基礎英語輕松學【102】你知道“萬圣節(jié)”的由來嗎？
本課您將學到：in exchange for（作為的交換）句型，不可小看的冠詞
Halloween（萬圣節(jié)） was called Samhain by the Irish. Samhain took place on October 31 through to November 1. During this period（時期）, it was believed that the boundaries（分界線） between our world and the world of the dead were weakened（減少）, allowing spirits（靈魂） of the recently dead to cross over（跨過） and possess（擁有） the living.
To celebrate the festival, the Irish would dress up in bizarre（奇異的） costumes and parade（游行） through their villages，causing destruction（破壞） and saying Trick-or-Treat, in-groups scare（嚇唬） off any recently departed（往昔的） souls who might be prowling（四處尋覓） for bodies to inhabit（居住于）. Irish immigrants brought several customs with them, including one of the symbols（標志） most commonly associated with Halloween the Jack Lantern. （燈籠）
According to Irish folklore（傳說）, there once lived a man named Jack who was known for being a drunk and a prankster（愛惡作劇的人）. One night Jack tricked（哄騙） the devils（魔鬼） into climbing a tree, and quickly carved（刻） an image of a cross（十字架） on the trunk（樹干）, trapping（捉?。?the devil. Jack then made him promise that, in exchange for letting him out of the tree, the Devil would never tempt（引誘） him to sin again. He reluctantly（勉強地） agreed, but was able to exact his revenge upon（報仇） Jacks death. Because of his mischievous（調皮的） ways in life, Jack was barred（被堵塞的） from entering heaven and because of his earlier trick, he was also barred from hell. So he was doomed（注定） to wander the earth until the end of time, with only a Jack Lanterns to warm him.
「讀書筆記」
愛爾蘭人管萬圣節(jié)叫Samhain，每年的10月31日到11月1日，人們都慶祝這個節(jié)日。人們相信萬圣節(jié)這天,陰陽的界限會淡去，（that the boundaries between our world and the world of the dead were weakened）新近去世的鬼（spirits of the recently dead）會還魂，附在活人的身上。（possess the living）
節(jié)日里，村民們就自己扮成鬼魂精靈，（dress up in bizarre costumes）游走村外，（parade through their villages）到處搗亂，（causing destruction）嘴里說著Trick-or-Treat（接受我的惡作劇還是給我糖果），成群結隊，嚇唬（scare off any recently departed souls）在黑暗中尋找活人的鬼魂。（who might be prowling for bodies to inhabit）愛爾蘭移民將節(jié)日的各種風俗傳遍各地，其中包括人們都知道的萬圣節(jié)標志（one of the symbols most commonly associated with Halloween）杰克燈籠。
杰克燈籠起源于愛爾蘭的一個傳說。傳說，愛爾蘭曾經(jīng)有一個名叫杰克的愛惡作劇的酒鬼。（who was known for being a drunk and a prankster）一天晚上，他把一個魔鬼騙上樹，然后在樹干上刻了個十字架，（quickly carved an image of a cross）讓魔鬼下不來。后來魔鬼不得不保證，以后再也不會引誘杰克去做壞事，（would never tempt him to sin again）杰克這才讓它下來。杰克死后，魔鬼報復了，（was able to exact his revenge upon Jacks death）它讓杰克上天不得入地無門，（Jack was barred from entering heaven and because of his earlier trick, he was also barred from hell）只能在陽間滿無目的流浪，手里只有一盞燈籠取暖。
「句型留言板」
今天的句型是in exchange for作為的交換
比如下面這個大學生，就和同學作了一次小交易：
What would you give me in exchange for my recorder?
我把我的錄音機給你,那你用什么作為交換呢?
東西可以交易，知識可不可以呢？看看下面這個人的做法吧：
She is giving me piano lessons in exchange for（交換） her English classes.
我教她英語，她教我彈鋼琴。
「語法小教室」
下面兩句話中的take place，意思一樣嗎？
When did this conversation take place?
會談什么時候舉行？
Electric train has now taken the place of steam trains in England.
在英國電力火車已經(jīng)取代了蒸汽火車。
如果讀懂了上面的句子，大家一定會發(fā)現(xiàn)，這take place和take the place差別可是很大的呢！take place 意思是發(fā)生；舉行，而take the place則是代替；接替的意思。差哪呢？對了，就差一個the！
英語中有不少詞組，從形式看好象只有冠詞之差，而實際上卻是意義完全不同的新詞組。今天的語法小教室，就給大家列舉幾個常用的例子：
in front of 在（外）的前面
in the front of 在（內）的前面
Theres a garden in front of the classroom.
教室前面是一個花園。
Theres a blackboard in the front of the classroom.
教室的前面有一塊黑板。
in charge of 掌管；負責
in the charge of 在負責之下
An experienced worker is in charge of the project.
在這項計劃中，需要一名經(jīng)驗豐富的員工。
The project is in the charge of an experienced worker.
這相計劃由一位資深的員工負責。
by day 白天；日間
by the day 按日計
He works in an office by day.
他白天在辦公室工作。
Cleaning women in big cities get paid by the day.
大城市中的清潔工按日取籌。
好了，一口氣說了這么多，我要歇歇了。其實，英語中像這樣的情況還有很多，請大家在閱讀和使用時多多留心，有新的發(fā)現(xiàn)，記得告訴我們哦！我們下次再見吧！
本課您將學到：in exchange for（作為的交換）句型，不可小看的冠詞
Halloween（萬圣節(jié)） was called Samhain by the Irish. Samhain took place on October 31 through to November 1. During this period（時期）, it was believed that the boundaries（分界線） between our world and the world of the dead were weakened（減少）, allowing spirits（靈魂） of the recently dead to cross over（跨過） and possess（擁有） the living.
To celebrate the festival, the Irish would dress up in bizarre（奇異的） costumes and parade（游行） through their villages，causing destruction（破壞） and saying Trick-or-Treat, in-groups scare（嚇唬） off any recently departed（往昔的） souls who might be prowling（四處尋覓） for bodies to inhabit（居住于）. Irish immigrants brought several customs with them, including one of the symbols（標志） most commonly associated with Halloween the Jack Lantern. （燈籠）
According to Irish folklore（傳說）, there once lived a man named Jack who was known for being a drunk and a prankster（愛惡作劇的人）. One night Jack tricked（哄騙） the devils（魔鬼） into climbing a tree, and quickly carved（刻） an image of a cross（十字架） on the trunk（樹干）, trapping（捉?。?the devil. Jack then made him promise that, in exchange for letting him out of the tree, the Devil would never tempt（引誘） him to sin again. He reluctantly（勉強地） agreed, but was able to exact his revenge upon（報仇） Jacks death. Because of his mischievous（調皮的） ways in life, Jack was barred（被堵塞的） from entering heaven and because of his earlier trick, he was also barred from hell. So he was doomed（注定） to wander the earth until the end of time, with only a Jack Lanterns to warm him.
「讀書筆記」
愛爾蘭人管萬圣節(jié)叫Samhain，每年的10月31日到11月1日，人們都慶祝這個節(jié)日。人們相信萬圣節(jié)這天,陰陽的界限會淡去，（that the boundaries between our world and the world of the dead were weakened）新近去世的鬼（spirits of the recently dead）會還魂，附在活人的身上。（possess the living）
節(jié)日里，村民們就自己扮成鬼魂精靈，（dress up in bizarre costumes）游走村外，（parade through their villages）到處搗亂，（causing destruction）嘴里說著Trick-or-Treat（接受我的惡作劇還是給我糖果），成群結隊，嚇唬（scare off any recently departed souls）在黑暗中尋找活人的鬼魂。（who might be prowling for bodies to inhabit）愛爾蘭移民將節(jié)日的各種風俗傳遍各地，其中包括人們都知道的萬圣節(jié)標志（one of the symbols most commonly associated with Halloween）杰克燈籠。
杰克燈籠起源于愛爾蘭的一個傳說。傳說，愛爾蘭曾經(jīng)有一個名叫杰克的愛惡作劇的酒鬼。（who was known for being a drunk and a prankster）一天晚上，他把一個魔鬼騙上樹，然后在樹干上刻了個十字架，（quickly carved an image of a cross）讓魔鬼下不來。后來魔鬼不得不保證，以后再也不會引誘杰克去做壞事，（would never tempt him to sin again）杰克這才讓它下來。杰克死后，魔鬼報復了，（was able to exact his revenge upon Jacks death）它讓杰克上天不得入地無門，（Jack was barred from entering heaven and because of his earlier trick, he was also barred from hell）只能在陽間滿無目的流浪，手里只有一盞燈籠取暖。
「句型留言板」
今天的句型是in exchange for作為的交換
比如下面這個大學生，就和同學作了一次小交易：
What would you give me in exchange for my recorder?
我把我的錄音機給你,那你用什么作為交換呢?
東西可以交易，知識可不可以呢？看看下面這個人的做法吧：
She is giving me piano lessons in exchange for（交換） her English classes.
我教她英語，她教我彈鋼琴。
「語法小教室」
下面兩句話中的take place，意思一樣嗎？
When did this conversation take place?
會談什么時候舉行？
Electric train has now taken the place of steam trains in England.
在英國電力火車已經(jīng)取代了蒸汽火車。
如果讀懂了上面的句子，大家一定會發(fā)現(xiàn)，這take place和take the place差別可是很大的呢！take place 意思是發(fā)生；舉行，而take the place則是代替；接替的意思。差哪呢？對了，就差一個the！
英語中有不少詞組，從形式看好象只有冠詞之差，而實際上卻是意義完全不同的新詞組。今天的語法小教室，就給大家列舉幾個常用的例子：
in front of 在（外）的前面
in the front of 在（內）的前面
Theres a garden in front of the classroom.
教室前面是一個花園。
Theres a blackboard in the front of the classroom.
教室的前面有一塊黑板。
in charge of 掌管；負責
in the charge of 在負責之下
An experienced worker is in charge of the project.
在這項計劃中，需要一名經(jīng)驗豐富的員工。
The project is in the charge of an experienced worker.
這相計劃由一位資深的員工負責。
by day 白天；日間
by the day 按日計
He works in an office by day.
他白天在辦公室工作。
Cleaning women in big cities get paid by the day.
大城市中的清潔工按日取籌。
好了，一口氣說了這么多，我要歇歇了。其實，英語中像這樣的情況還有很多，請大家在閱讀和使用時多多留心，有新的發(fā)現(xiàn)，記得告訴我們哦！我們下次再見吧！
