高考英語寫作提高的關鍵：善用句型語法和詞匯
很多考生在面對高考英語作文部分時往往覺得無從下手，只能機械地寫出幾個連自己都覺得太平淡的簡單句因此造成較多失分。其原因很明顯：首先，在聽說讀寫四項技能中，寫作無疑是難度最大的一項。其次，大家平時最容易忽視的，最缺乏練習的就是寫作。
然而，高考寫作是有規律可循的。通過恰當的練習，考生們完全可以在較短的時間內取得較大的提高。
高考作文采用總體評分方式，評分標準集中在四個方面：
1.覆蓋所有內容要點；
2.應用了較多的語法結構和詞匯；
3.在使用復雜結構或高級詞匯時允許有些許錯誤；
4.有效地使用了語句間的連接成分，全文結構緊湊。
大部分考生在句型詞匯及句子連接方面達不到要求，導致低分。本文以2001年考題為例，談一談如何運用較復雜的句型語法結構和詞匯。
2001年考題：
假設你是李華,你的澳大利亞朋友Dick聽說中國的中小學正在減輕學生的學習負擔, 來信詢問有關情況。請你根據下表提供的信息，寫一封回信，談一談減負給你的學習和生活帶來的變化。
周末活動 （減負前） 周末活動：（減負后）
白天： 上課，做作業 白天： 餐館博物館，學習電腦，繪畫
晚上： 做作業 晚上： 看資訊，讀書，看報
就寢時間： 11：30 就寢時間： 10：00
注意：
1．詞數為100左右
2．開頭已為你寫好
3．生詞： 減輕學習負擔reduce learning load
Dear Dick，
How nice to hear from you again.
當年大部分考生只是對圖表進行了簡單的翻譯，導致文章異常單調、重復，分數很不理想。如何才能在簡單的內容上運用較復雜的句型詞匯呢？考生在寫減負前的情況時只會簡單地寫: I always had classes and did homework in the daytime and did homework at night. I often went to bed at 11:30. 這無異于簡單機械地翻譯中文！得分可想而知！
其實考生完全可以使用學過的比較復雜的句型語法結構。例如我們可以使用tooto句型：I was too busy having classes and doing homework at weekends to go to bed before 11:30. 我們也可以使用定語從句: I used to spend whole weekends attending classes and doing homework, which often kept me up until 11:30 at night. 我們還可以使用倒裝句：Not until 11:30 PM could I go to bed because I had to finish my homework after having lessons by day. 或者：So busy was I attending classes and doing homework that I could not go to sleep before 11:30 at night. 我們甚至還可以使用擬人手法：Weekends used to find me attending school and doing homework.
由此讀者可以看出：高分和低分的作文的區別主要體現在語言形式方面。故考生努力的方向就應該是有意識地，恰當地使用比較復雜的句型語法和詞匯。讀者應先培養這種意識，然后進行大量練習。下面的練習重點訓練的就是句型詞匯和有效連接，請讀者不要進行簡單的翻譯，而是通讀上下文，盡量多地使用復雜多樣的句型詞匯。
根據2001年考題填空。
Dear Dick,
How nice to hear from you again.
1.過去______________, I used to have classes all day and do homework at night. And I didnt go to bed until 11:30.
2.連接詞______________, nowadays, I have more time做我想做的_______________________________________________________________.
周末變得更加豐富多彩了_________________________________________________________________.
3.白天___________________________, I often visit museums or 學電腦及繪畫____________________________________________________.
使用擬人句_________________________________________________________________.
4.In the evening,使用eitheror句型_________________________________________________________________.
5.而且________________________________________________, I go to bed/sleep earlier than beforeat ten oclock.
6.發揮一句I hope __________________________________________________________________.
參考答案：
1．過去In the past , I used to have classes all day and do homework at night. And I didnt go to bed until 11:30.
2．連接詞Fortunately/ However, nowadays, I have more time 做我想做的to do what I desire/like/ choose/ want/ prefer/am fond of .周末更加豐富多彩了the weekends have become more interesting/fun/ less tiring/ no longer study-centered/ exam-oriented .
3．白天In the daytime/ during the day, I often visit museums or 學電腦及繪畫learn computer and drawing/go to computer and drawing lessons.
使用擬人句 Daytime finds me visiting museums or learning computer and drawing.
4.In the evening, 使用eitheror句型I can either watch news reports or read newspapers and books.
5.而且What is more/In addition/ Besides/ More importantly, I go to bed/sleep earlier than beforeat ten oclock.
6.發揮一句I hope things wont have to change in the future/ can become even better/ the learning load could be further reduced. I hope you are also enjoying pleasant weekends now.
很多考生在面對高考英語作文部分時往往覺得無從下手，只能機械地寫出幾個連自己都覺得太平淡的簡單句因此造成較多失分。其原因很明顯：首先，在聽說讀寫四項技能中，寫作無疑是難度最大的一項。其次，大家平時最容易忽視的，最缺乏練習的就是寫作。
然而，高考寫作是有規律可循的。通過恰當的練習，考生們完全可以在較短的時間內取得較大的提高。
高考作文采用總體評分方式，評分標準集中在四個方面：
1.覆蓋所有內容要點；
2.應用了較多的語法結構和詞匯；
3.在使用復雜結構或高級詞匯時允許有些許錯誤；
4.有效地使用了語句間的連接成分，全文結構緊湊。
大部分考生在句型詞匯及句子連接方面達不到要求，導致低分。本文以2001年考題為例，談一談如何運用較復雜的句型語法結構和詞匯。
2001年考題：
假設你是李華,你的澳大利亞朋友Dick聽說中國的中小學正在減輕學生的學習負擔, 來信詢問有關情況。請你根據下表提供的信息，寫一封回信，談一談減負給你的學習和生活帶來的變化。
周末活動 （減負前） 周末活動：（減負后）
白天： 上課，做作業 白天： 餐館博物館，學習電腦，繪畫
晚上： 做作業 晚上： 看資訊，讀書，看報
就寢時間： 11：30 就寢時間： 10：00
注意：
1．詞數為100左右
2．開頭已為你寫好
3．生詞： 減輕學習負擔reduce learning load
Dear Dick，
How nice to hear from you again.
當年大部分考生只是對圖表進行了簡單的翻譯，導致文章異常單調、重復，分數很不理想。如何才能在簡單的內容上運用較復雜的句型詞匯呢？考生在寫減負前的情況時只會簡單地寫: I always had classes and did homework in the daytime and did homework at night. I often went to bed at 11:30. 這無異于簡單機械地翻譯中文！得分可想而知！
其實考生完全可以使用學過的比較復雜的句型語法結構。例如我們可以使用tooto句型：I was too busy having classes and doing homework at weekends to go to bed before 11:30. 我們也可以使用定語從句: I used to spend whole weekends attending classes and doing homework, which often kept me up until 11:30 at night. 我們還可以使用倒裝句：Not until 11:30 PM could I go to bed because I had to finish my homework after having lessons by day. 或者：So busy was I attending classes and doing homework that I could not go to sleep before 11:30 at night. 我們甚至還可以使用擬人手法：Weekends used to find me attending school and doing homework.
由此讀者可以看出：高分和低分的作文的區別主要體現在語言形式方面。故考生努力的方向就應該是有意識地，恰當地使用比較復雜的句型語法和詞匯。讀者應先培養這種意識，然后進行大量練習。下面的練習重點訓練的就是句型詞匯和有效連接，請讀者不要進行簡單的翻譯，而是通讀上下文，盡量多地使用復雜多樣的句型詞匯。
根據2001年考題填空。
Dear Dick,
How nice to hear from you again.
1.過去______________, I used to have classes all day and do homework at night. And I didnt go to bed until 11:30.
2.連接詞______________, nowadays, I have more time做我想做的_______________________________________________________________.
周末變得更加豐富多彩了_________________________________________________________________.
3.白天___________________________, I often visit museums or 學電腦及繪畫____________________________________________________.
使用擬人句_________________________________________________________________.
4.In the evening,使用eitheror句型_________________________________________________________________.
5.而且________________________________________________, I go to bed/sleep earlier than beforeat ten oclock.
6.發揮一句I hope __________________________________________________________________.
參考答案：
1．過去In the past , I used to have classes all day and do homework at night. And I didnt go to bed until 11:30.
2．連接詞Fortunately/ However, nowadays, I have more time 做我想做的to do what I desire/like/ choose/ want/ prefer/am fond of .周末更加豐富多彩了the weekends have become more interesting/fun/ less tiring/ no longer study-centered/ exam-oriented .
3．白天In the daytime/ during the day, I often visit museums or 學電腦及繪畫learn computer and drawing/go to computer and drawing lessons.
使用擬人句 Daytime finds me visiting museums or learning computer and drawing.
4.In the evening, 使用eitheror句型I can either watch news reports or read newspapers and books.
5.而且What is more/In addition/ Besides/ More importantly, I go to bed/sleep earlier than beforeat ten oclock.
6.發揮一句I hope things wont have to change in the future/ can become even better/ the learning load could be further reduced. I hope you are also enjoying pleasant weekends now.
