2024屆高考英語二輪復習講義練習:第2部分 題型專題突破 專題3 跟蹤訓練(全國卷Ⅱ)
A
(2024·云南昆明實驗中學質檢)Ricardo Semler became boss of his father’s business Semco in Brazil at the age of 21. Ricardo worked like a(n) __1__ man,from 7:30 am to midnight every day.One afternoon,while he was visiting a factory in New York,he __2__.The doctor told him if he __3__ like that,he would find a new home in hospital.Semler got the __4__.He changed the way he __5__.In fact,he changed the ways his __6__ worked,too.
He let his workers take more __7__ so that they would be the ones worrying when things went wrong.He __8__ them to set their own salaries,__9__ their own working hours and he cut all the jobs that he thought were __10__,like receptionists and secretaries.
He changed the office:__11__ walls,they have plants at Semco,so bosses can’t __12__ themselves away from everyone else.And the workers are __13__ to decorate their workspace as they want.
It sounds perfect,but does it __14__?The answer is in the __15__:in the last six years,Semco’s revenues(收入) have __16__ from $35 million to $212 million.The company has gone from eight hundred employees to 3,000.Why?
Semler says it’s because of “peer pressure” which makes employees work __17__ for everyone else.If someone isn’t doing his job __18__,the other workers will not allow the __19__ to continue.In other words,Ricardo treats his workers like adults rather than children,and expects them to act like responsible __20__.And they do.
【解題導語】 本文是一篇記敘文。作為老板,只有讓團隊中的每個人都能自覺主動地承擔責任,形成我為人人,人人為我的氛圍,才能提高團隊的工作效率。這正是Semler之所以成功的原因。
1.A.interesting B.independent
C.mad
D.great
解析:選C。考查形容詞辨析。根據空格后的“from 7:30 am to midnight every day”可知,他拼命地工作。故選C,意為“瘋狂的”。A項意為“令人感興趣的”;B項意為“獨立的”;D項意為“非常好的”,均不符合題意。
2.A.fell down
B.gave up
C.went out
D.got off
解析:選A。考查動詞短語辨析。根據下句“The doctor told him”可知,他病倒了。故選A,意為“倒下”。B項意為“放棄”;C項意為“熄滅,出去”;D項意為“下車,離開,出發”,均不符合題意。
3.A.changed
B.continued
C.dropped
D.went
解析:選B。考查動詞辨析。根據空格后的“like that,he would find a new home in hospital”可知,醫生的意思為:如果他繼續這樣拼命下去,他會生病住院的。故選B,意為“繼續”。A項意為“改變”;C項意為“落下,投下,放棄”;D項意為“走,去”,均不符合題意。
4.A.sound
B.way
C.sense
D.message
解析:選D。考查名詞辨析。根據下文內容可知, Semler聽從了醫生的建議,不再那么拼命工作了。故選D,get the message是常用短語,意為“領會,明白,受到啟發”。
5.A.walked
B.talked
C.worked
D.treated
解析:選C。考查動詞辨析。根據上文和下句“In fact,he changed the ways his ______ worked,too.”可知,Semler改變了他自己的工作方式。故選C。
6.A.family
B.workers
C.friends
D.children
解析:選B。考查名詞辨析。根據下一段第一句中“He let his workers take more ______”可知,他也改變了員工們的工作方式。故選B。
7.A.responsibility
B.money
C.power
D.expectation
解析:選A。考查名詞辨析。根據空格后的“so that they would be the ones worrying when things went wrong”可知,此處應指他讓員工們承擔起更多的責任,這樣如果事情出了差錯,他們自己會操心。故選A。
8.A.persuaded
B.forced
C.forbade
D.allowed
解析:選D。考查動詞辨析。根據上一句中的“He let his workers take more...”可知,此處所填詞的意思相當于上句中的“let”。故選D,意為“允許”。A項意為“說服”;B項意為“強迫”;C項意為“禁止”,均不符合題意。
9.A.decide
B.want
C.understand
D.try
解析:選A。考查動詞辨析。根據空格前的“...them to set their
own salaries”可推知,此處應指Semler讓員工自己決定工作時間。所填詞與“set”意思一致。故選A。
10.A.unnecessary
B.unpopular
C.stupid
D.difficult
解析:選A。考查形容詞辨析。根據本句中“he cut all the jobs that he thought were ______,like receptionists and secretaries”并結合常識可知,他取消的工作崗位應該是不必要的。故選A,意為“不必要的”。B項意為“不流行的,不受人歡迎的”;C項意為“愚蠢的,笨的”;D項意為“困難的”,均不符合題意。
11.A.above all
B.instead of
C.apart from
D.except for
解析:選B。考查介詞短語辨析。根據空格處與下句“so bosses can’t...”之間構成的因果關系可知,此處指用植物代替辦公室的墻,這樣老板就不會與其他人隔離開。故選B,意為“代替,而不是”。A項意為“首先,尤其是”;C項意為“除……外”;D項意為“除……外”,強調排除與自身相矛盾之處,均與題意不符。
來源:www.ziyuanku.com12.A.put
B.get
C.shut
D.take
解析:選C。考查動詞辨析。根據語境可知,用植物來取代墻的目的是老板不能把自己和員工隔離開。故選C,shut away為固定搭配,意為“隔離”。
13.A.willing
B.free
來源:www.ziyuanku.comC.tired
D.eager
解析:選B。考查形容詞辨析。根據空格后的“as they want”可知,員工們可以自由裝飾自己的工作場所。故選B,意為“自由的”。A項意為“自愿的”;C項意為“疲憊的”;D項意為“渴望的,熱切的”,均不符合題意。
14.A.develop
B.grow
C.happen
D.work
解析:選D。考查動詞辨析。根據下文可知,本句句意:這聽起來很完美,但這樣有效果嗎?故選D,意為“起作用,奏效”。
15.A.eyes
B.numbers
C.persons
D.dollars
解析:選B。考查名詞辨析。根據空格后的“from $35 million to $212 million... from eight hundred employees to 3,000”可知,此處強調用數字來證明。故選B。
16.A.grown
B.dropped
C.beaten
D.made
解析:選A。考查動詞辨析。根據空格后的數字對比可知,公司的收入增加了。故選A。
17.A.straight
B.slow
C.hard
D.seldom
解析:選C。考查副詞辨析。根據上文可知,由于Semler調整了策略,公司的收入增加了,由此可推知,大家更加努力工作。故選C。A項意為“直接地”;B項意為“慢慢地”;D項意為“很少,不常”,均不符合題意。
18.A.perfect
B.wrong
C.well
D.late
解析:選C。考查詞義辨析。根據“peer pressure”可知,在這種環境下,如果有人不好好工作,其他人也不允許這種情況繼續下去。故選C,意為“出色地”。
19.A.trouble
B.situation
C.pressure
D.suffering
解析:選B。考查名詞辨析。此處指“有人不好好工作”這種情況。故選B,意為“情況,局面”。A項意為“麻煩”;C項意為“壓力”;D項意為“苦難,痛苦”,均不符合題意。
20.A.children
B.teenagers
C.professors
D.adults
解析:選D。考查名詞辨析。根據上文中“Ricardo treats his workers like adults”可知,Semler按照對待成年人的方式對待員工,他期望員工能夠像負責任的成年人那樣去工作。故選D。
B
(2024·遼寧阜新二模)It is a time-proven fact that smile is a language.It is a universal language __1__ by the people of every nation,and the commonest way to show our __2__ will perfectly without saying anything.
One day I was shopping in a small town in California.It was my misfortune to be __3__ by a clerk who seemed most __4__ and not at all concerned about my intended __5__.I bought nothing,and walked __6__ out of the store.My anger __7__ with each step.Outside,standing at the corner,was a young man in his early twenties.His expressive eyes met and held mine,and in the next instant a beautiful,amazing __8__ covered his face.I gave in __9__.The power of that shining smile __10__ away all my anger,and I found the muscles in my own face happily __11__.“Beautiful day,isn’t it?”I said. Then,suddenly something inside me sent me turning back.“I really owe you a __12__,”I said softly.His smile deepened.But he made no __13__ to answer.A Mexican woman nearby stepped __14__ and said,“Carlos can’t speak English,”she volunteered.“Shall I tell him something?”At that moment I felt changed.Carlos’ smile had made a big person of me.“Yes,”my __15__ was enthusiastic and sincere.“Tell him ‘Thank you!’” “Thank you?”The woman seemed slightly __16__.“Just tell him that,”I insisted.“Surely,he’ll understand.”
What a smile!Although I have __17__ seen that young man again,I’ll never forget the __18__ he taught me.From then on,I became smile-conscious.I practice it __19__,anywhere and everywhere,with everybody.This action on my part would always draw a good-natured smile __20__.
【解題導語】 本文是一篇夾敘夾議文。一次不愉快的購物經歷讓“我”很憤怒,走出商場后,“我”遇到一位對“我”微笑的男子,他的微笑讓“我”怒氣全消,“我”由衷感激他的微笑。由此“我”領悟到,微笑是全世界通用的語言,它可以表達我們的善意。
1.A.learned
B.known
C.understood
D.done
解析:選C。考查動詞辨析。根據常識可知,世界各國的人們雖然語言不通但是他們都能理解微笑的含義,因此微笑是一種世界各國人們都明白的全球化語言。A項意為“學會”;B項意為“知道”;C項意為“理解,明白”;D項意為“做”。故答案選C。
2.A.warm
B.good
C.cold
D.fresh
解析:選B。考查形容詞辨析。根據常識可知,微笑表達的是善意,故此處應為“ our good will”,意為“我們的善意”。A項意為“溫暖的”;B項意為“美好的”;C項意為“冷酷的”;D項意為“新鮮的”。故答案選B。
3.A.treated
B.entertained
來源:www.ziyuanku.comC.greeted
D.served
解析:選D。考查動詞辨析。根據上一句中“I was shopping”可知,“我”在購物,空格后面是“by a clerk”,由此可知,此處應指店員為“我”提供服務,因此用serve,意為“服務”。A項意為“對待,款待”;B項意為“熱情款待”;C項意為“問候”,均不符合題意。故答案選D。
4.A.amazed
B.warmhearted
C.unfriendly
D.confused
解析:選C。考查形容詞辨析。根據空格后的內容“and not at all concerned about...”,再結合上文中的“misfortune”可知,此處應指這個店員很不友好。A項意為“驚訝的”;B項意為“熱心腸的”;C項意為“不友好的”;D項意為“迷惑的”。故答案選C。
5.A.purchase
B.question
C.things
D.complaint
解析:選A。考查名詞辨析。根據上文可知,“我”在商場購物,故此處應用“purchase”,指這個店員一點也不關心“我”想買什么東西。A項意為“購買”;B項意為“問題”;C項意為“事情”;D項意為“抱怨”。故答案選A。
6.A.quietly
B.angrily
C.suddenly
D.recently
解析:選B。考查副詞辨析。根據下一句中的“My anger”可知,本句句意:我什么都沒有買,很生氣地走出商店。A項意為“悄悄地”;B項意為“生氣地”;C項意為“突然地”;D項意為“近來”。故答案選B。
7.A.grew
B.changed
C.disappeared
D.went
解析:選A。考查動詞辨析。根據空格后的“with each step”可知,此處指“我越走越生氣,越想越生氣”。因此此處應用“grow”來表示“憤怒在增強”。B項意為“改變”;C項意為“消失”;D項意為“去,變得”,可表示變化,后接形容詞,均不符合語境。故答案選A。
8.A.expression
B.look
C.feeling
D.smile
解析:選D。考查名詞辨析。根據下文中的“The power of that shining smile”和“His smile deepened”可知,此處應指當“我們”目光相遇時,他給了“我”一個美麗迷人的微笑。故答案選D。
9.A.proudly
B.happily
C.immediately
D.luckily
解析:選C。考查副詞辨析。此處指“看到他迷人的微笑,我立刻就被折服了”。A項意為“驕傲地”;B項意為“幸福地”;C項意為“立即”;D項意為“幸運地”。故答案選C。
10.A.threw
B.went
C.put
D.drove
解析:選D。考查動詞(短語)辨析。根據上一句中“I gave in”和下一分句中的“happily”可知,他的微笑趕走了“我”所有的憤怒。throw away意為“扔掉,浪費”;go away意為“消失,離開”;put away意為“收起來,放好”;drive away意為“驅逐,趕走”。故答案選D。
11.A.flying
B.satisfying
C.responding
D.singing
Ziyuanku.com解析:選C。考查動詞辨析。句意:他燦爛的微笑趕走了我所有的憤怒,我發現自己臉上的肌肉在快樂地回應。此處指“我”被他的微笑折服,并不由自主地向他做出回應。A項意為“飛”;B項意為“使滿意”;C項意為“回應”;D項意為“唱歌”。故答案選C。
12.A.gratitude
B.debt
C.smile
D.chance
解析:選A。考查名詞辨析。owe sb. sth.意為“欠某人某物”。根據下文中的“Tell him ‘Thank you!’”可知,此處應指作者認為那個年輕男子趕走了自己的憤怒,自己應該感謝他。A項意為“感激之情,感謝”;B項意為“債務”;C項意為“微笑”;D項意為“機會”。故答案選A。
13.A.idea
B.attempt
C.mind
D.energy
解析:選B。考查名詞辨析。根據下文“Carlos can’t speak English”可知,他不懂英語,不知道“我”說的是什么,所以沒有打算回答。句意:他的笑意更濃了,但是并沒有打算回答我。短語make an attempt to do sth.意為“企圖干某事,想干某事”,符合語境。故答案選B。
14.A.forward
B.backward
C.upward
D.downward
中華資源庫解析:選A。考查副詞辨析。根據下文中的“volunteered”可知,附近的一個墨西哥女士主動走上前來提供幫助。A項意為“向前”;B項意為“向后”;C項意為“向上”;D項意為“向下”。故答案選A。
15.A.speech
B.attitude
C.reply