1.suffer vt.& vi.

　　suffer作及物動詞，但無被動語態，賓語常是pain，loss，defeat，punishment，hardship等。而suffer from表示“遭受……之苦，患某種疾病”。

　　(1)vt.遭受，經歷

　　This area suffered a great loss in the earthquake.

　　這一地區在地震中遭受重大損失。

　　The Democrats suffered a crushing defeat in the last election.民主黨在上次選舉中遭遇了慘敗。He suffered great pain/no pain.

　　他遭受了很大的痛苦/沒遭受痛苦。

　　(2)vi.受苦；患病(常與from連用，意思為“因……而受苦，受……之苦”)

　　【拓展】

　　suffering n．痛苦；苦難，但指種種苦難、痛苦時常用復數。

　　He died without any suffering.

　　他死時沒有任何痛苦。

　　He told me all about his sufferings.

　　他告訴我他所經歷的種種苦難。

　　(1)He

　　would rather________death than let out the secret.

　　A．suffer

　　B．suffer from

　　C．be suffered

　　D．be suffering

　　(2)________such heavy pollution already，it may now be too late to clean up the river.

　　A．Having suffered

　　B．Suffering

　　C．To suffer

　　D．Suffer

　　2.pressure n．壓，按；壓力；艱難

　　The team performs well under pressure.

　　這個隊在壓力下表現良好。

　　The barriers gave way under the pressure of the crowd.

　　擁擠的人群把路障推倒了。

　　She's got a lot of pressure on her at work just now.

　　她現在工作壓力很大。

　　考點提示：

　　under the pressure of 在……的壓力下

　　come/go under pressure

　　在壓力/強制下

　　bring...under pressure

　　壓制……

　　put/bring pressure on

　　給……壓力；強迫

　　cause pressure

　　造成壓力

　　suffer pressure

　　承受壓力

　　Life is tough in the city.In order to lose their ________ some people drink alcohol.

　　A．temper

　　B．mood

　　C．consciousness

　　D．press

　　完成句子

　　(1)He had to leave the girl who he loved so deeply_________(在……的壓力下)public opinion.

　　(2)Advertisements______________(迫使)girls to be thin.

　　3.reduce

　　(1)vt.減少，降低(翻譯較靈活)

　　reduce expenses　縮減開支

　　reduce the price

　　降低價格

　　reduce the pressure

　　減輕壓力

　　The plane reduced speed as it approached the airport.

　　當飛臨機場時，飛機減慢了速度。

　　(2)vi.縮減到(＋to)；縮減了(＋by)

　　We had to reduce the price from 5 dollars to 3 dollars.

　　我們不得不把價格從5美元降到3美元。

　　That is to say，we have to reduce the price by 2 dollars.

　　那就是說我們不得不降價2美元。

　　考點提示：

　　表示“增加”的詞有：increase，rise，go up

　　表示“減少”的詞有：decrease，reduce，go down，drop

　　單項填空

　　(1)She reduced her weight ________ 5 kilograms.

　　A．to

　　B．towards

　　C．for

　　D．by

　　(2)—The cars give off a great deal of waste gas into streets.

　　—Yes.But I'm sure something will be done to ________ air pollution.

　　A．reduce

　　B．remove

　　C．collect

　　D．warn

　　4.diet n．飲食，節食

　　作可數名詞時，常指為了某種特定的目的，定質、定量的飲食。

　　be on a diet在節食，在減肥

　　She couldn't help eating delicious fish and meat，though she is on a diet.盡管她在減肥，但還是忍不住吃些魚和肉。

　　用food，diet填空

　　(1)I can smell the delicious ________ on the table.

　　(2)A healthy________ can benefit you a lot.

　　5.care v. ①介意，關心，關注 ②照顧，照料 n. ①擔心，煩惱 ②[U]照料，護理 ③注意，小心[同attention; caution]

　　完成句子

　　①注意不要把這嬰兒吵醒了。

　　__________________ that you don't wake the baby.

　?、谒谡樟衔业膵雰?。

　　She is ___________________________ my baby.

　　③只要你答應把我的照相機保管好就可以借去用。

　　You can borrow my camera if you promise to________________________________ it.

　　用about, for填空

　　④Einstein who cared little ________ money never cared ________ his salary.

　?、軼ould you care ________ some coffee?

　　6.catch v．①抓住，接住 ②趕上，搭上(車、船等)[反miss] ③理解，聽懂[同understand; follow] ④感染(疾病) ⑤撞上，偶然發現 ⑥吸引，引起(注意等)

　　完成句子/英譯漢/單項選擇

　　①老師捉住他考試舞弊。

　　The teacher caught him ________ in the exam.

　　[被動語態] He ___________________________.

　?、谝悄愕⒄`很多課，你會很難趕上的。

　　If you miss a lot of lessons, it's very difficult

　　③At rush hour we are often caught in traffic.

　　_____________________________________________

　　④The painting on the wall caught my eye.

　　_____________________________________________

　　⑤I didn't catch what you said.

　　_____________________________________________

　?、轙he owner scolded the girl caught ________ flowers in his garden and let her off.

　　A. picking

　　B. to pick

　　C. to have picked

　　D. to be picking

　　用catch up with或keep up with填空

　?、邉e跑了，我趕不上你了。

　　Don't run — I can't ________________________ you.

　　⑧為了跟上那些優秀學生，我們得努力學習了。

　　We have to work hard to _________ those excellent students.

　　7.prefer vt.寧可，寧愿；更喜歡

　　I prefer not to think about it.我不想考慮此事。

　　Would you prefer me to stay？你愿意我留下來嗎？

　　考點提示：

　　prefer＋名詞/代詞　 更喜歡……

　　prefer to/do

　　更愿意做……(傾向具體的動作)

　　prefer doing

　　更愿意做……(傾向普遍的行為習慣)

　　prefer sb to do

　　更愿意某人做……

　　prefer that-clause

　　更愿意……(從句中常用虛擬語氣，即“主語＋should do”，should可省略)

　　prefer to do A rather than do B　寧愿做A而不做B

　　prefer(doing)A to(doing)B　寧愿做A而不做B

　　(1)On a cold day he prefers ________ out to play football ________ at home.

　　A．going；rather stay

　　B．going；to staying

　　C．to go；rather than staying

　　D．to go；rather than to stay

　　(2)He prefers ________ lectures to the students to ________ to different boring conferences.

　　A．to give；be invited

　　B．give；be invited

　　C．giving；be invited

　　D．giving；being invited

　　8.advertisement n．廣告(簡寫ad.)

　　Put an advertisement in the newspaper.在報紙上登廣告。

　　She scanned the job/property advertisements in the paper.

　　她瀏覽了一下報紙的招聘/房地產廣告。[劍橋高階]

　　考點提示：

　　(1)advertise v．登廣告，作廣告

　　advertise

　　sth

　　宣傳某物，為某物作廣告

　　advertise for

　　sth /sb

　　登廣告征尋/招聘某物/人

　　(2)advertiser n.

　　做廣告的人

　　(3)advertising n.

　　廣告業

　　用advertise的適當形式填空

　　(1)They put ________ in the newspapers to ________ their new cars.

　　(2)With the development of ________，many ________ find their way to prove their abilities.

　　9.damage v. 損害，毀壞 n. 損害，損壞，損失

　　完成句子

　?、龠@次地震使一些建筑受到了破壞。

　　The earthquake ____________________________.

　　②火災造成房屋嚴重損毀。

　　The fire ____________________________ the houses.

　　③洪水使這個村子受到了嚴重破壞。

　　The village ___________________________ the flood.

　　10.danger

　　n. 危險[反safety]

　　用dangerous, in danger填空

　?、賂hat dog is ill and ________________.

　?、赥hat dog is ________________； it may bite.

　　答案：1.(1)A　(2)A

　　D　[句意：城市生活很艱難，許多人為了緩解壓力而喝啤酒。lose one's pressure 緩解壓力；mood 情緒；consciousness 意識；temper 脾氣。]

　　(1)under the pressure of　(2)put pressure on

　　3.(1)D　[reduce...by...“把……減少了”；reduce...to“把……減少到”。句意：她體重減了5公斤。]

　　(2)A　[句意：——汽車在街上放出許多廢氣?！堑?，但是我相信一定會采取措施來降低污染的。reduce減少，降低；remove移開；collect收集；warn警告。]

　　4.(1)food　(2)diet

　　5.①Take care?、趖aking care of?、踭ake good care of ④for; about?、輋or

　　6.①cheating; was caught cheating in the exam?、趖o catch up

　?、墼诮煌ǜ叻鍟r間我們經常遇到堵車。 ④墻上的畫吸引了我。⑤我沒聽懂你說的話。

　?、轆　該題考查catch sb. doing sth.這一結構，其被動形式為sb. be caught doing sth.。該句中caught是過去分詞作后置定語，修飾the girl，相當于who was caught stealing。

　?、遚atch up with

　　⑧keep/catch up with

　　7.(1)B　(2)D

　　8.(1)advertisements；advertise

　　(2)advertising；advertisers

　　9.①damaged several buildings　

　?、赾aused a lot of damage to　

　?、踫uffered serious damage from

　　10.①in danger?、赿angerous

　　1.suffer vt.& vi.

　　suffer作及物動詞，但無被動語態，賓語常是pain，loss，defeat，punishment，hardship等。而suffer from表示“遭受……之苦，患某種疾病”。

　　(1)vt.遭受，經歷

　　This area suffered a great loss in the earthquake.

　　這一地區在地震中遭受重大損失。

　　The Democrats suffered a crushing defeat in the last election.民主黨在上次選舉中遭遇了慘敗。He suffered great pain/no pain.

　　他遭受了很大的痛苦/沒遭受痛苦。

　　(2)vi.受苦；患病(常與from連用，意思為“因……而受苦，受……之苦”)

　　【拓展】

　　suffering n．痛苦；苦難，但指種種苦難、痛苦時常用復數。

　　He died without any suffering.

　　他死時沒有任何痛苦。

　　He told me all about his sufferings.

　　他告訴我他所經歷的種種苦難。

　　(1)He

　　would rather________death than let out the secret.

　　A．suffer

　　B．suffer from

　　C．be suffered

　　D．be suffering

　　(2)________such heavy pollution already，it may now be too late to clean up the river.

　　A．Having suffered

　　B．Suffering

　　C．To suffer

　　D．Suffer

　　2.pressure n．壓，按；壓力；艱難

　　The team performs well under pressure.

　　這個隊在壓力下表現良好。

　　The barriers gave way under the pressure of the crowd.

　　擁擠的人群把路障推倒了。

　　She's got a lot of pressure on her at work just now.

　　她現在工作壓力很大。

　　考點提示：

　　under the pressure of 在……的壓力下

　　come/go under pressure

　　在壓力/強制下

　　bring...under pressure

　　壓制……

　　put/bring pressure on

　　給……壓力；強迫

　　cause pressure

　　造成壓力

　　suffer pressure

　　承受壓力

　　Life is tough in the city.In order to lose their ________ some people drink alcohol.

　　A．temper

　　B．mood

　　C．consciousness

　　D．press

　　完成句子

　　(1)He had to leave the girl who he loved so deeply_________(在……的壓力下)public opinion.

　　(2)Advertisements______________(迫使)girls to be thin.

　　3.reduce

　　(1)vt.減少，降低(翻譯較靈活)

　　reduce expenses　縮減開支

　　reduce the price

　　降低價格

　　reduce the pressure

　　減輕壓力

　　The plane reduced speed as it approached the airport.

　　當飛臨機場時，飛機減慢了速度。

　　(2)vi.縮減到(＋to)；縮減了(＋by)

　　We had to reduce the price from 5 dollars to 3 dollars.

　　我們不得不把價格從5美元降到3美元。

　　That is to say，we have to reduce the price by 2 dollars.

　　那就是說我們不得不降價2美元。

　　考點提示：

　　表示“增加”的詞有：increase，rise，go up

　　表示“減少”的詞有：decrease，reduce，go down，drop

　　單項填空

　　(1)She reduced her weight ________ 5 kilograms.

　　A．to

　　B．towards

　　C．for

　　D．by

　　(2)—The cars give off a great deal of waste gas into streets.

　　—Yes.But I'm sure something will be done to ________ air pollution.

　　A．reduce

　　B．remove

　　C．collect

　　D．warn

　　4.diet n．飲食，節食

　　作可數名詞時，常指為了某種特定的目的，定質、定量的飲食。

　　be on a diet在節食，在減肥

　　She couldn't help eating delicious fish and meat，though she is on a diet.盡管她在減肥，但還是忍不住吃些魚和肉。

　　用food，diet填空

　　(1)I can smell the delicious ________ on the table.

　　(2)A healthy________ can benefit you a lot.

　　5.care v. ①介意，關心，關注 ②照顧，照料 n. ①擔心，煩惱 ②[U]照料，護理 ③注意，小心[同attention; caution]

　　完成句子

　?、僮⒁獠灰堰@嬰兒吵醒了。

　　__________________ that you don't wake the baby.

　?、谒谡樟衔业膵雰?。

　　She is ___________________________ my baby.

　?、壑灰愦饝盐业恼障鄼C保管好就可以借去用。

　　You can borrow my camera if you promise to________________________________ it.

　　用about, for填空

　?、蹺instein who cared little ________ money never cared ________ his salary.

　　⑤Would you care ________ some coffee?

　　6.catch v．①抓住，接住 ②趕上，搭上(車、船等)[反miss] ③理解，聽懂[同understand; follow] ④感染(疾病) ⑤撞上，偶然發現 ⑥吸引，引起(注意等)

　　完成句子/英譯漢/單項選擇

　　①老師捉住他考試舞弊。

　　The teacher caught him ________ in the exam.

　　[被動語態] He ___________________________.

　?、谝悄愕⒄`很多課，你會很難趕上的。

　　If you miss a lot of lessons, it's very difficult

　?、跘t rush hour we are often caught in traffic.

　　_____________________________________________

　?、躎he painting on the wall caught my eye.

　　_____________________________________________

　?、軮 didn't catch what you said.

　　_____________________________________________

　?、轙he owner scolded the girl caught ________ flowers in his garden and let her off.

　　A. picking

　　B. to pick

　　C. to have picked

　　D. to be picking

　　用catch up with或keep up with填空

　　⑦別跑了，我趕不上你了。

　　Don't run — I can't ________________________ you.

　?、酁榱烁夏切﹥炐銓W生，我們得努力學習了。

　　We have to work hard to _________ those excellent students.

　　7.prefer vt.寧可，寧愿；更喜歡

　　I prefer not to think about it.我不想考慮此事。

　　Would you prefer me to stay？你愿意我留下來嗎？

　　考點提示：

　　prefer＋名詞/代詞　 更喜歡……

　　prefer to/do

　　更愿意做……(傾向具體的動作)

　　prefer doing

　　更愿意做……(傾向普遍的行為習慣)

　　prefer sb to do

　　更愿意某人做……

　　prefer that-clause

　　更愿意……(從句中常用虛擬語氣，即“主語＋should do”，should可省略)

　　prefer to do A rather than do B　寧愿做A而不做B

　　prefer(doing)A to(doing)B　寧愿做A而不做B

　　(1)On a cold day he prefers ________ out to play football ________ at home.

　　A．going；rather stay

　　B．going；to staying

　　C．to go；rather than staying

　　D．to go；rather than to stay

　　(2)He prefers ________ lectures to the students to ________ to different boring conferences.

　　A．to give；be invited

　　B．give；be invited

　　C．giving；be invited

　　D．giving；being invited

　　8.advertisement n．廣告(簡寫ad.)

　　Put an advertisement in the newspaper.在報紙上登廣告。

　　She scanned the job/property advertisements in the paper.

　　她瀏覽了一下報紙的招聘/房地產廣告。[劍橋高階]

　　考點提示：

　　(1)advertise v．登廣告，作廣告

　　advertise

　　sth

　　宣傳某物，為某物作廣告

　　advertise for

　　sth /sb

　　登廣告征尋/招聘某物/人

　　(2)advertiser n.

　　做廣告的人

　　(3)advertising n.

　　廣告業

　　用advertise的適當形式填空

　　(1)They put ________ in the newspapers to ________ their new cars.

　　(2)With the development of ________，many ________ find their way to prove their abilities.

　　9.damage v. 損害，毀壞 n. 損害，損壞，損失

　　完成句子

　?、龠@次地震使一些建筑受到了破壞。

　　The earthquake ____________________________.

　?、诨馂脑斐煞课輫乐負p毀。

　　The fire ____________________________ the houses.

　?、酆樗惯@個村子受到了嚴重破壞。

　　The village ___________________________ the flood.

　　10.danger

　　n. 危險[反safety]

　　用dangerous, in danger填空

　　①That dog is ill and ________________.

　?、赥hat dog is ________________； it may bite.

　　答案：1.(1)A　(2)A

　　D　[句意：城市生活很艱難，許多人為了緩解壓力而喝啤酒。lose one's pressure 緩解壓力；mood 情緒；consciousness 意識；temper 脾氣。]

　　(1)under the pressure of　(2)put pressure on

　　3.(1)D　[reduce...by...“把……減少了”；reduce...to“把……減少到”。句意：她體重減了5公斤。]

　　(2)A　[句意：——汽車在街上放出許多廢氣?！堑?，但是我相信一定會采取措施來降低污染的。reduce減少，降低；remove移開；collect收集；warn警告。]

　　4.(1)food　(2)diet

　　5.①Take care?、趖aking care of　③take good care of ④for; about?、輋or

　　6.①cheating; was caught cheating in the exam?、趖o catch up

　?、墼诮煌ǜ叻鍟r間我們經常遇到堵車。 ④墻上的畫吸引了我。⑤我沒聽懂你說的話。

　?、轆　該題考查catch sb. doing sth.這一結構，其被動形式為sb. be caught doing sth.。該句中caught是過去分詞作后置定語，修飾the girl，相當于who was caught stealing。

　?、遚atch up with

　　⑧keep/catch up with

　　7.(1)B　(2)D

　　8.(1)advertisements；advertise

　　(2)advertising；advertisers

　　9.①damaged several buildings　

　　②caused a lot of damage to　

　　③suffered serious damage from

　　10.①in danger　②dangerous