Spending too much time online can increase your risk of catching a cold or the flu, scientists have warned.

科學(xué)家近日警告，上網(wǎng)時(shí)間過長會(huì)增加患感冒和流感的幾率。

Those with greater levels of internet addiction are more likely to succumb to illness, than those who spend fewer hours online.

那些網(wǎng)癮更嚴(yán)重的人要比上網(wǎng)時(shí)間較短的人更易生病。

Researchers at the universities of Swansea and Milan believe the reason lies in the fact people with an internet addiction are more secluded, and as a result have weakened immune systems.

斯旺西大學(xué)和米蘭大學(xué)的研究人員認(rèn)為造成這一結(jié)果的原因是沉溺于網(wǎng)絡(luò)的人更喜歡足不出戶，因而導(dǎo)致免疫系統(tǒng)下降。

They said the lack of interaction with other people and less time spent outside exposing themselves to germs played a role.

研究人員表示，缺乏與他人的互動(dòng)以及在戶外接觸細(xì)菌的時(shí)間較短也是一方面原因。

Past studies have also found people who spend more time online experience greater sleep deprivation, have worse eating habits, engage in less exercise and tend to smoke and drink more alcohol.

以往的研究還發(fā)現(xiàn)上網(wǎng)時(shí)間較長的人往往睡眠不足更嚴(yán)重，飲食習(xí)慣較差，鍛煉得更少，并且更可能吸煙酗酒。

These behaviours can harm their immune system and increase vulnerability to diseases.

這些不良行為都會(huì)破壞人體免疫系統(tǒng)，增加得病幾率。

Professor Phil Read, from Swansea University, said: 'We found that the impact of the internet on people's health was independent of a range of other factors, like depression, sleep deprivation, and loneliness, which are associated with high levels of internet use and also with poor health.'

斯旺西大學(xué)的費(fèi)爾•里德教授(Phil Read)說：“我們發(fā)現(xiàn)網(wǎng)絡(luò)對人類健康的影響與抑郁、睡眠不足、孤獨(dú)等一系列其他因素并不相關(guān)。這些問題被認(rèn)為與高頻度的上網(wǎng)和健康狀況差有關(guān)。

Researchers evaluated 500 people aged 18 to 101 years old.

研究人員針對18歲到101歲間的500人進(jìn)行了評(píng)估。

They found that those who reported problems with excessive use of the internet also suffered more cold and flu symptoms than those who spent less time online.

他們發(fā)現(xiàn)，那些有過度上網(wǎng)問題的人比上網(wǎng)時(shí)間較短的人出現(xiàn)了更多的感冒和流感癥狀。

Around 40 per cent of the sample reported mild or worse levels of internet addiction - a figure which did not differ between males and females.

40%左右的被研究人員稱自己有輕微或更嚴(yán)重的網(wǎng)癮，這一數(shù)字在男性和女性群體間并無差異。

People who have greater levels of internet addiction had around 30 per cent more cold and flu symptoms than those with less problematic internet usage.

重度網(wǎng)癮患者出現(xiàn)的感冒和流感癥狀比網(wǎng)絡(luò)依賴度較低的人多30%左右。

And researchers found people who are addicted to the internet may suffer from great stress when they are disconnected from the net.

研究人員還發(fā)現(xiàn)沉溺于網(wǎng)絡(luò)的人在網(wǎng)絡(luò)無法連接時(shí)可能感受到巨大的壓力。

This cycle of stress and relief associated with internet addiction may lead to altered levels of cortisol, a hormone that impacts on the immune system, Professor Read and his team noted.

里德教授以及他的團(tuán)隊(duì)指出，這種因網(wǎng)癮而產(chǎn)生的壓力與解壓的循環(huán)會(huì)導(dǎo)致皮質(zhì)醇水平的改變，皮質(zhì)醇是一種會(huì)對免疫系統(tǒng)造成影響的荷爾蒙。

Professor Read said: 'It may also be that those who spend a long time alone on the internet experience reduced immune function as a result of simply not having enough contact with others and their germs.'

里德教授說：“也可能是獨(dú)自上網(wǎng)時(shí)間較長的人同他人以及他人身上的病菌接觸較少，導(dǎo)致免疫系統(tǒng)功能下降。

The team found most people reported using the internet on average for six hours a day.

該研究團(tuán)隊(duì)發(fā)現(xiàn)大多被研究人員平均每天上網(wǎng)6個(gè)小時(shí)。

Meanwhile, a minority admitted to being online for more than 10 hours a day - usually using social media sites.

少部分人則承認(rèn)自己每天上網(wǎng)超過10個(gè)小時(shí)，通常用來瀏覽社交媒體網(wǎng)站。

And researchers noted differences between the way men and women use the internet.

研究人員還指出了男性和女性在使用網(wǎng)絡(luò)上的不同。

Women showed a propensity to use social media sites and shop online, while men were more likely than women to use the internet for gaming and pornography.

女性傾向于瀏覽社交媒體網(wǎng)站和網(wǎng)購，而男性則更可能上網(wǎng)打游戲和瀏覽色情作品。

Vocabulary

succumb ：屈服

cortisol：皮質(zhì)醇

propensity：傾向，嗜好

pornography：色情作品

Spending too much time online can increase your risk of catching a cold or the flu, scientists have warned.

科學(xué)家近日警告，上網(wǎng)時(shí)間過長會(huì)增加患感冒和流感的幾率。

Those with greater levels of internet addiction are more likely to succumb to illness, than those who spend fewer hours online.

那些網(wǎng)癮更嚴(yán)重的人要比上網(wǎng)時(shí)間較短的人更易生病。

Researchers at the universities of Swansea and Milan believe the reason lies in the fact people with an internet addiction are more secluded, and as a result have weakened immune systems.

斯旺西大學(xué)和米蘭大學(xué)的研究人員認(rèn)為造成這一結(jié)果的原因是沉溺于網(wǎng)絡(luò)的人更喜歡足不出戶，因而導(dǎo)致免疫系統(tǒng)下降。

They said the lack of interaction with other people and less time spent outside exposing themselves to germs played a role.

研究人員表示，缺乏與他人的互動(dòng)以及在戶外接觸細(xì)菌的時(shí)間較短也是一方面原因。

Past studies have also found people who spend more time online experience greater sleep deprivation, have worse eating habits, engage in less exercise and tend to smoke and drink more alcohol.

以往的研究還發(fā)現(xiàn)上網(wǎng)時(shí)間較長的人往往睡眠不足更嚴(yán)重，飲食習(xí)慣較差，鍛煉得更少，并且更可能吸煙酗酒。

These behaviours can harm their immune system and increase vulnerability to diseases.

這些不良行為都會(huì)破壞人體免疫系統(tǒng)，增加得病幾率。

Professor Phil Read, from Swansea University, said: 'We found that the impact of the internet on people's health was independent of a range of other factors, like depression, sleep deprivation, and loneliness, which are associated with high levels of internet use and also with poor health.'

斯旺西大學(xué)的費(fèi)爾•里德教授(Phil Read)說：“我們發(fā)現(xiàn)網(wǎng)絡(luò)對人類健康的影響與抑郁、睡眠不足、孤獨(dú)等一系列其他因素并不相關(guān)。這些問題被認(rèn)為與高頻度的上網(wǎng)和健康狀況差有關(guān)。

Researchers evaluated 500 people aged 18 to 101 years old.

研究人員針對18歲到101歲間的500人進(jìn)行了評(píng)估。

They found that those who reported problems with excessive use of the internet also suffered more cold and flu symptoms than those who spent less time online.

他們發(fā)現(xiàn)，那些有過度上網(wǎng)問題的人比上網(wǎng)時(shí)間較短的人出現(xiàn)了更多的感冒和流感癥狀。

Around 40 per cent of the sample reported mild or worse levels of internet addiction - a figure which did not differ between males and females.

40%左右的被研究人員稱自己有輕微或更嚴(yán)重的網(wǎng)癮，這一數(shù)字在男性和女性群體間并無差異。

People who have greater levels of internet addiction had around 30 per cent more cold and flu symptoms than those with less problematic internet usage.

重度網(wǎng)癮患者出現(xiàn)的感冒和流感癥狀比網(wǎng)絡(luò)依賴度較低的人多30%左右。

And researchers found people who are addicted to the internet may suffer from great stress when they are disconnected from the net.

研究人員還發(fā)現(xiàn)沉溺于網(wǎng)絡(luò)的人在網(wǎng)絡(luò)無法連接時(shí)可能感受到巨大的壓力。

This cycle of stress and relief associated with internet addiction may lead to altered levels of cortisol, a hormone that impacts on the immune system, Professor Read and his team noted.

里德教授以及他的團(tuán)隊(duì)指出，這種因網(wǎng)癮而產(chǎn)生的壓力與解壓的循環(huán)會(huì)導(dǎo)致皮質(zhì)醇水平的改變，皮質(zhì)醇是一種會(huì)對免疫系統(tǒng)造成影響的荷爾蒙。

Professor Read said: 'It may also be that those who spend a long time alone on the internet experience reduced immune function as a result of simply not having enough contact with others and their germs.'

里德教授說：“也可能是獨(dú)自上網(wǎng)時(shí)間較長的人同他人以及他人身上的病菌接觸較少，導(dǎo)致免疫系統(tǒng)功能下降。

The team found most people reported using the internet on average for six hours a day.

該研究團(tuán)隊(duì)發(fā)現(xiàn)大多被研究人員平均每天上網(wǎng)6個(gè)小時(shí)。

Meanwhile, a minority admitted to being online for more than 10 hours a day - usually using social media sites.

少部分人則承認(rèn)自己每天上網(wǎng)超過10個(gè)小時(shí)，通常用來瀏覽社交媒體網(wǎng)站。

And researchers noted differences between the way men and women use the internet.

研究人員還指出了男性和女性在使用網(wǎng)絡(luò)上的不同。

Women showed a propensity to use social media sites and shop online, while men were more likely than women to use the internet for gaming and pornography.

女性傾向于瀏覽社交媒體網(wǎng)站和網(wǎng)購，而男性則更可能上網(wǎng)打游戲和瀏覽色情作品。

Vocabulary

succumb ：屈服

cortisol：皮質(zhì)醇

propensity：傾向，嗜好

pornography：色情作品