必修五

　　Unit 4　Making the news

　　晨背三部曲（話題：計劃與愿望）

　　滿分佳作

　　(2024·山東高考)假設(shè)你是新華中學(xué)的學(xué)生李華，你的美國朋友Tom一周前給你發(fā)電子郵件，詢問你暑假里的打算，但你因準(zhǔn)備期末考試未能及時回復(fù)。請根據(jù)以下要點給他回封郵件：

　　1．未及時回信的原因；

　　2．你假期的打算(如做兼職、旅行、做志愿者等)。

　　Dear Tom，

　　How is everything going on with you? I'm writing this e-mail to express my apology to you for not writing you back in time.

　　In the first place, I'll be so happy if you could accept my apology.①It's of great importance for me to make full preparations for the final exam last week. ②Therefore, I couldn't spare enough time to write you back in time. What's more, I am willing to tell you that I am to do some part-time jobs in the summer holiday. No one can deny the fact that we can have our vision broadened in the process. Last but not least, it must be pointed out that I would love to go travelling during this holiday.

　　I am looking forward to hearing from you. And I'll appreciate it very much if you give me an early reply.

　　Yours，

　　Li Hua

　　熱身體驗

　　句型轉(zhuǎn)換

　　1．Last week I made full preparations for the final exam, which_is_of_great_importance_for_me.(將句改為非限制性定語從句)

　　2．Therefore, I couldn't spare enough time

　　so_that_I_didn't_write_you_back_in_time.(將句改為so that引導(dǎo)的結(jié)果狀語從句)

　　Ⅰ.詞海拾貝

　　基礎(chǔ)記憶

　　1．process vt.加工；處理n.

　　過程；程序；步驟

　　2．eager adj.

　　渴望的；熱切的

　　3．a(chǎn)cquire vt.

　　獲得；取得；學(xué)到

　　4．a(chǎn)ssess vt.

　　評估；評定

　　5．colleague n.

　　同事

　　6．update vt.

　　更新；使現(xiàn)代化

　　7．inform vt.

　　告知；通知

　　8．case n.

　　情況；病例；案例

　　9．deliberately adv.

　　故意地

　　10．meanwhile adv.

　　其間；同時

　　11．demand n.

　　需求；要求vt.

　　強烈要求

　　12．thorough adj.

　　徹底的；詳盡的

　　13．a(chǎn)ccurate adj.

　　精確的；正確的

　　14．a(chǎn)pprove vt.

　　贊成；認(rèn)可；批準(zhǔn)

　　15．delighted adj.快樂的；欣喜的→delight n．快樂；高興 vt.使高興，使愉快

　　16．a(chǎn)dmirable adj.值得贊揚的；令人欽佩的→admire vt.欽佩；羨慕

　　17．a(chǎn)ssist vt.幫助；協(xié)助；援助→assistance n．幫助；協(xié)助→assistant n．助手；助理；售貨員

　　18．profession n．職業(yè)；專業(yè)→professional adj.專業(yè)的；職業(yè)的 n．專業(yè)人員

　　19．guilty adj.犯罪的；有罪的；內(nèi)疚的→guilt n．內(nèi)疚；羞愧；罪；罪行

　　20．concentrate vi.& vt.集中；聚焦→concentration n．專心；集中

　　21．a(chǎn)ppointment n．約會；任命→appoint vt.約定；任命

　　語境記憶

　　22．Much to my delight,_the little girl seemed delighted at the performance.(delight)

　　23．We went to the gallery last weekend and all the artists are very admirable. In other words, we admired the artists for their admirable skills.(admire)

　　24．As an assistant,_he assisted the professor with the experiment. And his assistance made the experiment easier to do.(assist)

　　篇章記憶

　　Accurately speaking, his profession is a journalist.He's also a gifted amateur photographer.He is always eager to assist others, so he's admirable but he sometimes breaks appointment deliberately.

　　Ⅱ.短語互譯 1.依靠；依賴　depend_on

　　2．通知某人某事

　　inform_sb._of_sth.

　　3．記住某事

　　keep_sth._in_mind

　　4．約會；預(yù)約

　　make_an_appointment

　　5．應(yīng)該；本應(yīng)

　　be_supposed_to

　　6．concentrate on

　　集中；全神貫注于

　　7．a(chǎn)ccuse ... of

　　因……指責(zé)或控告……

　　8．so as to (do sth.)

　　為了(做)……

　　9．a(chǎn)head of

　　在……前面

　　Ⅲ.句型一覽

　　1.否定詞置于句首的倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)

　　Never_will (永遠(yuǎn)不) Zhou Yang (ZY) forget his first assignment at the office of a popular English newspaper.

　　2．be to do結(jié)構(gòu)

　　His discussion with his new boss, Hu Xin(HX), was_to_strongly_influence (產(chǎn)生了重要影響) his life as a journalist.

　　3．not only ... but (also) ... 連接的并列句

　　Not_only_am_I_interested_in (我不僅對……感興趣) photography, but I took an amateur course at university to update my skills.

　　4．抽象地點名詞＋定語從句

　　Have you ever had a_case_where (這一種情況) someone accused your journalists of getting the wrong end of the stick?

　　Ⅳ.語法自測——倒裝

　　完成句子

　　1．Quiet_student_as_he_is,_he talks a lot about his favorite football stars with his classmates after class.(as)

　　盡管是個安靜的學(xué)生，他課下與同學(xué)們談?wù)撛S多關(guān)于他最喜歡的足球明星的事。

　　2．Not until midnight_did_Mary_fall_asleep last night because of too much homework.(fall)

　　由于作業(yè)太多，瑪麗昨晚直到午夜時分才入睡。

　　3．Only by presenting facts and reasoning things out can_we_be_convinced.(convince)

　　只有通過擺事實講道理才能讓我們服氣。

　　4．Nowhere_else_can_you_see so many grand bridges as in Wuhan.(nowhere)

　　別的任何地方你不可能看到如武漢那么多宏偉的橋。

　　5．Seated in the studio is_the_professor,_along with his two students, receiving the interview now.(be)

　　坐在錄音棚里的是這位教授和他的兩個學(xué)生，現(xiàn)正在接受采訪。

　　1.assist vt.幫助；協(xié)助；援助

　　幫助某人做某事

　　(2)assistance n.

　　援助；幫助

　　be of assistance

　　有幫助的；能幫上忙的

　　come to one's assistance

　　幫助某人

　　with the assistance of

　　在……的幫助下

　　I swam to Dad quickly and assisted him in climbing onto the hull (船殼) of the boat.(2011·重慶完形)

　　我迅速地游向父親，幫他爬到船殼上。

　　②Tom assisted his friend to organize an activity.

　　湯姆幫助他的朋友組織一次活動。

　　③What he said is of assistance to her progress in her study.

　　他的話對于她學(xué)習(xí)上的進步很有幫助。

　　【對點練習(xí)】

　　一句多譯

　　瑪麗幫助我完成了這份工作。

　　①Mary assisted_me_with this work.

　　②Mary assisted_me_in finishing the work.

　　③Mary assisted_me_to finish the work.

　　④With_the_assistance of Mary, I finished the work.

　　2.inform vt.通知；告訴

　　①If asked to look after luggage for someone else, inform the police at once.(2024·江西高考)

　　如果有人要求為他照看行李，請馬上報警。

　　(1)inform sb. of sth. 告訴某人某事；通知某人某事

　　inform sb.＋從句

　　通知某人……

　　keep sb. informed (of)

　　使某人隨時了解(……)

　　(2)information n．[U]

　　通知；消息；情報；信息

　　Had I informed him of the exact time for the meeting earlier, he wouldn't have been late yesterday.

　　要是我早一點通知他開會的準(zhǔn)確時間，昨天他就不會遲到了。

　　一有麻煩你就應(yīng)該告知我們。

　　【對點練習(xí)】

　　Ⅰ.完成句子

　　①The information that the Internet offers always keeps_us_informed_of what is happening in the world.(inform)

　　因特網(wǎng)所提供的信息使我們了解當(dāng)今世界所發(fā)生的一切。

　　②We regret to_inform_you_that your application has been rejected.(inform)

　　我們很遺憾地通知你，你的申請未被接受。

　　Ⅱ.高考作文高級表達(dá)

　　③它使我們及時了解(keep sb. informed of)一周來國內(nèi)外所發(fā)生的事情。(2011·全國卷Ⅱ書面表達(dá))

　　It_keeps_us_informed_of_what_have_happened_during_the_week.

　　3.case n．情況；病例；案例

　　in no case決不(置于句首時，常用倒裝句式)

　　in case (that)

　　假使；以防萬一

　　in case of

　　假如發(fā)生；萬一發(fā)生

　　in this/that case

　　假使這樣/那樣的話

　　as is often the case

　　這是常有的事

　　①In this case, you must keep the sail half way outside the boat.(2024·全國卷Ⅱ閱讀B)

　　假如這樣的話，你必須在船外揚半帆。

　　②As is often the case, solving one problem can cause or uncover another.

　　事實往往是這樣，解決一個問題可能會導(dǎo)致或暴露另一個問題。

　　【對點練習(xí)】

　　完成句子

　　①Take the note as a reminder in_case_you_forget_to_buy some sweets for the kids while shopping there.(case)

　　帶著這張便條作為提醒，以防你在那兒購物時忘了給孩子們買糖果。

　　②Today, we'll discuss a number of cases where_beginners_of_English_fail_to_use the language properly.(fail)

　　當(dāng)今，我們討論許多這樣的情況：初學(xué)英語的人不會正確使用詞匯。

　　③In no case is_anyone_allowed_to use that phone in the office for personal affairs.(allow)

　　任何人在任何情況下都不允許因私事在辦公室用那部電話。

　　4.demand n．要求；需要 vt.強烈要求

　　(1)be in (great) demand(迫切)需求

　　meet/satisfy one's demands

　　滿足某人的需求

　　(2)demand sth. of/from sb.

　　向某人要某物

　　demand of sb. to do sth.

　　要求某人做某事

　　demand to do sth.

　　要求做某事

　　demand doing/to be done

　　某物需要被……

　　demand that ...

　　要求……[從句中動詞用 (should＋)動詞原形]

　　①Since the earliest civilizations, people have controlled rivers to meet society's demands.(2024·湖南寫作A)

　　從最早的文明以來，人們就已經(jīng)通過控制河流來滿足社會的需求。

　　②The teacher demanded of the students to go to school on time.

　　這位老師要求學(xué)生們準(zhǔn)時到校。

　　③The manager demanded that the workers (should) work extra hours to complete the task ahead of time.

　　經(jīng)理要求工人加班，以提前完成任務(wù)。

　　【對點練習(xí)】

　　Ⅰ.句型轉(zhuǎn)換

　　①My car demands repairing, so I have to go to work by bus.

　　→My car demands to be repaired,_so I have to go to work by bus.

　　Ⅱ.完成句子

　　②Medical workers who are experienced are_in_great_demand in that area which has been cut off because of the earthquake.(demand)

　　那個由于地震現(xiàn)與外界隔絕的地區(qū)非常需要有經(jīng)驗的醫(yī)療工作者。

　　③At the conference, the Chairman

　　demanded that people present (should)_make_every_effort_to protect the polar bear against dying out.(make)

　　會上主席要求參加會議的人都要努力保護北極熊，以免其滅絕。

　　5.approve vt.贊成；認(rèn)可；批準(zhǔn)

　　(1)approve of sb./sb.'s doing sth.

　　贊同某人；同意某人做某事

　　(2)approval n.

　　贊成；同意；批準(zhǔn)；通過

　　give one's approval to

　　同意；批準(zhǔn)

　　(3)approving adj.

　　贊許的；認(rèn)可的

　　I approve of your trying to earn some money, but please don't neglect your studies.

　　我同意你去掙一些錢，可是不要誤了功課。

　　②I can't give my approval to such an arrangement.

　　我不贊成這樣的安排。

　　【語境串記】　His project was approved, and the approval won him many approving glances.

　　他的計劃被批準(zhǔn)了，這項計劃的批準(zhǔn)為他贏得了許多贊許的目光。

　　【對點練習(xí)】

　　Ⅰ.完成句子

　　①If_they_don't_approve_my_plan,_all my work will have wasted.(approve)

　　如果他們不批準(zhǔn)我的計劃，我的所有工作就白做了。

　　Ⅱ.一句多譯

　　②他們不會同意你去那里。

　　②－1 They won't approve_of_your_going_there.(approve)

　　②－2 They won't give_their_approval_to_your_going_there.(approval)

　　6.concentrate on集中；全神貫注于

　　①When you concentrate on one task, you find you have energy that you didn't even know you had.(2024·浙江閱讀第二節(jié))

　　當(dāng)集中于一項工作，你會發(fā)現(xiàn)你所潛在的巨大能量。

　　(1)concentrate on (doing) sth.　專心(做)某事

　　concentrate one's mind/attention/energy on

　　集中注意力于；致力于

　　集中……于……

　　(3)concentrated adj.

　　全神貫注的

　　(4)concentration n.

　　集中；專心

　　For example, I can just concentrate on reading for a short time.(2024·四川寫作)

　　例如，短時間內(nèi)我能專心讀書。

　　③Many media in the world concentrated their attention on the summit of the Group of Twenty being held in Moscow.

　　世界上許多媒體把注意力集中在正在莫斯科舉行的G20峰會上。

　　【語境串記】　In class, he has little power of concentration; as a result, he could not concentrate on what his teacher says.But at home he could play computer games with concentrated attention.

　　在課堂上他不能夠集中注意力，結(jié)果他無法專心于老師的講解；但是在家中，他卻能夠?qū)Ｐ牡赝骐娔X游戲。

　　【對點練習(xí)】

　　一句多譯

　　你若集中精力學(xué)習(xí)英語，你會掌握這門語言的。

　　①If you concentrate_(your_attention)_on English, you will master the language.

　　②Concentrate_(your_attention)_on English, and you will master the language.

　　③Concentrating_(your_attention)_on English will enable you to master the language.