1.與現在事實相反 If I were you，I should(would，could，might)tell him the truth. 要是我是你，我就會告訴他真相了。(事實上我不是你) 2．與將來事實相反 If it were to rain/should rain/rained，the crops would be saved.要是能下雨的話，莊稼就能得救了。

　　3．與過去事實相反 If you had taken my advice，you wouldn't have failed in the exam.如果你聽了我的建議，你就不會考試不及格。(事實上你根本沒聽我的)

　　4．錯綜時間條件句 當條件狀語從句表示的行為和主句表示的行為所發生的時間不一致時，被稱為“錯綜時間條件句”，動詞的形式要根據它所表示的時間作出相應的調整。 If you had listened to me，you wouldn't be in such trouble now.如果你聽了我的話，你現在也不會有這樣的麻煩了。(從句說明過去，主句說明現在)

　　5．條件從句中的謂語部分有were，should或had時，if有時可以省略，這時從句要用倒裝語序。 Were I you，I would do it in another way. 如果我是你的話，我就用另外一種方法做。 Should I have time，I would help Tom with his maths.我要是有時間就幫湯姆學數學。

　　三、虛擬語氣在賓語從句中的應用 1．動詞wish后的賓語從句

　　I wish it were spring in my hometown all the year round.但愿我的家鄉四季如春。 I wish I had met him yesterday. 我昨天能遇到他就好了。 I wish (that)＋ 從句 一般過去時(be用were) 表示對現在的虛擬 would/could＋動詞原形 表示對將來的虛擬 過去完成時 表示對過去的虛擬 2．在表示堅持、命令、建議、要求等動詞后的賓語從句中，謂語用“should＋動詞原形”，should可省略 一堅持：insist 二命令：order，command 三建議：suggest，propose，advise 四要求：request，require，demand，ask She asked that she be kept informed of developments. 她要求繼續向她報告事態發展情況。 The doctor advised that he(should) change his job. 醫生勸他換工作。

　　3．虛擬語氣在主語從句中的用法 在“It＋is＋adj./某些動詞的過去分詞＋主語從句”的結構中，從句的謂語動詞用(should)＋do的形式。常用的形容詞有：important，necessary，natural，strange，impossible等；常用的過去分詞通常是表示提議、要求、命令等動詞的過去分詞。如：suggested，decided，ordered，demanded，urged等。

　　It is strange that he should know me. 太奇怪了，他竟然認識我。 It is highly desirable that a new mayor be appointed for this city.人們渴望給這個城市任命一位新市長。 It is necessary that we should learn English well. 我們學好英語是很必要的。

　　4．虛擬語氣還可在表語從句、同位語從句中運用，從句的謂語動詞由“should＋動詞原形”或只用動詞原形構成 It is a pity that he(should) refuse our invitation.(同位語從句) 他拒絕了我們的邀請，真遺憾！ My suggestion/advice is that she wait till next week. 我的建議是她等到下周。

　　5．虛擬語氣還可用來表示祝愿、詛咒、禁止等 Long live the unity of the Chinese people! 中華民族的統一萬歲！ God bless you！上帝保佑你！ 6．as if/though引起的表語從句或狀語從句中，也用虛擬語氣 They talked as if they had been friends for years. 他們談起話來就好像是多年的老朋友。 7．It's(high/about)time that …

　　句型，也用虛擬語氣 It's time that you went to fetch your daughter from the kindergarten.是你去幼兒園接女兒的時候了。 8．在in case，for fear that，in order that，so that引導的目的狀語從句中，謂語動詞一般用should/could/might＋動詞原形，其中should可省略 She walked quietly for fear that she might wake up her roommates.她輕輕地走，以免驚醒她的室友。 Have your gun ready in case we(should)need it. 把你的槍準備好，以防萬一我們需要。 Ⅰ.使用虛擬語氣改寫下列句子，句意保持不變 1．I was able to buy the car because Li Hua lent me the money. 【答案】If Li Hua had not lent me the money，I wouldn't have been able to buy the car. 2．He is easy-going，so he has a number of friends. 【答案】If he were not easy-going，he wouldn't have a number of friends. 3．I was given enough money.I bought the book. 【答案】If I had not been given enough money，I wouldn't have bought the book. 4．Tom doesn't have many friends.He feels lonely. 【答案】If Tom had many friends，he would not feel lonely. 5．Peter was not familiar with software，so he was fired by his boss. 【答案】If Peter had been familiar with software，he wouldn't have been fired by his boss.

　　Ⅱ.翻譯句子 1．我要是沒有許多事情要做，也許會在這里多待些時間。 【答案】I might stay here a bit longer if I didn't have many things to do. 2．但愿一年四季都是春天。 【答案】I wish it were spring all the year round.

　　3．他堅持要我們大家想盡辦法按時去那兒。 【答案】He insisted that all of us should be there on time by any means. 4．如果她年輕點，她就會干。 【答案】Were she younger，she would do it. 5．我們有必要出去散散步。 【答案】It's necessary that we should have a walk now.

　　Ⅲ.完成句子 1．How I wish _______________________(我聽了你的建議)! 【答案】I had followed your advice 2．Her trembling voice suggested __________________ _____(她很緊張)． 【答案】she was very nervous

　　3．He insisted that _______________________(他沒有做錯)． 【答案】he had done nothing wrong 4．I'd rather _______________________(我看過這部電影)． 【答案】I had seen the film 5．The situation required that _______________________(他在場)． 【答案】he be present

　　讀寫任務(一) 一、靈活運用模板 固定的模板要適應考試作文試題的實際需要，需要我們善于對模板進行變通，包括：增加項目、減少項目、適當更改句式、增減句子等等。只要我們背熟了一個寫作模板，我們就可以在考試過程中有所創造。例如我們有議論文的模板：

　　Recently，a hot discussion on 1主題 has come to people's attention.Some people believe that it is a 2表態的形容詞/名詞．But some people take the opposite attitude that we should 3自己的立場．I believe that the latter is 4評價性的形容詞/名詞 because 5原因說明 First，it will 6論據一，Second，it will 7論據二(從句)．Third，it will 8論據三(從句)．In a word，we should 9總結自己的立場．

　　另外我們有以下的內容： What Mr.Qi Gong did set me in deep thinking the use of money.Can money bring happiness？There are different answers to this question.Some people believe that money is everything，with which they can get what they want.But some others agree that money is the roots of all evils.Many people even commit crimes in order to get this dirty money.

　　從文章“Some people … But some others”我們知道，這是論述兩種不同觀點的對比，我們可以用模塊中的“Some people believe that it is a 2表態的形容詞/名詞．But some people take the opposite attitude that we should 3自己的立場．”進行套用。就是： Some people believe that it is a 2 source of happiness because they think that money is everything，with which they can get what they want.But some people take the opposite attitude that 3 money is nothing but the roots of all evils on the ground that many people even commit crimes in order to get this dirty money.

　　其中，文章的部分“ … source of happiness … money is nothing but the coots of all evils on the ground that … ”就是對模板進行了變通，原文有6句話，但是模板只有兩句話，經過壓縮后，從句出現了，語法復雜度與文采就出現了。

　　二、寫作練筆 完成以下的讀寫任務，比較不使用模板與使用模板寫出的語言效果有何不同。 Is Money the Most Important Thing in Life? Everyone knows how important money is in the world today.But what did Qi Gong do with his hard-earned one and a half million yuan?

　　Mr.Qi Gong，aged 79，is a well-known calligrapher(書法家)in China.He became famous the hard way.Born in a poor family，he did not have much schooling until his talent attracted the attention of Professor Chen Yuan，the president of Furen University.For years Professor Chen took him under his personal care and taught him literature and calligraphy.Professor Chen thought highly of Qi Gong and helped him to find jobs of teaching at several institutions.

　　Years of hard work made Qi Gong and excellent teacher and outstanding calligrapher and painter.In memory of his teacher Professor Chen Yuan，Qi Gong decided in 1991 to set up a foundation to give awards day after day at his desk and produced more than 100 works of calligraphy，which he sold for 1,630,000 yuan.All this money went into the foundation which was named after his teacher.He did not leave a penny for himself! What do you think money means to Qi Gong? 【任務說明】 1．概括短文的內容要點，該部分的字數大約30； 2．就“金錢是萬能的嗎？”這個主題發表你的看法，至少包括以下的內容要點，該部分的字數大約120； (1)人們金錢觀的差異——幸福之本與萬惡之源。 (2)你認為關鍵在于如何賺錢與花錢，并說出你的理由。 【寫作要求】 你可以使用實例或其他論述方法支持你的論點，也可以參照閱讀材料的內容，但不要抄襲閱讀材料中的句子。 【評分標準】 概括的準確性、語言的規范性、內容的合適性以及篇章的連貫性。 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

　　【答案】 【參考范文1】　不使用模板的樣本 Mr.Qi Gong does with his money in a different way from others.He produced works of calligraphy and got rich by hard work.However，he gave it to a foundation he set up in memory of this teacher.

　　What Mr.Qi Gong did set me in deep thinking the use of money.Can money bring happiness？There are different answers to this question.Some people believe that money is everything，with which they can get what they want.But some others argue that money is the roots of all evils.Many people even commit crimes in order to get this dirty money.

　　In my opinion，the value of money depends on the way in which people get it and spend it.We are proud of the money earned by hard labor and are free to spend it the way we like.Besides，happiness lies in serving others.Only when we spend it in helping others can we feel truly happy，which exactly explains why Mr.Qi uses his money to help others.

　　【參考范文2】　使用模板的樣本 Recently，a hot discussion on 1 the use of money has come to people's attention.Some people believe that it is a 2 source of happiness because they think that money is everything，with which they can get what they want.But some people take the opposite attitude that 3 money is nothing but the source of all evils on the ground that many people even commit crimes in order to get this dirty money. I believe that neither view is 4 correct because 5 money itself has no good or bad，but the way in which people make it and spend it really decides the true value of money.First，it will 6 be natural for us to be proud of the money earned by hard labor and so we are free to spend it the way we like.Second,7 it will finally realize the deep meaning of money only when we spend it in a meaning way because happiness lies in serving others，such as helping others in need，or helping poor children back to school.In a word，we should 8 fully understand why Mr.Qi uses his money to help others before we can make a meaningful use of money. Period 3　Grammar 一、語氣的定義和種類 1．語氣(mood)的定義 它是動詞的一種形式，表示說話人對某一行為或事情的看法和態度。 虛擬語氣(Ⅰ)

　　2．語氣的種類 (1)陳述語氣：表示動作或狀態是現實的、確定的或符合事實的，用于陳述句、疑問句和某些感嘆句。 There are two sides to every question. 每個問題都有兩面性。 (2)祈使語氣：表示說話人對對方的請求或命令。 Will you please lend me your dictionary? 請把你的字典借給我用一下好嗎？

　　(3)虛擬語氣：用來表示所說的不是事實，或者是不可能發生的情況，而是一種假設、愿望或建議等。 If I were a bird，I could fly in the air. 如果我是一只小鳥，我就能在空中飛行。

　　二、虛擬語氣在條件句中的應用 在含有虛擬條件句的復合句中，主從句的謂語都要用虛擬語氣，現將其形式列表如下： 假設情況 條件從句的謂語形式 主句的謂語形式 與現在事實相反 一般過去時(be的過去式常用were) would/should/might/could＋動詞原形 與將來事實相反 ①一般過去時(be的過去式常用were)

　　②should＋動詞原形 ③were to＋動詞原形 would/should/might/could＋動詞原形 與過去事實相反 過去完成時(had＋過去分詞) would/should/might/could＋have＋過去分詞

　　1.與現在事實相反 If I were you，I should(would，could，might)tell him the truth. 要是我是你，我就會告訴他真相了。(事實上我不是你) 2．與將來事實相反 If it were to rain/should rain/rained，the crops would be saved.要是能下雨的話，莊稼就能得救了。

　　3．與過去事實相反 If you had taken my advice，you wouldn't have failed in the exam.如果你聽了我的建議，你就不會考試不及格。(事實上你根本沒聽我的)

　　4．錯綜時間條件句 當條件狀語從句表示的行為和主句表示的行為所發生的時間不一致時，被稱為“錯綜時間條件句”，動詞的形式要根據它所表示的時間作出相應的調整。 If you had listened to me，you wouldn't be in such trouble now.如果你聽了我的話，你現在也不會有這樣的麻煩了。(從句說明過去，主句說明現在)

　　5．條件從句中的謂語部分有were，should或had時，if有時可以省略，這時從句要用倒裝語序。 Were I you，I would do it in another way. 如果我是你的話，我就用另外一種方法做。 Should I have time，I would help Tom with his maths.我要是有時間就幫湯姆學數學。

　　三、虛擬語氣在賓語從句中的應用 1．動詞wish后的賓語從句

　　I wish it were spring in my hometown all the year round.但愿我的家鄉四季如春。 I wish I had met him yesterday. 我昨天能遇到他就好了。 I wish (that)＋ 從句 一般過去時(be用were) 表示對現在的虛擬 would/could＋動詞原形 表示對將來的虛擬 過去完成時 表示對過去的虛擬 2．在表示堅持、命令、建議、要求等動詞后的賓語從句中，謂語用“should＋動詞原形”，should可省略 一堅持：insist 二命令：order，command 三建議：suggest，propose，advise 四要求：request，require，demand，ask She asked that she be kept informed of developments. 她要求繼續向她報告事態發展情況。 The doctor advised that he(should) change his job. 醫生勸他換工作。

　　3．虛擬語氣在主語從句中的用法 在“It＋is＋adj./某些動詞的過去分詞＋主語從句”的結構中，從句的謂語動詞用(should)＋do的形式。常用的形容詞有：important，necessary，natural，strange，impossible等；常用的過去分詞通常是表示提議、要求、命令等動詞的過去分詞。如：suggested，decided，ordered，demanded，urged等。

　　It is strange that he should know me. 太奇怪了，他竟然認識我。 It is highly desirable that a new mayor be appointed for this city.人們渴望給這個城市任命一位新市長。 It is necessary that we should learn English well. 我們學好英語是很必要的。

　　4．虛擬語氣還可在表語從句、同位語從句中運用，從句的謂語動詞由“should＋動詞原形”或只用動詞原形構成 It is a pity that he(should) refuse our invitation.(同位語從句) 他拒絕了我們的邀請，真遺憾！ My suggestion/advice is that she wait till next week. 我的建議是她等到下周。

　　5．虛擬語氣還可用來表示祝愿、詛咒、禁止等 Long live the unity of the Chinese people! 中華民族的統一萬歲！ God bless you！上帝保佑你！ 6．as if/though引起的表語從句或狀語從句中，也用虛擬語氣 They talked as if they had been friends for years. 他們談起話來就好像是多年的老朋友。 7．It's(high/about)time that …

　　句型，也用虛擬語氣 It's time that you went to fetch your daughter from the kindergarten.是你去幼兒園接女兒的時候了。 8．在in case，for fear that，in order that，so that引導的目的狀語從句中，謂語動詞一般用should/could/might＋動詞原形，其中should可省略 She walked quietly for fear that she might wake up her roommates.她輕輕地走，以免驚醒她的室友。 Have your gun ready in case we(should)need it. 把你的槍準備好，以防萬一我們需要。 Ⅰ.使用虛擬語氣改寫下列句子，句意保持不變 1．I was able to buy the car because Li Hua lent me the money. 【答案】If Li Hua had not lent me the money，I wouldn't have been able to buy the car. 2．He is easy-going，so he has a number of friends. 【答案】If he were not easy-going，he wouldn't have a number of friends. 3．I was given enough money.I bought the book. 【答案】If I had not been given enough money，I wouldn't have bought the book. 4．Tom doesn't have many friends.He feels lonely. 【答案】If Tom had many friends，he would not feel lonely. 5．Peter was not familiar with software，so he was fired by his boss. 【答案】If Peter had been familiar with software，he wouldn't have been fired by his boss.

　　Ⅱ.翻譯句子 1．我要是沒有許多事情要做，也許會在這里多待些時間。 【答案】I might stay here a bit longer if I didn't have many things to do. 2．但愿一年四季都是春天。 【答案】I wish it were spring all the year round.

　　3．他堅持要我們大家想盡辦法按時去那兒。 【答案】He insisted that all of us should be there on time by any means. 4．如果她年輕點，她就會干。 【答案】Were she younger，she would do it. 5．我們有必要出去散散步。 【答案】It's necessary that we should have a walk now.

　　Ⅲ.完成句子 1．How I wish _______________________(我聽了你的建議)! 【答案】I had followed your advice 2．Her trembling voice suggested __________________ _____(她很緊張)． 【答案】she was very nervous

　　3．He insisted that _______________________(他沒有做錯)． 【答案】he had done nothing wrong 4．I'd rather _______________________(我看過這部電影)． 【答案】I had seen the film 5．The situation required that _______________________(他在場)． 【答案】he be present

　　讀寫任務(一) 一、靈活運用模板 固定的模板要適應考試作文試題的實際需要，需要我們善于對模板進行變通，包括：增加項目、減少項目、適當更改句式、增減句子等等。只要我們背熟了一個寫作模板，我們就可以在考試過程中有所創造。例如我們有議論文的模板：

　　Recently，a hot discussion on 1主題 has come to people's attention.Some people believe that it is a 2表態的形容詞/名詞．But some people take the opposite attitude that we should 3自己的立場．I believe that the latter is 4評價性的形容詞/名詞 because 5原因說明 First，it will 6論據一，Second，it will 7論據二(從句)．Third，it will 8論據三(從句)．In a word，we should 9總結自己的立場．

　　另外我們有以下的內容： What Mr.Qi Gong did set me in deep thinking the use of money.Can money bring happiness？There are different answers to this question.Some people believe that money is everything，with which they can get what they want.But some others agree that money is the roots of all evils.Many people even commit crimes in order to get this dirty money.

　　從文章“Some people … But some others”我們知道，這是論述兩種不同觀點的對比，我們可以用模塊中的“Some people believe that it is a 2表態的形容詞/名詞．But some people take the opposite attitude that we should 3自己的立場．”進行套用。就是： Some people believe that it is a 2 source of happiness because they think that money is everything，with which they can get what they want.But some people take the opposite attitude that 3 money is nothing but the roots of all evils on the ground that many people even commit crimes in order to get this dirty money.

　　其中，文章的部分“ … source of happiness … money is nothing but the coots of all evils on the ground that … ”就是對模板進行了變通，原文有6句話，但是模板只有兩句話，經過壓縮后，從句出現了，語法復雜度與文采就出現了。

　　二、寫作練筆 完成以下的讀寫任務，比較不使用模板與使用模板寫出的語言效果有何不同。 Is Money the Most Important Thing in Life? Everyone knows how important money is in the world today.But what did Qi Gong do with his hard-earned one and a half million yuan?

　　Mr.Qi Gong，aged 79，is a well-known calligrapher(書法家)in China.He became famous the hard way.Born in a poor family，he did not have much schooling until his talent attracted the attention of Professor Chen Yuan，the president of Furen University.For years Professor Chen took him under his personal care and taught him literature and calligraphy.Professor Chen thought highly of Qi Gong and helped him to find jobs of teaching at several institutions.

　　Years of hard work made Qi Gong and excellent teacher and outstanding calligrapher and painter.In memory of his teacher Professor Chen Yuan，Qi Gong decided in 1991 to set up a foundation to give awards day after day at his desk and produced more than 100 works of calligraphy，which he sold for 1,630,000 yuan.All this money went into the foundation which was named after his teacher.He did not leave a penny for himself! What do you think money means to Qi Gong? 【任務說明】 1．概括短文的內容要點，該部分的字數大約30； 2．就“金錢是萬能的嗎？”這個主題發表你的看法，至少包括以下的內容要點，該部分的字數大約120； (1)人們金錢觀的差異——幸福之本與萬惡之源。 (2)你認為關鍵在于如何賺錢與花錢，并說出你的理由。 【寫作要求】 你可以使用實例或其他論述方法支持你的論點，也可以參照閱讀材料的內容，但不要抄襲閱讀材料中的句子。 【評分標準】 概括的準確性、語言的規范性、內容的合適性以及篇章的連貫性。 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

　　【答案】 【參考范文1】　不使用模板的樣本 Mr.Qi Gong does with his money in a different way from others.He produced works of calligraphy and got rich by hard work.However，he gave it to a foundation he set up in memory of this teacher.

　　What Mr.Qi Gong did set me in deep thinking the use of money.Can money bring happiness？There are different answers to this question.Some people believe that money is everything，with which they can get what they want.But some others argue that money is the roots of all evils.Many people even commit crimes in order to get this dirty money.

　　In my opinion，the value of money depends on the way in which people get it and spend it.We are proud of the money earned by hard labor and are free to spend it the way we like.Besides，happiness lies in serving others.Only when we spend it in helping others can we feel truly happy，which exactly explains why Mr.Qi uses his money to help others.

　　【參考范文2】　使用模板的樣本 Recently，a hot discussion on 1 the use of money has come to people's attention.Some people believe that it is a 2 source of happiness because they think that money is everything，with which they can get what they want.But some people take the opposite attitude that 3 money is nothing but the source of all evils on the ground that many people even commit crimes in order to get this dirty money. I believe that neither view is 4 correct because 5 money itself has no good or bad，but the way in which people make it and spend it really decides the true value of money.First，it will 6 be natural for us to be proud of the money earned by hard labor and so we are free to spend it the way we like.Second,7 it will finally realize the deep meaning of money only when we spend it in a meaning way because happiness lies in serving others，such as helping others in need，or helping poor children back to school.In a word，we should 8 fully understand why Mr.Qi uses his money to help others before we can make a meaningful use of money. Period 3　Grammar 一、語氣的定義和種類 1．語氣(mood)的定義 它是動詞的一種形式，表示說話人對某一行為或事情的看法和態度。 虛擬語氣(Ⅰ)

　　2．語氣的種類 (1)陳述語氣：表示動作或狀態是現實的、確定的或符合事實的，用于陳述句、疑問句和某些感嘆句。 There are two sides to every question. 每個問題都有兩面性。 (2)祈使語氣：表示說話人對對方的請求或命令。 Will you please lend me your dictionary? 請把你的字典借給我用一下好嗎？

　　(3)虛擬語氣：用來表示所說的不是事實，或者是不可能發生的情況，而是一種假設、愿望或建議等。 If I were a bird，I could fly in the air. 如果我是一只小鳥，我就能在空中飛行。

　　二、虛擬語氣在條件句中的應用 在含有虛擬條件句的復合句中，主從句的謂語都要用虛擬語氣，現將其形式列表如下： 假設情況 條件從句的謂語形式 主句的謂語形式 與現在事實相反 一般過去時(be的過去式常用were) would/should/might/could＋動詞原形 與將來事實相反 ①一般過去時(be的過去式常用were)

　　②should＋動詞原形 ③were to＋動詞原形 would/should/might/could＋動詞原形 與過去事實相反 過去完成時(had＋過去分詞) would/should/might/could＋have＋過去分詞