中學(xué)生英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)常見(jiàn)錯(cuò)誤一覽表2

　　 B?

　　 back ?

　　 [誤] I'm sorry. I have to back home.?

　　 [正] I'm sorry. I have to go back home.?

　　 [正] I'm sorry. I have to go home.?

　　 [析] back用作回到(某處)之意,不是動(dòng)詞。?

　　 be ?

　　 [誤] Where do you from??

　　 [正] Where are you from??

　　 [析] 你從何處來(lái)應(yīng)為Where are you from?或Where do you come from? 但要注意這兩句話均是問(wèn)對(duì)方從哪個(gè)國(guó)家來(lái)的。要是口語(yǔ)中問(wèn)你是從什么地方來(lái)?應(yīng)講Where did you come from? 回答用I came from the library.?

　　 beat ?

　　 [誤] We have won your class.?

　　 [正] We have beaten your class.?

　　 [正] We have won the game.?

　　 [析] win是勝過(guò)之意,它是及物動(dòng)詞,但其后的賓語(yǔ)只能接比賽、戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)、獎(jiǎng)品、獎(jiǎng)金的名稱,如:Which team won the football match? 而beat指打敗對(duì)手、敵人如:My brother beat me at poker.(要注意的是,beat的過(guò)去式與原形相同,而過(guò)去分詞為beaten)。?

　　 [誤] The ball beat me badly.?

　　 [正] The ball hit me badly.?

　　 [誤] He used to hit the little boy black and blue.?

　　 [正] He used to beat the little boy black and blue.?

　　 [析] beat指打擊多次,而hit則為擊中對(duì)方的一次性打擊。?

　　 beautiful ?

　　 [誤] He is a beautiful boy.?

　　 [正] He is a handsome boy.?

　　 [析] 我們可以講She is a beautiful girl. This is a beautiful park. 但要講男人的英俊時(shí)要用handsome.?

　　 because ?

　　 [誤] The reason why I was late is because I was ill.?

　　 [正] The reason why I was late is that I was ill.?

　　 [誤] Because it was Sunday, so the park was crowded.?

　　 [正] Because it was Sunday the park was crowded.?

　　 [析] 這種錯(cuò)誤是因?yàn)橹形牡牧?xí)慣與英語(yǔ)的表述法不同,中文常講我來(lái)晚了的原因是因?yàn)槲也×?而英文中的第二個(gè)因?yàn)橐胻hat代替。又因中文常講因?yàn)樗?而英文中用了因?yàn)榫筒荒茉儆盟粤?同樣用了所以也就不要再用因?yàn)橐辉~。例如:Because we study hard, we passed the exam easily. 或者:We study hard so we passed the exam easily.?

　　 because because of ?

　　 because后要接從句,例如:We like physics because we can learn a lot of new ideas. 而because of后要接名詞作介詞賓語(yǔ),如:He is not at school because of the illness.?

　　 before ?

　　 [誤] We have two hours to kill before we will go home.?

　　 [正] We have two hours to kill before we go home.?

　　 [析] kill time意為消磨時(shí)光。?

　　 英語(yǔ)狀語(yǔ)從句中要用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示將來(lái)的動(dòng)作。如:If it rains we will not go to the park.

　　 [誤] I did this work two days before.?

　　 [正] I did this work two days ago.?

　　 [析] 用ago組成的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)其主句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用過(guò)去時(shí),而before引起的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)其主句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞多用完成時(shí),如:I has done this work a few days before.?

　　 before long long before ?

　　 before long是不久之意,例如:I shall go to America before long. 而long before則是很久很久之意,如:We knew this teacher long before we saw him. (我們?cè)诳吹竭@位老師之前很久就知道他了。)?

　　 begin ?

　　 [誤] The meeting will begin from Monday.?

　　 [正] The meeting will begin on Monday.?

　　 [誤] The film has begun for ten minutes.?

　　 [正] The film has been on for ten minutes.?

　　 [析] begin是瞬間動(dòng)詞,所以它的完成時(shí)態(tài)不能接表示一段時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ),如:The film has begun. 這句話是對(duì)的,即電影已經(jīng)開始。但要講已經(jīng)開始10分鐘了則要用has been on即上演了10分鐘。?

　　 begin start ?

　　 begin與start兩詞后面加不定式或動(dòng)名詞都可以,且意思并無(wú)區(qū)別,但在表達(dá)習(xí)慣時(shí)接動(dòng)名詞的用法較多,如:How old wern you when you first started learning English?但這兩個(gè)詞的進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)中則多用不定式,如:I was beginning to get hungry. 但如果句子的主語(yǔ)是物而不是人,則多用不定式,如:The ice began to melt. It started to get dark before we got to school. 當(dāng)動(dòng)詞是表達(dá)某種心理狀態(tài)時(shí),要用不定式,如:The student began to understand his mistakes.?

　　 [誤] They study hard in the class from the beginning to the end.?

　　 [正] They study hard in the class from beginning to end.?

　　 [析] from beginning to end是習(xí)慣用法,即自始至終,不要加冠詞,但如單獨(dú)使用則要加冠詞,例如:At the beginning,the teacher gave us an exam.?

　　 behind ?

　　 [誤] He missed the class because he was behind the time.?

　　 [正] He missed the class because he was behind time.?

　　 [析] behind time一短語(yǔ)意為晚了,而behind the times意為落后于時(shí)代。behind是介詞同時(shí)又是副詞,如Come out from behind the door(介詞). He's a long way behind(副詞). He fell behind with his classmates(副詞).?

　　 below ?

　　 [誤] What's that below the chair.?

　　 [正] What's that under the chair.?

　　 [析] under意為正下方,而below意為比低,或指在下游。如:There is a fall below the river. (河的下游有一個(gè)瀑布。)其反義詞為over,如:There is a big plane flying over the city. 但在下面的例子一表達(dá)語(yǔ)中則要用the example below, 而不要用under.?

　　 beside ?

　　 [誤] The students stood besides the teacher.?

　　 [正] The students stood beside the teacher.?

　　 [誤] I study English beside Chinese.?

　　 [正] I study English besides Chinese.?

　　 [析] beside意為在旁邊,而besides是除以外(還如何)。?

　　 beside by near ?

　　 beside意為在旁,如:There is a tall tree beside the river. by多指倚、靠、沿著之意,如:She is standing by the window. near多用來(lái)表示兩地間距離不遠(yuǎn),如:There is a post office near our school.?

　　 better ?

　　 [誤] You had better to do it at home.?

　　 [正] You had better do it at home.?

　　 [誤] You hadn't better wake me up at six.?

　　 [正] You had better not wake me up at six.?

　　 [析] had better在肯定句中為應(yīng)該作某事,其后加不帶to的不定式,而在否定句中應(yīng)用had better+not+動(dòng)詞原形。在簡(jiǎn)答語(yǔ)中had常省略為'd,如:You'd better not. 又如:

　　 ?Let's? go first. No, we'd better not.?

　　 between ?

　　 [誤] Among the two trees there is a space of the feet.?

　　 [正] Between the two trees there is a space of the feet.?

　　 [析] 兩者之間多用between,三者或三者以上之間則用among.?

　　 [誤] You must choose between this club or that club.?

　　 [正] You must choose between this club and that club.?

　　 [析] 在兩個(gè)之間作出選擇要用betweenand,而不能用betweenor.?

　　 big ?

　　 [誤] There was a big rain last night.?

　　 [正] There was a heavy rain last night.?

　　 [析] 大雨在英語(yǔ)中只能用a heavy rain而不要用a big rain. ?

　　 bit ?

　　 [誤] He is a bit fool. ?

　　 [正] He is a bit of a fool.?

　　 [析] a bit可以作程度副詞,與a little相同,但它用于名詞前應(yīng)用a bit of, 而用于形容詞前則應(yīng)用a bit,如:I'm a bit tired, 而其簡(jiǎn)答的否定句應(yīng)為Not a bit, (一點(diǎn)兒也不。)又如:?

　　 -Do you mind if I open the door??

　　 -Not a bit. ?

　　 black ?

　　 [誤] The children became black after swimming in the sea.?

　　 [正] The children became sunburned after swimming in the sea.?

　　 [析] 因太陽(yáng)照曬而皮膚變黑,不應(yīng)用black而應(yīng)用sunburned, sun colour或dark.?

　　 [誤] The girl has black eyes and black

　　 hair.?

　　 [正] The girl has dark eyes and black hair.?

　　 [析] 英語(yǔ)中black eyes的意思是被打得發(fā)青的眼睛。?

　　 [誤] The Europeans like red tea.?

　　 [正] The Europeans like black tea.?

　　 [析] 紅茶在英文中應(yīng)為black tea. 這種慣用法還有:black and blue(鼻青臉腫,青一塊紫一塊);black?and?white(黑白電視片)。go black意為在失去知覺(jué)時(shí)眼前一片黑暗look black意為情況不妙,前景暗淡。如:After the fight he was black and blue.On TV, I like colour for something and black?and?white for others.?

　　 body ?

　　 [誤] Going to bed earlier and getting up earlier is good for your body.?

　　 [正] Going to bed earlier and getting up earlier is good for your health.?

　　 [析] 中文常講對(duì)你身體有利,而英文中則講對(duì)你健康有利。?

　　 borrow ?

　　 [誤] May I lend some books from the library??

　　 [正] May I borrow some books from the library??

　　 [誤] How long can I borrow it??

　　 [正] How long can I keep it??

　　 [析] 英語(yǔ)中有三個(gè)詞都可譯為借,但意義各不相同如:借入是borrow,其常用句型結(jié)構(gòu)是borrow something from somebody,這是個(gè)瞬間性動(dòng)詞,不可與表示延續(xù)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用。例如:The students want to borrow some books from the library. 借出用lend,即借給別人東西。其常用句型是lend somebody something, 或lend something to somebody.例如:Could you lend us your dictionary?或Could you lend your dictionary to us? 它也是瞬間性動(dòng)詞,也不能與延續(xù)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用。keep則是延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞,可以和表示長(zhǎng)時(shí)間段的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用,也可與how long等疑問(wèn)詞連用,如:You can keep it for three days.?

　　 born (bear的過(guò)去分詞)?

　　 [誤] I born in Shanghai.?

　　 [正] I was born in Shanghai.?

　　 [誤] He was born from Greek parents.?

　　 [正] He was born of Greek parents.?

　　 [析] 出身于樣的家庭不要作from而要用of,例如:He was born of a poor family.

　　 both ?

　　 [誤] They both are students.?

　　 [正] They are both students.?

　　 [誤] They refuse both to answer this question.?

　　 [正] They both refuse to answer this question.?

　　 [析] both作同位語(yǔ)時(shí),一般要用在be動(dòng)詞之后實(shí)意動(dòng)詞之前。

　　 [誤] I know his both parents.?

　　 [正] I know both his parents.?

　　 [誤] The both brothers were students.?

　　 [正] Both the brothers were students.?

　　 [正] Both brothers were students.?

　　 [析] 當(dāng)both與形容詞性物主代詞my, his, her等以及定冠詞the連用時(shí),都應(yīng)將這些詞置于both之后。另外,在與定冠詞連用時(shí)the可以省略。?

　　 [誤] Both of my parents are not at home.?

　　 [正] Neither of my parents are at home.?

　　 [誤] Both of your answers are not right.?

　　 [正] Neither of your answers is right.?

　　 [正] Both your answers are wrong.?

　　 [析] both不能用于否定句中作主語(yǔ)。表示兩者都不時(shí)要用neither;但作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)both與either則都對(duì),但要注意句意有所不同。例如:I cannot give both of the books to you. (我不能將兩本書全給你。)而I cannot give either of the books to you. (兩本書中哪本書也不能給你。)?

　　 bring ?

　　 [誤] Please bring this dictionary to Mr Brown.?

　　 [正] Please take this dictionary to Mr Brown.?

　　 [誤] Next time, please take your little sister here.?

　　 [正] Next time, please bring your little sister here.?

　　 [析] 英語(yǔ)中bring是帶來(lái),而take是帶走。還有一個(gè)詞fetch, 表示到某處去把某物取、接回來(lái)。如:Please fetch the doctor at once.?

　　 business ?

　　 [誤] My father went to Shanghai for business.?

　　 [正] My father went to Shanghai on business.?

　　 [析] on business出差?

　　 busy ?

　　 [誤] The students were very busy to prepare for the exam.?

　　 [正] The students were very busy preparing for the exam.?

　　 [析] be busy doing something為忙于作某事?

　　 [誤] The students were busy for the exam.?

　　 [正] The students were busy with the exam.?

　　 [析] busy直接接名詞時(shí)應(yīng)用with.?

　　 but ?

　　 [誤] He couldn't help but realizing that he was wrong.?

　　 [正] He couldn't help but realize that he was wrong.?

　　 [誤] She couldn't help to cry when she saw her mother.?

　　 [正] She couldn't help crying when she saw her mother.?

　　 [析] couldn't help其后應(yīng)接動(dòng)名詞,表示情不自禁的動(dòng)作,但couldn't help but后面要加動(dòng)詞原形即省to的不定式,所以前一句應(yīng)譯為他才真正認(rèn)識(shí)到他錯(cuò)了。

　　 ?

　　 buy ?

　　 [誤] I have bought this dictionary for three years.?

　　 [正] I have had this dictionary for three years.?

　　 [析] buy是截止性(即瞬間)動(dòng)詞,它可以有完成時(shí),如:I have bought this dictionary. 但是不能與表示較長(zhǎng)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用。如要講我這本字典已買了3年了則要用have had這一結(jié)構(gòu)即我擁有這本字典已3年了。?

　　 by ?

　　 [誤] The boy shot the cat by a gun.?

　　 [正] The boy shot the cat with a gun.?

　　 [誤] He came to school by a taxi this morning.?

　　 [正] He came to school by taxi this morning.?

　　 [析] 作為某種運(yùn)輸手段來(lái)講,by與名詞間不能有冠詞,如:by car, by bike, by air等。如有了冠詞或其他修飾詞,則應(yīng)用別的相應(yīng)的介詞,如:我們今天早上是乘他的車來(lái)的一句應(yīng)譯為:We came here in his car this morning.?與by結(jié)合而成的詞組很多,常用的有:by the way順便說(shuō)說(shuō);by hand手工制作;by oneself獨(dú)自地;by no means決不。?

　　-

　　中學(xué)生英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)常見(jiàn)錯(cuò)誤一覽表2

　　 B?

　　 back ?

　　 [誤] I'm sorry. I have to back home.?

　　 [正] I'm sorry. I have to go back home.?

　　 [正] I'm sorry. I have to go home.?

　　 [析] back用作回到(某處)之意,不是動(dòng)詞。?

　　 be ?

　　 [誤] Where do you from??

　　 [正] Where are you from??

　　 [析] 你從何處來(lái)應(yīng)為Where are you from?或Where do you come from? 但要注意這兩句話均是問(wèn)對(duì)方從哪個(gè)國(guó)家來(lái)的。要是口語(yǔ)中問(wèn)你是從什么地方來(lái)?應(yīng)講Where did you come from? 回答用I came from the library.?

　　 beat ?

　　 [誤] We have won your class.?

　　 [正] We have beaten your class.?

　　 [正] We have won the game.?

　　 [析] win是勝過(guò)之意,它是及物動(dòng)詞,但其后的賓語(yǔ)只能接比賽、戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)、獎(jiǎng)品、獎(jiǎng)金的名稱,如:Which team won the football match? 而beat指打敗對(duì)手、敵人如:My brother beat me at poker.(要注意的是,beat的過(guò)去式與原形相同,而過(guò)去分詞為beaten)。?

　　 [誤] The ball beat me badly.?

　　 [正] The ball hit me badly.?

　　 [誤] He used to hit the little boy black and blue.?

　　 [正] He used to beat the little boy black and blue.?

　　 [析] beat指打擊多次,而hit則為擊中對(duì)方的一次性打擊。?

　　 beautiful ?

　　 [誤] He is a beautiful boy.?

　　 [正] He is a handsome boy.?

　　 [析] 我們可以講She is a beautiful girl. This is a beautiful park. 但要講男人的英俊時(shí)要用handsome.?

　　 because ?

　　 [誤] The reason why I was late is because I was ill.?

　　 [正] The reason why I was late is that I was ill.?

　　 [誤] Because it was Sunday, so the park was crowded.?

　　 [正] Because it was Sunday the park was crowded.?

　　 [析] 這種錯(cuò)誤是因?yàn)橹形牡牧?xí)慣與英語(yǔ)的表述法不同,中文常講我來(lái)晚了的原因是因?yàn)槲也×?而英文中的第二個(gè)因?yàn)橐胻hat代替。又因中文常講因?yàn)樗?而英文中用了因?yàn)榫筒荒茉儆盟粤?同樣用了所以也就不要再用因?yàn)橐辉~。例如:Because we study hard, we passed the exam easily. 或者:We study hard so we passed the exam easily.?

　　 because because of ?

　　 because后要接從句,例如:We like physics because we can learn a lot of new ideas. 而because of后要接名詞作介詞賓語(yǔ),如:He is not at school because of the illness.?

　　 before ?

　　 [誤] We have two hours to kill before we will go home.?

　　 [正] We have two hours to kill before we go home.?

　　 [析] kill time意為消磨時(shí)光。?

　　 英語(yǔ)狀語(yǔ)從句中要用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示將來(lái)的動(dòng)作。如:If it rains we will not go to the park.

　　 [誤] I did this work two days before.?

　　 [正] I did this work two days ago.?

　　 [析] 用ago組成的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)其主句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用過(guò)去時(shí),而before引起的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)其主句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞多用完成時(shí),如:I has done this work a few days before.?

　　 before long long before ?

　　 before long是不久之意,例如:I shall go to America before long. 而long before則是很久很久之意,如:We knew this teacher long before we saw him. (我們?cè)诳吹竭@位老師之前很久就知道他了。)?

　　 begin ?

　　 [誤] The meeting will begin from Monday.?

　　 [正] The meeting will begin on Monday.?

　　 [誤] The film has begun for ten minutes.?

　　 [正] The film has been on for ten minutes.?

　　 [析] begin是瞬間動(dòng)詞,所以它的完成時(shí)態(tài)不能接表示一段時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ),如:The film has begun. 這句話是對(duì)的,即電影已經(jīng)開始。但要講已經(jīng)開始10分鐘了則要用has been on即上演了10分鐘。?

　　 begin start ?

　　 begin與start兩詞后面加不定式或動(dòng)名詞都可以,且意思并無(wú)區(qū)別,但在表達(dá)習(xí)慣時(shí)接動(dòng)名詞的用法較多,如:How old wern you when you first started learning English?但這兩個(gè)詞的進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)中則多用不定式,如:I was beginning to get hungry. 但如果句子的主語(yǔ)是物而不是人,則多用不定式,如:The ice began to melt. It started to get dark before we got to school. 當(dāng)動(dòng)詞是表達(dá)某種心理狀態(tài)時(shí),要用不定式,如:The student began to understand his mistakes.?

　　 [誤] They study hard in the class from the beginning to the end.?

　　 [正] They study hard in the class from beginning to end.?

　　 [析] from beginning to end是習(xí)慣用法,即自始至終,不要加冠詞,但如單獨(dú)使用則要加冠詞,例如:At the beginning,the teacher gave us an exam.?

　　 behind ?

　　 [誤] He missed the class because he was behind the time.?

　　 [正] He missed the class because he was behind time.?

　　 [析] behind time一短語(yǔ)意為晚了,而behind the times意為落后于時(shí)代。behind是介詞同時(shí)又是副詞,如Come out from behind the door(介詞). He's a long way behind(副詞). He fell behind with his classmates(副詞).?

　　 below ?

　　 [誤] What's that below the chair.?

　　 [正] What's that under the chair.?

　　 [析] under意為正下方,而below意為比低,或指在下游。如:There is a fall below the river. (河的下游有一個(gè)瀑布。)其反義詞為over,如:There is a big plane flying over the city. 但在下面的例子一表達(dá)語(yǔ)中則要用the example below, 而不要用under.?

　　 beside ?

　　 [誤] The students stood besides the teacher.?

　　 [正] The students stood beside the teacher.?

　　 [誤] I study English beside Chinese.?

　　 [正] I study English besides Chinese.?

　　 [析] beside意為在旁邊,而besides是除以外(還如何)。?

　　 beside by near ?

　　 beside意為在旁,如:There is a tall tree beside the river. by多指倚、靠、沿著之意,如:She is standing by the window. near多用來(lái)表示兩地間距離不遠(yuǎn),如:There is a post office near our school.?

　　 better ?

　　 [誤] You had better to do it at home.?

　　 [正] You had better do it at home.?

　　 [誤] You hadn't better wake me up at six.?

　　 [正] You had better not wake me up at six.?

　　 [析] had better在肯定句中為應(yīng)該作某事,其后加不帶to的不定式,而在否定句中應(yīng)用had better+not+動(dòng)詞原形。在簡(jiǎn)答語(yǔ)中had常省略為'd,如:You'd better not. 又如:

　　 ?Let's? go first. No, we'd better not.?

　　 between ?

　　 [誤] Among the two trees there is a space of the feet.?

　　 [正] Between the two trees there is a space of the feet.?

　　 [析] 兩者之間多用between,三者或三者以上之間則用among.?

　　 [誤] You must choose between this club or that club.?

　　 [正] You must choose between this club and that club.?

　　 [析] 在兩個(gè)之間作出選擇要用betweenand,而不能用betweenor.?

　　 big ?

　　 [誤] There was a big rain last night.?

　　 [正] There was a heavy rain last night.?

　　 [析] 大雨在英語(yǔ)中只能用a heavy rain而不要用a big rain. ?

　　 bit ?

　　 [誤] He is a bit fool. ?

　　 [正] He is a bit of a fool.?

　　 [析] a bit可以作程度副詞,與a little相同,但它用于名詞前應(yīng)用a bit of, 而用于形容詞前則應(yīng)用a bit,如:I'm a bit tired, 而其簡(jiǎn)答的否定句應(yīng)為Not a bit, (一點(diǎn)兒也不。)又如:?

　　 -Do you mind if I open the door??

　　 -Not a bit. ?

　　 black ?

　　 [誤] The children became black after swimming in the sea.?

　　 [正] The children became sunburned after swimming in the sea.?

　　 [析] 因太陽(yáng)照曬而皮膚變黑,不應(yīng)用black而應(yīng)用sunburned, sun colour或dark.?

　　 [誤] The girl has black eyes and black

　　 hair.?

　　 [正] The girl has dark eyes and black hair.?

　　 [析] 英語(yǔ)中black eyes的意思是被打得發(fā)青的眼睛。?

　　 [誤] The Europeans like red tea.?

　　 [正] The Europeans like black tea.?

　　 [析] 紅茶在英文中應(yīng)為black tea. 這種慣用法還有:black and blue(鼻青臉腫,青一塊紫一塊);black?and?white(黑白電視片)。go black意為在失去知覺(jué)時(shí)眼前一片黑暗look black意為情況不妙,前景暗淡。如:After the fight he was black and blue.On TV, I like colour for something and black?and?white for others.?

　　 body ?

　　 [誤] Going to bed earlier and getting up earlier is good for your body.?

　　 [正] Going to bed earlier and getting up earlier is good for your health.?

　　 [析] 中文常講對(duì)你身體有利,而英文中則講對(duì)你健康有利。?

　　 borrow ?

　　 [誤] May I lend some books from the library??

　　 [正] May I borrow some books from the library??

　　 [誤] How long can I borrow it??

　　 [正] How long can I keep it??

　　 [析] 英語(yǔ)中有三個(gè)詞都可譯為借,但意義各不相同如:借入是borrow,其常用句型結(jié)構(gòu)是borrow something from somebody,這是個(gè)瞬間性動(dòng)詞,不可與表示延續(xù)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用。例如:The students want to borrow some books from the library. 借出用lend,即借給別人東西。其常用句型是lend somebody something, 或lend something to somebody.例如:Could you lend us your dictionary?或Could you lend your dictionary to us? 它也是瞬間性動(dòng)詞,也不能與延續(xù)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用。keep則是延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞,可以和表示長(zhǎng)時(shí)間段的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用,也可與how long等疑問(wèn)詞連用,如:You can keep it for three days.?

　　 born (bear的過(guò)去分詞)?

　　 [誤] I born in Shanghai.?

　　 [正] I was born in Shanghai.?

　　 [誤] He was born from Greek parents.?

　　 [正] He was born of Greek parents.?

　　 [析] 出身于樣的家庭不要作from而要用of,例如:He was born of a poor family.

　　 both ?

　　 [誤] They both are students.?

　　 [正] They are both students.?

　　 [誤] They refuse both to answer this question.?

　　 [正] They both refuse to answer this question.?

　　 [析] both作同位語(yǔ)時(shí),一般要用在be動(dòng)詞之后實(shí)意動(dòng)詞之前。

　　 [誤] I know his both parents.?

　　 [正] I know both his parents.?

　　 [誤] The both brothers were students.?

　　 [正] Both the brothers were students.?

　　 [正] Both brothers were students.?

　　 [析] 當(dāng)both與形容詞性物主代詞my, his, her等以及定冠詞the連用時(shí),都應(yīng)將這些詞置于both之后。另外,在與定冠詞連用時(shí)the可以省略。?

　　 [誤] Both of my parents are not at home.?

　　 [正] Neither of my parents are at home.?

　　 [誤] Both of your answers are not right.?

　　 [正] Neither of your answers is right.?

　　 [正] Both your answers are wrong.?

　　 [析] both不能用于否定句中作主語(yǔ)。表示兩者都不時(shí)要用neither;但作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)both與either則都對(duì),但要注意句意有所不同。例如:I cannot give both of the books to you. (我不能將兩本書全給你。)而I cannot give either of the books to you. (兩本書中哪本書也不能給你。)?

　　 bring ?

　　 [誤] Please bring this dictionary to Mr Brown.?

　　 [正] Please take this dictionary to Mr Brown.?

　　 [誤] Next time, please take your little sister here.?

　　 [正] Next time, please bring your little sister here.?

　　 [析] 英語(yǔ)中bring是帶來(lái),而take是帶走。還有一個(gè)詞fetch, 表示到某處去把某物取、接回來(lái)。如:Please fetch the doctor at once.?

　　 business ?

　　 [誤] My father went to Shanghai for business.?

　　 [正] My father went to Shanghai on business.?

　　 [析] on business出差?

　　 busy ?

　　 [誤] The students were very busy to prepare for the exam.?

　　 [正] The students were very busy preparing for the exam.?

　　 [析] be busy doing something為忙于作某事?

　　 [誤] The students were busy for the exam.?

　　 [正] The students were busy with the exam.?

　　 [析] busy直接接名詞時(shí)應(yīng)用with.?

　　 but ?

　　 [誤] He couldn't help but realizing that he was wrong.?

　　 [正] He couldn't help but realize that he was wrong.?

　　 [誤] She couldn't help to cry when she saw her mother.?

　　 [正] She couldn't help crying when she saw her mother.?

　　 [析] couldn't help其后應(yīng)接動(dòng)名詞,表示情不自禁的動(dòng)作,但couldn't help but后面要加動(dòng)詞原形即省to的不定式,所以前一句應(yīng)譯為他才真正認(rèn)識(shí)到他錯(cuò)了。

　　 ?

　　 buy ?

　　 [誤] I have bought this dictionary for three years.?

　　 [正] I have had this dictionary for three years.?

　　 [析] buy是截止性(即瞬間)動(dòng)詞,它可以有完成時(shí),如:I have bought this dictionary. 但是不能與表示較長(zhǎng)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用。如要講我這本字典已買了3年了則要用have had這一結(jié)構(gòu)即我擁有這本字典已3年了。?

　　 by ?

　　 [誤] The boy shot the cat by a gun.?

　　 [正] The boy shot the cat with a gun.?

　　 [誤] He came to school by a taxi this morning.?

　　 [正] He came to school by taxi this morning.?

　　 [析] 作為某種運(yùn)輸手段來(lái)講,by與名詞間不能有冠詞,如:by car, by bike, by air等。如有了冠詞或其他修飾詞,則應(yīng)用別的相應(yīng)的介詞,如:我們今天早上是乘他的車來(lái)的一句應(yīng)譯為:We came here in his car this morning.?與by結(jié)合而成的詞組很多,常用的有:by the way順便說(shuō)說(shuō);by hand手工制作;by oneself獨(dú)自地;by no means決不。?

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