牛津?qū)嵱糜⒄Z語法:338 原因從句和結(jié)果／原因從句
除了下面A2，A3中所示各種類型外，這兩種從句均可由as或because來引導(dǎo)。但是用as引導(dǎo)原因從句較為穩(wěn)妥;用because引導(dǎo)結(jié)果/原因從句較為穩(wěn)妥(參見B)。
A 原因從句
1 由as/because/since 引導(dǎo)的原因從句：
We camped there as/because/since it was too dark to go on.
我們?cè)谀抢锫端奘且驗(yàn)樘焯冢荒茉倮^續(xù)往前走了。
As/Because/Since it was too dark to go on，we camped there.
因?yàn)樘焯诓荒茉倮^續(xù)往前走，我們就在那兒露宿了。
2 in view of the fact that可用as/since/seeing that來表示，但不能用because：
As/Since/Seeing that you are here，you may as well give me a hand.
既然你在這兒，你就幫我個(gè)忙吧。
As/Since/Seeing that Tom knows French，hed better do the talking.
既然湯姆懂法語，最好讓他來談。
3 在as/since/seeing that意指以前共知的或共知的陳述時(shí)，可用if來代替：
As/Since/Seeing that/If you dont like Bill，why did you invite him?
既然/如果你不喜歡比爾，你為什么邀請(qǐng)了他?
注意：if so的用法：
I hope Bill wont come.
If so(=If you hope he wont come)，why did you invite him?
我希望比爾別來。
如果這樣(=如果你希望他不來)，你為什么邀請(qǐng)了他?
B 結(jié)果從句由because或as引導(dǎo)：
The fuse blew because we had overloaded the circuit.
保險(xiǎn)絲燒斷了，因?yàn)槲覀兪咕€路超載了。
He was angry because we were late.
他生氣是因?yàn)槲覀儊硗砹恕?/p>
As it froze hard that night there was ice everywhere next day.
因?yàn)槟翘焱砩侠涞脜柡Γ缘诙斓教幎际潜?/p>
As the soup was very salty we were thirsty afterwards.
因?yàn)檫@湯很咸，后來我們渴得厲害。
C 這種組合也可用so連接兩個(gè)主句的形式來表示：
It was too dark to go on，so we camped there.
天太黑了，不能繼續(xù)往前走了，所以我們就在那兒露宿了。
You are here，so you may as well give me a hand.
你們既然在這兒，不如就幫我一下。
It froze hard that night，so there was ice everywhere next day.
那天夜里冷得厲害，所以第二天到處都是冰。
也可以使用therefore，但只限用于非常正式的句子中：
The Finnish delegate has not yet arrived.We are therefore postponing/ We have therefore decided to postpone/Therefore we are postponing the meeting.
芬蘭代表還沒有到達(dá)。我們因此要把會(huì)議推遲/因此我們已決定把會(huì)議推遲/因此我們要把會(huì)議推遲。(注意therefore可以放在幾個(gè)不同的位置。)
除了下面A2，A3中所示各種類型外，這兩種從句均可由as或because來引導(dǎo)。但是用as引導(dǎo)原因從句較為穩(wěn)妥;用because引導(dǎo)結(jié)果/原因從句較為穩(wěn)妥(參見B)。
A 原因從句
1 由as/because/since 引導(dǎo)的原因從句：
We camped there as/because/since it was too dark to go on.
我們?cè)谀抢锫端奘且驗(yàn)樘焯冢荒茉倮^續(xù)往前走了。
As/Because/Since it was too dark to go on，we camped there.
因?yàn)樘焯诓荒茉倮^續(xù)往前走，我們就在那兒露宿了。
2 in view of the fact that可用as/since/seeing that來表示，但不能用because：
As/Since/Seeing that you are here，you may as well give me a hand.
既然你在這兒，你就幫我個(gè)忙吧。
As/Since/Seeing that Tom knows French，hed better do the talking.
既然湯姆懂法語，最好讓他來談。
3 在as/since/seeing that意指以前共知的或共知的陳述時(shí)，可用if來代替：
As/Since/Seeing that/If you dont like Bill，why did you invite him?
既然/如果你不喜歡比爾，你為什么邀請(qǐng)了他?
注意：if so的用法：
I hope Bill wont come.
If so(=If you hope he wont come)，why did you invite him?
我希望比爾別來。
如果這樣(=如果你希望他不來)，你為什么邀請(qǐng)了他?
B 結(jié)果從句由because或as引導(dǎo)：
The fuse blew because we had overloaded the circuit.
保險(xiǎn)絲燒斷了，因?yàn)槲覀兪咕€路超載了。
He was angry because we were late.
他生氣是因?yàn)槲覀儊硗砹恕?/p>
As it froze hard that night there was ice everywhere next day.
因?yàn)槟翘焱砩侠涞脜柡Γ缘诙斓教幎际潜?/p>
As the soup was very salty we were thirsty afterwards.
因?yàn)檫@湯很咸，后來我們渴得厲害。
C 這種組合也可用so連接兩個(gè)主句的形式來表示：
It was too dark to go on，so we camped there.
天太黑了，不能繼續(xù)往前走了，所以我們就在那兒露宿了。
You are here，so you may as well give me a hand.
你們既然在這兒，不如就幫我一下。
It froze hard that night，so there was ice everywhere next day.
那天夜里冷得厲害，所以第二天到處都是冰。
也可以使用therefore，但只限用于非常正式的句子中：
The Finnish delegate has not yet arrived.We are therefore postponing/ We have therefore decided to postpone/Therefore we are postponing the meeting.
芬蘭代表還沒有到達(dá)。我們因此要把會(huì)議推遲/因此我們已決定把會(huì)議推遲/因此我們要把會(huì)議推遲。(注意therefore可以放在幾個(gè)不同的位置。)
