湖南長沙市2024高考英語（二輪）閱讀理解訓(xùn)練（44）及答案

　　閱讀下列四篇短文，從每小題后所給的A,B,C或D四個選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。

　　More than half of rich Americans have not shown their full wealth to their children，a new survey showed last Tuesday.

　　The survey，published by the Bank of America, studied the rich with $3 million or more in assets.It found that “surprisingly few of those surveyed have well－developed plans to preserve and pass on their assets to their children”．

　　The majority of the 457 people surveyed are selfmade，first－generation rich.Fifty－two percent of parents have chosen not to tell their children just how wealthy they are，and 15 percent have given away nothing about the family wealth.One in three parents said they had never thought to do it.

　　They are worried that their children would become lazy，spend money freely，make bad decisions and even become a target for gold diggers.

　　Only 34 percent strongly agreed that their children would be able to handle any inheritance(遺產(chǎn))they plan to leave them.

　　“There is an expectation about the wealthy parents that they have a responsibility to pass down their fortune to the next generation，”said Sallie Krawcheck，president of the Global Wealth and Investment Management of the Bank of America.“Our research，however，uncovered changing views of what one generation owes the next.”

　　The trend is led by the world's richest man Bill Gates，who promised in 2008 that he would leave his $58 billion fortune to the charity started by him and his wife，the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation(基金會)，and not to his children.

　　“We want to give it back to society in the way that it will have the most positive impact，”he said.

　　Of his plans for his children，Gates said：“I will give the kids some money but not a meaningful percentage...they will need to work but they will feel reasonably taken care of.”

　　【語篇解讀】 調(diào)查表明，大部分美國富人不愿向孩子炫富，甚至不打算將豐厚的資產(chǎn)傳給后代。

　?。甒e can learn from the passage that ________.

　　A．rich parents may not know how to manage their inheritance

　　B．rich parents don't equal rich kids，at least in the US

　　C．American children don't get to inherit their parents' wealth

　　D．poor children don't expect themselves to be as rich as their parents

　　解析　推理判斷題。第二段的后半部分提到在被調(diào)查的美國富人中，幾乎沒有人計(jì)劃為他們的孩子保留資產(chǎn)或者將資產(chǎn)傳給孩子，由此可推斷在美國，父母富有并不意味著孩子富有。

　　答案　B

　　．According to the survey，most rich Americans ________.

　　A．think they owe their children nothing

　　B．think it best to give their money back to society

　　C．doubt their children's ability to handle wealth

　　D. are confident of their children's ability to handle wealth

　　解析　推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段內(nèi)容可推知，大部分美國富人懷疑他們的孩子處理財(cái)富的能力。

　　答案　C

　?。甌he underlined word“they”in Paragraph 6 refers to ________.

　　A．responsible children

　　B．Bill Gates and his wife

　　C．first－generation rich

　　D．rich parents

　　解析　詞義猜測題。富裕的父母們希望把他們的財(cái)富傳給

　　下一代，此處they指代的是畫線詞前面的“the

　　wealthy parents”，即“rich parents”。

　　答案　D

　?。瓼rom the last paragraph，we can see that Bill Gates wants to show ________.

　　A．the trend of leaving no inheritance to children

　　B．the positive impact of charity on society

　　C．the way of giving back to society

　　D．the importance of independence for children

　　解析　推理判斷題。根據(jù)本段中比爾·蓋茨所說的話可推知，他更強(qiáng)調(diào)孩子的個人奮斗，認(rèn)為培養(yǎng)孩子的自立很重要。

　　答案　D

　　閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。

　　Today just as technology changed the face of industry, farms have experienced an “agricultural revolution”. On the farm of today, machines provide almost all the power.

　　One of the most important benefits will be the farm computer. A few forward-looking farmers are already using computers to help them run their farms more efficiently. The computers help them keep more accurate records so they can make better decisions on what crops to plant, how much livestock (家畜) to buy, when to sell their products, and how much profit they can expect. Many computer companies have been developing special computer programs just for farmers. Programs are being written for pig producers, grain farmers, potato farmers, and dairy farmers. In the future, farmers will be able to purchase computer programs made to their needs. Because of the growing importance of computers on the farm, students at agricultural colleges are required to take computer classes in addition to their normal agricultural courses. There can be no doubt that farmers will rely on computers even more in the future. While the old-time farms depended on horse power, and modern farms depend on machine power, farms of the future will depend on computer power.

　　Another technological advance which is still in the experimental stage is the robot, a real “mechanized hired hand”that will be able to move and, in some ways, think like a human being. Agricultural engineers believe that computer-aided robots will make shocking changes in farming before the end of the century. Unlike farmers of the present, farmers of the future will find that many day-to-day tasks will be done for them. Scientists are now developing robots that will be able to shear (修剪)sheep, drive tractors, and harvest fruit. Even complex jobs will be done by robots. For example, in order to milk their cows, farmers must first drive them into the barn, then connect them to the milking machines, watch the machines, and disconnect them when they are finished. In the future, this will all be done by robots. In addition, when the milking is completed, the robots will automatically check to make sure that the milk is pure. The complete change of the farm is far in the future, but engineers expect that some robots will be used before long.

　　1. Which sentence carried the main idea of the whole passage?

　　A. The first sentence of the third paragraph.

　　B. The first sentence of the second paragraph.

　　C. The first sentence of the first paragraph.　

　　D. The last sentence of the second paragraph.

　　2. According to the passage, computers can not help farmers decide______.　

　　A. how much money they can earn from their products

　　B. whether to plant a certain kind of crop

　　C. what livestock to raise

　　D. when to sell their products

　　3. Which of the following statements is true?

　　A. Farmers in the future will depend totally on computers.

　　B. Farmers mainly use machines on their farms at present.　

　　C. Both computers and robots have been in use on today’s farms.

　　D. Students at agricultural colleges must take computer classes because they can do nothing without the help of computers on today’s farms.

　　4. What is the best title for the whole passage?

　　A. Computer, Farmers’ Best Friend

　　B. Farmers in the Future

　　C. The Agricultural Revolution

　　D. Computers and Robots

　　【參考答案】1—4、CCBC

　　2024高考訓(xùn)練題。閱讀理解閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個選項(xiàng)（A、B、C和D）中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。The island is mountainous and covered in trees. The water around the island is transparent like glass. When I first visited it, there was mist rising from the trees. The little harbor looked mysterious and remote: tall palm trees, a few shops and restaurants, no cars, motorcycles or bikes.

　　It is not by chance that the island has kept its natural beauty. Once, it was privately owned and the owners always wanted to keep it in its natural state. In 1963, Port Cros became a national park. The park directors made some rules to protect the island. They didn’t allow any new building projects. There is only one hotel and no camping is allowed. Visitors can’t use mountain bikes or smoke on the island. Sailing boats that visit the island mustn’t damage the bottom of the sea or pollute the water around it.

　　When we arrived, we started walking to the beach of Port-Man, which was the furthest beach from the port. It took us two hours and when we arrived, the beach was deserted. It seemed that we were the only people on the island. Time seemed to stop. It was so beautiful that we stayed there all day. I visited there again last summer. Nothing had changed. The island still looked magical and mysterious, still with few tourists. It must be wonderful to stay the night on the island, I thought. After all the visitors have gone, the island must be so quiet—a real paradise (天堂)!

　　1. The author got to know Port Cros at first due to _____.

　　A. some tourist brochures

　　B. his wife’s introduction

　　C. his first visit there

　　D. some TV programs

　　2. How has the natural beauty of the island been kept according to the text?

　　A. Foreign visitors are not allowed to visit it.

　　B. Nothing has been built in the park there.

　　C. Only bikes can be used on the island.

　　D. Sailing boats mustn’t pollute the water.

　　3. When the author first visited Port Cros, _____.

　　A. it was very sunny

　　B. there were few visitors there

　　C. it took them a whole day to walk to Port-Man

　　D. the island was deserted and he stayed there for a whole night

　　參考答案1—3、ADB

　　閱讀下列四篇短文，從每小題后所給的A,B,C或D四個選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。

　　The multi－million pound new Library of Birmingham (LoB)will be the most visible sign of the way the city is accepting the digitalization(數(shù)字化)of everyday life.

　　Set to open in 2024，the￡188m LoB is already beginning to take shape next to the Birmingham Repertory Theatre，with which it will share some equipment.

　　As digital media(媒介)is important to its_idea，the project is already providing chances for some of the many small new local companies working at the new technologies.

　　Brian Gambles，the LoB project director，says it is about giving people the right tools for learning：“The aim is to mix the physical with the digital，providing 24－h(huán)our services which can be used through many different ways.It is important to enable us to reach more people，more effectively.”

　　The digital library will，he says，be as important as the physical one，allowing the distant use of the services, making sure that it is never closed to the public.

　　Even before the LoB is complete，the public has been able to go online to visit the Virtual(虛擬的)LoB，designed by Baden，the Birmingham virtual worlds specialists.Not only have the public been able to learn about the LoB，but the virtual one has also enabled those working on the LoB to understand the building and how it will work before it even opens.

　　Two other small Birmingham－based digital companies are also working on the LoB projects.Substrat，a digital design company，is developing what it calls an example of an “enlarged reality” project.It is about the use of an exciting smart phone，an important part of the LoB which is in the early stages of development.And The People's Archive is an online library of historical figures of the city being built up by a digital content company in Cahoots，in

　　which users will be encouraged to add to and comment on

　　the material.

　　Gambles says：“Technology will enable us to make the library's content and services open to citizens as never before”

　　【語篇解讀】 本文是一則資訊報(bào)道。即將落成的Library of Birmingham(LoB)將是伯明翰市接受日常生活數(shù)字化的標(biāo)志。

　　1．The underlined part“its idea”in Paragraph 3 refers to the idea of ________.

　　A．the equipment

　　B．the project

　　C．the digital media

　　D．the physical library

　　解析　詞義猜測題。第三段中的“the project”指的是文章中出現(xiàn)的“the LoB project”，結(jié)合畫線部分的上下文語境可知此處講的是數(shù)字媒體對這個項(xiàng)目很重要，所以B項(xiàng)正確。

　　答案　B

　?。甒hile visiting the Virtual LoB，the public can ________.

　　A．get a general idea of the LoB

　　B．meet many world－famous experts

　　C．learn how to put up a library building

　　D．understand how the specialists work on the project

　　解析　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第六段中的“Not only have the public been able to learn about the LoB...”可知，公眾訪問虛擬LoB可了解LoB的大體情況。

　　答案　A

　?。甒hich of the following is true of the LoB when it opens?

　　A．a(chǎn)，b，d

　　B．a(chǎn)，c，e

　　C．b，c，d

　　D．b，d，e

　　解析　推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段內(nèi)容可知a、b兩項(xiàng)正確，e項(xiàng)錯誤；根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段的第二、三句可知c項(xiàng)錯誤；由倒數(shù)第二段的最后一句可知d項(xiàng)正確。故選A項(xiàng)。

　　答案　A

　?。甌he text is most probably taken from ________.

　　A．a(chǎn) computer book

　　B．a(chǎn) library guide

　　C．a(chǎn) project handbook

　　D．a(chǎn) newspaper report

　　解析　推理判斷題。文章主要介紹了即將落成的Library of Birmingham(LoB)的相關(guān)情況，最有可能是一則資訊報(bào)道。

　　答案　D

　　閱讀下列四篇短文，從每小題后所給的A,B,C或D四個選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。

　　In the long discussion of water on the Moon, a new study contradicts (與……相矛盾) some recent reports that say the Moon had water at the time of its formation. A group of researchers reports in the journal Science that when the Moon was created, some 4. 5 billion years ago, there was not much hydrogen (氫氣) on it, and therefore no water.

　　The researchers surveyed and evaluated this by analyzing chlorine isotopes found in lunar rock samples from Apollo missions. The range of chlorine (氯) isotopes in lunar samples was 25 times that found in samples from Earth.

　　“If the Moon had significant levels of hydrogen, as Earth did, this range would have been far less,” said Zachary D. Sharp, a scientist in the Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences and the study’s lead author.

　　“The chlorine would have stuck together with hydrogen, forming compounds like hydrogen chloride, and escaped from the Moon’s surface,”he said. The abundance of chlorine indicates a lack of hydrogen and water.

　　“The amount of water on the Moon was way too low for life to have ever have possibly have existed there,” he said.

　　Most scientists believe the Moon was formed when a large object struck Earth, breaking off a chunk (a vast piece) that has since orbited Earth.

　　On Earth, goes one theory, water was released as steam from molten basalts (玄武巖) over time, eventually forming bodies of water.

　　“An understanding of whether the Moon was dry or wet will help us understand how water appeared on Earth,” Dr. Sharp said.

　　1. A new study indicates that　on the moon.

　　A. there is plenty of water

　　B. water is unlikely to exist

　　C. water existed in the past

　　D. there is a little water now

　　2. The author would like to tell us　through the sixth paragraph.

　　A. why there is no water on the Moon

　　B. how the Moon was formed

　　C. when the Earth struck the Moon

　　D. where the Moon orbited

　　3. What does the underlined word “this” stand for in the second paragraph?

　　A. Neither hydrogen nor water on the Moon.

　　B. Too much chlorine isotopes on the Moon.

　　C. Not being much hydrogen, no water on the Moon.

　　D. More chlorine exists on the Moon than Earth.