2024屆高考英語二輪復習專題基礎訓練：6 主旨大意題

由雕龍文庫 分享時間：2024-04-02 16:22:43 收藏本文

　　主旨大意題

　　(2024·安徽安慶二模)

　　China’s new term,tuhao,may be in next year’s Oxford English Dictionary.The word caught the attention of the dictionary’s editing team after BBC’s recent program on influential Chinese words.“If its influence continues,it is very likely to appear on our updated list of words,”said Julie Kleeman,project manager with the editing team.

　　In Chinese tu means uncouth(粗魯的) and hao means rich.It has traditionally been referred to rich people who throw their weight around in China’s countryside.The word became more popular in September with the launch of Apple’s new gold-colored iPhone,which is loved by China’s rich people.The color became known as “tuhao gold”.The word is now also used by the online community to refer to people who have the cash but lack the class to go with it.Kleeman also mentioned two other Chinese words—dama and hukou—which may also make it into the dictionary.

　　People can have an intuitive(直覺的) grasp of the meanings if they see pinyin,Kleeman said,adding that people avoid using an English word to keep the original meaning.

　　“We have nearly 120 Chinese-linked words now in Oxford English Dictionary,”she said.Some of them are:guanxi,which means “connection”;taikonaut,a mix of taikong,meaning outer space,and astronaut.

　　The new words will be first uploaded on the official website before the dictionaries arrive.The online version is also renewed every three months.“It at least broke our old rules.It used to take 10 years to include a new word but now we keep pace with the time,” according to a statement from ex-chief-editor John Simpson.

　　1.Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the text?

　　A.Dama and hukou have made it into Oxford English Dictionary.

　　B.Some influential Chinese words appeared on one of BBC’s recent programs.

　　C.Tuhao refers to people who have both the cash and the class.

　　D.John Simpson thinks that it is not good to break old rules.

　　2.What does the underlined part in Paragraph 2 mean?

　　A.Give orders to others.

　　B.Get ready to help others.

　　C.Go on a diet.

　　D.Put on weight.

　　3.Tuhao became more popular in September partly because 　.?

　　A.it is very likely to appear in Oxford English Dictionary

　　B.it is often used by the online community

　　C.people use Chinese pinyin to keep the original meaning

　　D.Apple launched a new gold-colored iPhone

　　4.The main idea of the text is that 　.?

　　A.tuhao may end up in Oxford English Dictionary

　　B.sometimes pinyin makes Chinese words better understood

　　C.tuhao has a new meaning at the present time

　　D.Oxford English Dictionary includes new words faster than before

　　(2024·東北三校第一次聯考)

　　Welcome to the world of multitasking—a place where the measure of a person is how many jobs they can perform at the same time.In fact,if experts are to be believed,multitasking is a disastrous idea.

　　One of the opponents of multitasking is Dr. Clifford Nass,a professor at Stanford University.“People who multitask frequently are less able to pay attention;they’re worse at managing their memory,”he said.In his opinion,the loss that we get with multitasking is harmless in some situations,for example,part of doing business in the digital world;but you can’t do serious work like writing,thinking or solving an important problem this way.You do worse even as you think you’re doing better.All the time the research points to a simple fact:the brain cannot cope.When you stop midway through composing a report to check an email,you force your brain to stop and regroup.It is like pressing the pause button during a movie,meaning the film takes longer to watch.

　　And as for Dr. Nass,the problems extend beyond the brain.Young people who frequently multitask are not as socially and emotionally healthy as those who don’t.They just feel more emotionally satisfied and the feeling is so good and they are bound to desire it again.Todd Oppenheimer,a writer said,“We’ve become a very short-term society and don’t reward people for taking a lot of time on something.”He fears we may end up losing the next generation of great thinkers.“It’s really unfortunate because the long-term challenges of our world—environmental issues,financial issues—require people to think wisely about the long-term consequences of what they do.And it’s no coincidence that the kind of people who do think long-term don’t multitask.”

　　1.According to Dr. Nass,multitasking 　.?

　　A.makes the performance emotionally affected only

　　B.contributes to memorizing various things

　　C.may result in losing the next generation of great thinkers

　　D.can be performed using digital tools

　　2.From the passage,we can tell 　.?

　　A.the loss that we get with multitasking is harmless

　　B.we mistakenly believe that we’re doing better by switching between tasks

　　C.multitasking does harm to us in every area

　　D.for every task you add to your multitasking,you can finish your goal more quickly

　　3.Which of the following is a multitasking addict?

　　A.You turn your cellphone to silence when you’re out to dine with friends.

　　B.You watch from start to finish without distraction when playing a DVD.

　　C.You have your office desk covered with paperwork from various unfinished projects.

　　D.You feel that when you try to do too much at once,the result always suffers.

　　4.The author mainly wants to tell us 　.?

　　A.the less you switch,the better you do

　　B.it is more efficient to do things all in a mixed way

　　C.it takes longer for us to become a great thinker

　　D.we shouldn’t be lazy if we want to accomplish many tasks

　　(2024·福州畢業班質檢)

　　A carefree summer vacation can be yours with these easy tips.

　　1.Fly into Alternate Airports

　　Most major destinations are served by more than one airport.Flying into a less popular one can result in cheaper tickets.Another added perk of quieter airports?Shorter check-in and security lines,and less waiting around.

　　2.Use Public Transportation for City Travel to Save Time and Money

　　When possible,take public transportation from the airport to your hotel.For example,the London-Heathrow express train takes just 15 minutes to get from airport to city and costs under 20 pounds.By contrast,“A taxi costs about 70 pounds and takes 40 minutes,”reports DiScala.

　　3.Eat Smart,Explore...and Save

　　Look for ways to take your order in pricey restaurants and you can avoid “Are we about to run out of money?”“Don’t order an appetizer.Don’t drink a lot of booze,”says DiScala.

　　Also,cover more ground by spreading out your snack places.“Have dessert at a café or ice cream stand,instead of at the dinner restaurant,”suggests DiScala.You’ll see more of the city and decisions about where to go for dinner will be less worrying.

　　4.Hit the Market

　　Much like reading the local newspaper,visiting a market gives context to a foreign country.Even the smallest villages tend to have a weekly open-air market(often on Saturday mornings),while in larger towns and cities,expect additional market days,as well as big supermarkets.

　　Markets also sell amazing,wallet-friendly souvenirs.Think about sea salt,local spices or sauces,and regional oils and vinegar.Eatable gifts are almost always appreciated,saving you the stress of finding the “perfect” gift for each person on your list.

　　1.The passage aims to tell the readers how to 　.?

　　A.take a plane without waiting for long

　　B.spend your holidays abroad economically

　　C.eat in a pricey restaurant at the smallest expense

　　D.save money to buy eatable gifts in a foreign market

　　2.What does the underlined word “perk” in the passage mean?

　　A.Special benefit. B.Strict standard.

　　C.Common scene. D.Extra trouble.

　　3.Which of the following will best help you save time and money?

　　A.Choosing a bigger airport.

　　B.Visiting local markets.

　　C.Having dinner at the hotel.

　　D.Taking an express train.

　　4.What can be inferred from the passage?

　　A.Having coffee at a café will cost more money.

　　B.Souvenirs bought at local markets are expensive.

　　C.You will run out of your money if you eat out.

　　D.Markets help you understand your tourist destination.

　　1.B　正誤判斷題。從第一段中的 “The word caught the attention of the dictionary’s editing team after BBC’s recent program on influential Chinese words.” 可知,B項正確。

　　2.A　語意推斷題。根據第二段的第一句及第二句中的 “rich people” 和 “in China’s countryside ” 判斷,這里說的是有錢人在農村指手畫腳,發號施令,因此選A項。

　　3.D　細節理解題。根據第二段中的 “The word became more popular in September with the launch of Apple’s new gold-colored iPhone” 可知,選D項。

　　4.A　主旨大意題。本文主要介紹了中國的流行語 “土豪” 可能會被《牛津英語詞典》收錄,因此選A項。

　　【語篇導讀】這是一篇科普文。研究人員發現,同時做很多事情的人做事不專一,不僅會導致事倍功半,而且還會影響人們的社交與情感健康。

　　1.D　細節理解題。關于同時做很多事,第二段說在有些情況下,比如在數碼領域里做生意(doing business in the digital world)是無害的,因此選D項。文章說同時做很多事會影響我們在人際交往和情感方面的健康(A項錯),會使我們記性更差(B項錯),一位叫Todd的作家說這樣可能會使我們失去一位未來一代偉大的思想家(C項錯)。

　　2.B　推理判斷題。由第一段第二句可知,這個想法實際上害人不淺,因此B項正確;從第二段可知A、C兩項錯誤,因為multitasking有時是無害的,有時則會妨礙我們;第二段最后一句通過打比方的方式告訴我們,這樣會使事情做得更慢(D項錯)。

　　3.C　推理判斷題。從本題四個選項的陳述看,A、B、D三項都是專心做一件事,C項說辦公桌上放著各種沒有完工的項目的文件,這里的various unfinished projects屬于multitasking。故選C項。

　　4.A　主旨大意題。全文通過斯坦福大學一位教授的話告訴我們,同時做很多事不僅不能提高工作效率,反而對我們的健康不利,因此A項“角色轉換越少,做得就越好”是本文的主題。

　　【語篇導讀】這是一篇說明文,介紹了一些經濟實惠的出國旅游技巧。

　　1.B　主旨大意題。文章第一段指出“有了這些簡單的技巧,你就可以享受無憂無慮的暑假”,接下來文章給出了一些外出旅游時的經濟實惠的方法,故B項正確。

　　2.A　詞義猜測題。根據畫線詞的前一句“Flying into a less popular one can result in cheaper tickets.”可知,到備用機場乘坐飛機,票價會更便宜,這顯然是一個益處;再根據后一句“Shorter check-in and security lines,and less waiting around.”可知,這也是一個益處,故可推斷A項正確。

　　3.D　細節理解題。根據第二條建議“Use Public Transportation for City Travel to Save Time and Money”可知,使用公共交通工具去城市旅游可以節約時間和金錢,緊接著以倫敦希斯羅機場的特快列車為例,故D項正確。

　　4.D　推理判斷題。根據第四條建議中的第一句“Much like reading the local newspaper,visiting a market gives context to a foreign country.”可知,就好像閱讀當地的報紙一樣,去市場有助于你了解這個地方,故D項正確。