專題十四 閱讀七選五

　　2024～2011年各省市高考題

　　Passage 1

　　(2024·新課標全國)

　　根據短文內容從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處

　　Building Trust in a Relationship Again

　　Trust is a learned behavior that we gain from past experiences.

　　1

　　Trust is a risk.But you can't be successful when there's a lack of trust in a relationship that results from an action where the wrongdoer takes no responsibility to fix the mistake.

　　Unfortunately，we've all been victims of betrayal.Whether we've been stolen from，lied to，misled，or cheated on，there are different levels of losing trust.Sometimes people simply can't trust anymore.

　　2

　　It's understandable，but if you're willing to build trust in a relationship again，we have some steps you can take to get you there.

　　●

　　3

　　Having confidence in yourself will help you make better choices because you can see what the best outcome would be for your well－being.

　　4

　　If you've been betrayed，you are the victim of your circumstance.But there's a difference between being a victim and living with a “victim mentality”.At some point in all of our lives，we'll have our trust tested or violated.

　　●You didn't lose “everything”.Once trust is lost，what is left？Instead of looking at the situation from this hopeless angle

　　5

　　Instead，it's a healthy way to work through the experience to allow room for positive growth and forgiveness.

　　A.Learn to really trust yourself.

　　B.It is putting confidence in someone.

　　C.Stop regarding yourself as the victim.

　　D.Remember that you can expect the best in return.

　　E.They've been too badly hurt and they can't bear to let it happen again.

　　F.This knowledge carries over in their attitude toward their future relationships.

　　G.Seeing the positive side of things doesn't mean you're ignoring what happened.

　　【語篇導讀】　這是一篇議論文。信任是來源于人們以往經歷的一種非天生行為。但有時它也會帶來風險。當我們失去對別人的信任時該如何重新獲得呢？本文向前讀者介紹了幾點實用的做法。

　　解析　本題考查綜合分析能力。前句講的是信任是人們從過去的經歷中學來的

　　一種行為。本空在此基礎上做進一步的說明即信任就是依賴某人。故答案選B。

　　答案　B

　　解析　本題考查聯系上下文的能力。本段的主要內容是人們由于遭受欺騙或

　　受到誤導等而倍感受傷不能忍受此類事情再次發生從而就不再相信任何人。E項中的they與前句中的people相對應且與下句“It's understandable.”銜接自然文意相通。故答案為E。

　　答案　E

　　解析　本題考查聯系上下文的能力。后面一句是對空格的解釋和說明。其中

　　“Having confidence in yourself”與A項中的trust yourself意義相近。因此答案選A。

　　答案　A

　　解析　本題考查綜合分析能力。通讀本段可知其大意是：一旦遭到背叛你就

　　成為客觀環境的受害者但作為一名受害者和以受害者的身份去生活是不同的。所選答案應當包含關鍵詞victim。由此可知答案為C。

　　答案　C

　　解析　本題考查運用語境進行推斷的能力。本段的內容圍繞主題句“You didn't

　　lose everything.”展開。一旦失去了信任就要將目光放在仍然擁有的一切上面對生活中美好的人或事心存感激。通過這一次的經歷給諒解和自身的成長提供足夠的空間才是正確的做法。因此答案為G。另外空格之后的Instead一詞對解答本題有明顯的提示作用。

　　答案　G

　　Passage 2

　　(2024·新課標全國

　　根據短文內容從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。

　　increases in the length of the runs.

　　1

　　，buy the best－fitting－built running shoes you can find.No one can say which brand will work best for you or feel best on your feetr as you shop.When you have found shoes that seem right，walk in them for a few days to double－check the fit.

　　2

　　.As always(伸展) at least ten minutes before each run to prevent injuries.

　　istance，but run five minutes longer each day.

　　3

　　，it is wise to take a day off to rest.But during the next week，set a goal of at least a mile and a half per run.

　　4

　　.After two weeks，start timing yourself.

　　5

　　.Depending on the kind of race you plan to enter，you can set up a timetable for the remaining weeks before the race.

　　A.After six days

　　B.For a good marathon runner

　　C.Before you begin your training

　　D.With each day，increase the distance by a half mile

　　E.If they still feel good，you can begin running in them

　　F.Time spent for preparation raises the quality of training

　　G.Now you are ready to figure out a goal of improving distance and time

　　【語篇導讀】　這篇短文向讀者介紹了馬拉松訓練之前要做的準備工作包括跑鞋的挑選和注意事項也給出了每日訓練里程的建議。

　　解析　本題考查綜合分析能力。馬拉松訓練需要精心準備且要按照循序漸進

　　的原則增加跑步里程。而空格之后的購買鞋子的事宜也是準備工作的一部分需要提前做好。故答案選C。

　　C

　　2.解析　本題考查聯系上下文的能力。由上句可知找到合適的鞋子之后穿上幾

　　天以確認一下是否合適。E項承接這一內容若仍然感覺舒適跑步時就可以穿上。

　　答案　E

　　解析　本題考查聯系上下文的能力。由“to take a day off to rest”可知在第一周

　　時要留出一天的休息時間。因此A項與語境相吻合。

　　答案　A

　　解析　本題考查綜合分析能力。前文談論的是跑步里程的問題選項D與此相

　　對應。關鍵詞a half有助于鎖定D項為正確答案。

　　答案　D

　　解析　本題考查運用語境進行推斷的能力。本段開始論述的是前兩周的跑步里

　　程空格前面一句說的是時間問題而選項G中的distance和time恰好與這兩個話題相關聯。因此答案為G。

　　答案　G

　　Passage 3

　　(2024·北京)

　　根據短文內容從短文后的七個選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。

　　This Way to Dreamland

　　d reputation for being unaware of what's happening around them. They can seem forgetful and clumsy.

　　1

　　They annoy us because they seem to be ignoring us and missing the important things.

　　But daydreamers are also responsible for some of the greatest ideas and achievements in human history.

　　2

　　Can you imagine what kind of world we would have without such ideas and inventions?

　　So how can we come up with brilliant daydreams and avoid falling over tree roots or otherwise looking like a fool?

　　First, understand that some opportunities(機會) for daydreaming are better than others. Feeling safe and relaxed will help you to slip into daydreams.

　　3

　　And if you want to improve your chances of having a creative idea while you're daydreaming,

　　It's also important to know how to avoid daydreams for those times when you really need to concentrate. “Mindfulness”， being focused, is a tool that some people use to avoid falling asleep.

　　4

　　Finally, you never know what wonderful idea might strike while your mind has moved slowly away.

　　5

　　Always remember that your best ideas might come when your head is actually in the clouds.

　　A.Having interesting things to think about also helps.

　　B.They stare off into space and wander by themselves.

　　C.Without wandering minds, we wouldn't have relativity, Coke or Post－it notes.

　　ime, daydreaming was thought to be a cause of some mental illnesses.

　　E.It involves slow, steady breathing for self－control that helps people stay calm and

　　attentive.

　　be hard to understand.

　　G.Therefore, it's a good idea to keep a notebook or voice recorder nearby when you're

　　in the daydream zone.

　　【語篇導讀】　本文主要介紹了“白日夢”現象事實上有助于創造性思維的開發。

　　解析　第一段具體列舉“白日夢”在大眾印象中的有哪些弊端。選項在文章前

　　后句中起到段內邏輯連接的作用。故選B。

　　答案　B

　　解析　本段話主要說明白日夢其實有很多好處選項前后是順承關系故選C。

　　答案　C

　　解析　選項A中的“also helps”與空前一句中的“help”對應且兩句話主語形式

　　統一都說的是進入空想的條件故答案為A項。

　　答案　A

　　解析　本段主要談如何避免空想。選項E中的It指代上句中的Mindfulness

　　此時是對上句內容的解釋故答案為E項。

　　答案　E

　　解析　本選項中有邏輯詞therefore可作為解題線索之一空前主要講了精彩的

　　想法隨時都會出現所以帶一個筆記本或錄音機以便隨時記錄是一個好主意。故選G。

　　答案　G

　　Passage 4

　　(2024·四川)

　　根據對話內容從對話后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項多余選項。

　　：I need to lose some weight.My clothes don't fit anymore.

　　1

　　：Well,

　　A：

　　2

　　Like cycling, or you could work out at the gym.

　　A: I don't have time.

　　3

　　B：OK,

　　4

　　A：You mean no more hamburgers! Oh no!

　　OK.

　　5

　　A.Like what?

　　B.I'm too busy.

　　C.What should I do?

　　D.Some more hamburgers?

　　E.Buy some larger clothes then.

　　F.That's a good idea.Thanks a lot.

　　G.Eat something healthier, like fruit.

　　【語篇導讀】　本文通過兩個人的對話告訴了我們減肥的方法以及不減肥的后果。

　　解析　考查對下文的總結概括能力。根據下文的you could do more exercise.可

　　知上文是詢問該怎么做故選擇C。

　　答案　C

　　解析　考查對下文的總結概括能力。根據下文的Like cycling,

　　out at the gym.可知上文要求說話者舉例說明故選擇A。

　　答案　A

　　解析　考查對下文的總結概括能力。根據上文的I don't have time.可知選擇B

　　意為我很忙。

　　答案　B

　　解析　考查對下文的總結概括能力。根據上文的you could change your diet.可

　　知應吃些健康食品如水果。

　　答案　G

　　解析　考查對下文的總結概括能力。根據上文的You mean no more hamburgers!

　　Oh no！可知如果不這樣做就只有買大號的衣服了。

　　答案　E

　　Passage 5

　　(2024·北京)

　　根據短文內容從短文后的七個選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。

　　Evaluating Sources (來源) of Health Information

　　aking good choices about your own health requires reasonable evaluation.A key first step in bettering your evaluation ability is to look carefully at your sources of health information.Reasonable evaluation includes knowing where and how to find relevant information，how to separate fact from opinion，how to recognize poor reasoning，and how to analyze information and the reliability of sources.

　　1

　　Go to the original source.Media reports often simplify the results of medical research.Find out for yourself what a study really reported，and determine whether it was based on good science.Think about the type of study.

　　2

　　Watch for misleading language.Some studies will find that a behavior“contributes to”or is“associated with”an outcome；this does not mean that a certain course must lead to a certain result.

　　3

　　Carefully read or listen to information in order to fully understand it.

　　formation contained in advertisements.

　　4

　　Evaluate“scientific”statements carefully，and be aware of quackery(江湖騙術).

　　5

　　Friends and family members can be a great source of ideas and inspirationhealthy lifestyle that works for us.

　　Developing the ability to evaluate reasonably and independently about health problems will serve you well throughout your life.

　　A.Make choices that are right for you.

　　B.The goal of an ad is to sell you something.

　　C.Be sure to work through the critical questions.

　　D.And examine the findings of the original research.

　　E.Distinguish between research reports and public health advice.

　　F.Be aware that information may also be incorrectly explained by an author's point of

　　view.

　　G.The following suggestions can help you sort through the health information you

　　receive from common sources.

　　1.解析　通過整體把握可以發現文章是“總分總”的結構第一段與最后一段

　　是開頭和總結而中間的段落便是作者提出的建議。因此第一段末的句子應該起到統領下文各條建議的作用故答案是G。

　　答案G

　　2.解析　本段的關鍵詞是the original source作者建議要認真考慮研究的內容并

　　能檢測判斷這些內容是否科學故此處答案是D同the original source相對應。

　　答案　D

　　解析　本段與misleading language“誤導性的語言”相關故答案是F要知道

　　作者也許會錯誤

　　答案　F

　　解析　空格前提到的advertisements和B選項中的an ad是對應的。

　　答案　B

　　解析　本段說朋友和家人可能也會提供很多的建議和想法但是我們每個人都

　　應該找到適合自己的故與選項A表達的意思是相同的即要做出適合自己的決定。

　　答案　A

　　Passage 6

　　(2024·新課標全國)

　　根據短文內容從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。

　　et been invented.

　　1

　　By helping them develop classic skills that will serve them well no matter what the future holds.

　　1.Curiosity

　　Your children need to be deeply curious.