　　答案　seized

　　(2024·河北邯鄲市一模)Simon：Right.And how many people are coming? Did

　　you say about 8?

　　：Yes

　　(change) to 6 this morning.

　　解析　考查一般過去時。他們一開始說是8個人但是后來改成了6個。根據時間狀語this morning可知此處要用一般過去時。

　　答案　changed

　　(2024·山西太原五中模擬)He goes to a Buddhist monk for advice and expects to

　　(tell) how to live a more simple life.

　　解析　考查被動語態。此人到廟里拜見高僧尋求指點期望被告知如何過更簡樸的生活。expect sb to do sth 期望某人做某事因為he和tell之間為被動關系故要用be told。

　　答案　be told

　　(2024·遼寧錦州市質量檢測一)“He

　　(hurt)avy for

　　me”.

　　解析　考查一般現在時的被動語態。句意：他受傷了對我來說他太重了。he和動詞hurt之間是被動關系且說的是客觀事實故要用一般現在時的被動語態形式。

　　答案　is hurt

　　(2024·黑龍江大慶一He

　　(work) hard at his lessons every

　　evening for months.He wants to go to Oxford University next year.

　　解析　考查現在完成進行時。這幾個月他一直在努力學習。用現在完成進行時表示最近一直在做的事情。

　　答案　has been working

　　(2024·黑龍江哈三中一模)If you

　　(happen) meet a girl online who is

　　intelligent

　　解析　考查動詞的時態和固定表達。條件狀語從句要用一般現在時表將來碰巧做某事。

　　答案　happen to

　　(2024·山西太原五中模擬)There

　　(be) more than 100 million references

　　to the word “tuhao” on social media since early September this year.

　　解析　考查現在完成時。九月份上旬以來土豪”一詞在中國社交網絡上出現了1億多次。和時間狀語since early September this year 連用要用現在完成時。

　　答案　have been

　　(2024·黑龍江哈三中二模)All the discoveries in human history have

　　(make) as a result of curiosity.

　　解析　考查被動語態。the discoveries和動詞make之間為動賓關系空格前的have表明句子用現在完成時故要用現在完成時的被動語態。

　　答案　been made

　　(2024·深圳模擬)Besides

　　experience：people stepped on your feet or

　　(push) you with their elbows(肘部).

　　解析　考查一般過去時。根據連詞or可知動詞push與stepped并列所以也要用一般過去時。

　　答案　pushed

　　(2024·韶關重點中學六次月考)The machine

　　() with securing

　　cameras and alarms and looks like a mini shop with a brick front，a grey roof and a display window.

　　解析　考查一般be equipped with配備有……。因為主語The machine是單數再結合后面的looks like可知此處要用一般現在時故要用 is 。

　　答案　is equipped

　　(2024·佛山月考)In recent years

　　chains

　　(force) village shops across the country to close.

　　解析　考查現在完成時。句意：近幾年來自超市連鎖店的壓力已經迫使鄉村商店關門。in recent years相當于recently和現在完成時連用因為主語是pressure所以謂語要用單數形式。

　　答案　has forced

　　組　一年創新導向

　　(關注一般過去時表過去的事實)—You've got your flat furnished,

　　—Yes，I

　　some used furniture and it was a real bargain.

　　解析　句意：——你的房子裝修好了不是嗎？——是的我買了一些二手家具確實便宜。從后面的was可知買家具是過去的動作故用一般過去時。

　　答案　bought

　　(關注現在完成時和過去完成時的區別)John and I

　　(be) friends for eight

　　years. We first got to know each other at a Christmas party. But we

　　(meet) each other a couple of times before that.

　　解析　根據第一空后面的“for eight years”可知第一空應用現在完成時；根據第二空前面的“got”及后面的“before that”可知這一動作發生在got之前故第二空應用過去完成時。

　　答案　have been；had met

　　(關注過去進行時表過去一段時間內正在進行的動作)

　　you come in?

　　—I don't think so. She

　　(review) her lessons then.

　　解析　句意：——嗨加理剛才琳達看見你進來了嗎？——我認為沒有。她當時正在復習功課。根據答語第二句中的then可知應用過去進行時。

　　答案　was reviewing

　　(關注各種時態的被動語態)A lot of attention

　　(pay) to greenhouse gas

　　emission. Look at those posters for environmental protection.

　　解析　句意：溫室氣體的排放得到了很多關注。看那些關于環境保護的海報。根據“Look at”可知此處指的是現在的情況且pay與attention之間構成邏輯上的動賓關系故用現在進行時的被動語態。

　　答案　is being paid

　　(關注不用在被動語態中的詞)—Does China have cultural relics?

　　(belong) China.

　　解析　belong to不用于被動語態和進行時態。“許多世界文化遺產如長城、布達拉宮、莫高窟等屬于中國”這是一個客觀事實應該用一般現在時。從句的主語是many cultural relics所以謂語動詞要用復數形式。

　　答案　belong to

　　組　語境對點演練

　　語篇填空

　　用括號中動詞的適當形式填空。

　　Welcome to our school.I'd like to introduce you to plans for our school.A lot of work

　　1

　　(do) in the past few years.The library 2

　　(complete) and is ready for use.But we still have to do more work.A new biology lab

　　3

　　(build)this year.But we don't have enough money for the equipment.Students in all grades

　　4

　　(collect) money.The money which is collected

　　5

　　(spend) on new equipment.At present，a plan

　　6

　　(make) for a party at the end of the term，at which wonderful performances

　　7

　　(put)on.

　　The gardens of the school

　　8

　　(improve) this year.New trees

　　9

　　(plant) which will soon give shade in summer.The whole school

　　10

　　(paint) during the summer holidays.In fact，our school is becoming more and more beautiful.

　　答案　1.has been done　2.has been completed　3.is being built　4.are collecting　5.will be spent　6.is being made　8.are being improved　9.are being planted

　　Ⅱ.語法填空

　　閱讀下面短文按照句子結構的語法性和上下文連貫的要求在空格處填入一個適當的詞或使用括號中詞語的正確形式填空。

　　(2024·珠海模擬)It was a city in Hubei Province.On International Children's Day(孤兒)from the Wuhan Welfare Institute for Children

　　1

　　(take) to the park.An elderly westerner was with them.The children were eager to tell him everything that was going on.They held him by the hand and never hesitated to call

　　2

　　ofessor William Dorrity from Florida，the USA.In 2003，

　　3

　　Professor Dorrity and his wife retired，they came to Wuhan and started to work as volunteers at the Welfare Institute.

　　The Dorritys have been working hard

　　4

　　(improve) the conditions at the Welfare Institute since they came.They often take children on day－trips

　　5

　　(bring) along with them all kinds of food for the kids to enjoy.They recently bought audiphones for four orphans

　　6

　　hearing problems and small tape recorders for three blind children.They also bought a wheelchair for ten－year－old Tan Jun

　　7

　　suffers from a brain problem.With the

　　8

　　(arrive) of spring，the Dorritys took the children for

　　9

　　outing.“We love China and we love children，”Dorrity said，“

　　10

　　we are happy to do this.”

　　【語篇導讀】　本文主要講一對來自佛羅里達州的夫婦退休后在武漢兒童福利院做義工的故事。

　　解析　考查被動語態。孤兒被帶到公園所以用被動形式。

　　答案　were taken

　　解析　考查代詞。call后接雙賓語。

　　答案　him

　　解析　考查連詞。“當(when)Dorrity教授和他的妻子退休時”或“在Dorrity

　　教授和他的妻子退休之后”。

　　答案　when/after

　　解析　考查動詞不定式。動詞不定式表示目的表示“為了改善情況努力工

　　作”。

　　答案　to improve

　　5.解析　考查非謂語動詞。they和bring是主動關系所以用現在分詞表示伴隨

　　狀況。

　　答案　bringing

　　解析　考查介詞。有聽力障礙的孤兒。

　　答案　with

　　解析　考查定語從句。who作suffers的主語指代Tan Jun。

　　答案　who

　　解析　考查詞形轉換。結構：the＋＋of。

　　答案　arrival

　　解析　考查冠詞。take sb for an outing意為“帶某人去郊游”。

　　答案　an

　　解析　考查連詞。我們愛中國我們愛孩子所以很高興這樣做。