Reform on the Road

　　Will the reform on the use of government cars really reduce office expenditure 1 this count? There are no reports 2 such an outcome although some local governments have moved in that direction.

　　Hangzhou government 3 its reform last month. Officials below the level of deputy bureau chief cannot use official trips for business trips.

　　Instead they get subsidies between 300 and 2,600 yuan a month according to their administrative rank. This reform is supposed to save the government the money involving in 4 a large number of cars.

　　Hangzhou in east China Zhejiang province is not the first to attempt 5 reform. Nanjing, capital of the neighboring Jiangsu province, did so five years ago, yet there is no report available of how much money the Nanjing government has saved 6 these measures. All that we know about is the fact 7 government officials get monthly subsidies for business.

　　The public have a fight to 8 for transparency on the results of such reform 9 it is taxpayers money that is being spent. Transparency is needed because people are 10 about policy-makers making policy against their own interests.

　　Obviously, the subsidies are not based on work needs. Lower level officials usually travel 11 than high-ranking officials. Therefore, the impact of reform appears to be diluted.

　　Transparency alone can tell us 12 the reform measures have indeed reduced government transport expenditure. If there is no disclosure of amounts saved by the reform, the public may have reason to suspect that the reform is actually a poly 13 the income of officials in the form of a transport subsidy.

　　The way government cars are used needs to be reformed. The government spending on purchase of cars was 80 billion yuan in 2008, and use and maintenance amounts to around 300 billion yuan a year.

　　A study of ancient Chinese dynasties shows that the more reforms of the tax system, the heavier the taxes eventually 14 on subjects.

　　The only way to prevent this vicious cycles from happening with government car reform today is for the higher authorities to have a strict and 15 audit of local finance.

　　詞匯

　　transparency n. 透明度disclosure n.透露，公開

　　vicious a. 循環論證的ploy n.計策，手段

　　練習

　　1. A) on B) in C) about D) to

　　2. A) indicates B) indicating C) indicated D) indicate

　　3. A) completed B) terminated C) launched D) finished

　　4. A) maintaining B) maintained C) maintenance D) maintain

　　5. A) such a B) as such C) such that D) such

　　6. A) by B) on C) through D) in

　　7. A) which B) whether C) in which D) that

　　8. A) providing B) offering C) supplying D) asking

　　9. A) because B) therefore C) because of D) thus

　　10. A) satisfied B) pleased C) skeptical D) confused

　　11, A) less B) more C) faster D) farther

　　12. A) how B) which C) that D) whether

　　13. A) increased B) to be increased C) to increase D) increase

　　14. A) levied B) taken C) consumed D) removed

　　15. A) opaque B) transparent C) obscure D) ambiguous

　　答案及題解

　　1. A on this account 或者on that account 的意思是為了這個緣故或者為了那個緣故，是固定搭配。

　　2. B indicating such an outcome 這個短語作為名詞report 的定語出現，說明這個report 是什么樣的，所以要用的不是謂語動詞，而是一個作定語的分詞，在indicating 和indicated 中應該選擇主動語態的indicating。

　　3.C 從上下文的語境中我們可以看出，杭州政府啟動了一項改革，從意義上來看，只有launch 符合要求，其他選項都是表示結束的意思。在這里，launch 表示開始，啟動的意思

　　4. A involve in 后面應該跟動名詞或者名詞，C 選項中的maintenance 雖然是名詞形式，但后面應該加of，所以只有A 是合適的選項。

　　5. A such 用作前置限定詞時，其后通常跟a 及單數可數名詞，表示這樣的、這種的、此類的。Such that 表示如此以致。

　　6. A 介詞by 表示通過某種方式，by these measures 是表示通過這些措施的意思。

　　7. D 引導同位語從句時用關系連詞that。在本句中，that 引導的同位語從句具體解釋了fact 的內容。

　　8. D ask for 有索求的意義，在這個句子中比較合適。其他選項provide，offer 和supply 都有給予的意義，用在這一語境中不成立。

　　9. A 兩個小句之間是因果關系，because 引導的小句表示的是原因，而therefore 和thus都只能引導表示結果的小旬：because of 后面只能是名詞或者名詞性質的短語。

　　10.C 這句話說的是納稅人因為擔心決策者做出有悖于他們利益的事而要求政策制定有透明度。satisfied 表示滿意的，不符合原句意義上的要求，由于同樣的原因，pleased指高興的，以及confused疑惑的也不符合。

　　11.B 根據語境，作者的意思是低級的公務員比高級公務員出差更多，因此補貼辦法是不合理的。

　　12.D whether 引導表示是否的賓語從句，that 引導表示陳述句的賓語從句。

　　13.C 不定式to increase 表示目的，這項改革只是官員用車補的形式提高自己收入的一種手段。

　　14.A levy 在這里是征稅的意思。

　　15.B 原意是嚴格而透明的監管，因此不透明的、模糊的、模棱兩可的都不符合要求。

　　Reform on the Road

　　Will the reform on the use of government cars really reduce office expenditure 1 this count? There are no reports 2 such an outcome although some local governments have moved in that direction.

　　Hangzhou government 3 its reform last month. Officials below the level of deputy bureau chief cannot use official trips for business trips.

　　Instead they get subsidies between 300 and 2,600 yuan a month according to their administrative rank. This reform is supposed to save the government the money involving in 4 a large number of cars.

　　Hangzhou in east China Zhejiang province is not the first to attempt 5 reform. Nanjing, capital of the neighboring Jiangsu province, did so five years ago, yet there is no report available of how much money the Nanjing government has saved 6 these measures. All that we know about is the fact 7 government officials get monthly subsidies for business.

　　The public have a fight to 8 for transparency on the results of such reform 9 it is taxpayers money that is being spent. Transparency is needed because people are 10 about policy-makers making policy against their own interests.

　　Obviously, the subsidies are not based on work needs. Lower level officials usually travel 11 than high-ranking officials. Therefore, the impact of reform appears to be diluted.

　　Transparency alone can tell us 12 the reform measures have indeed reduced government transport expenditure. If there is no disclosure of amounts saved by the reform, the public may have reason to suspect that the reform is actually a poly 13 the income of officials in the form of a transport subsidy.

　　The way government cars are used needs to be reformed. The government spending on purchase of cars was 80 billion yuan in 2008, and use and maintenance amounts to around 300 billion yuan a year.

　　A study of ancient Chinese dynasties shows that the more reforms of the tax system, the heavier the taxes eventually 14 on subjects.

　　The only way to prevent this vicious cycles from happening with government car reform today is for the higher authorities to have a strict and 15 audit of local finance.

　　詞匯

　　transparency n. 透明度disclosure n.透露，公開

　　vicious a. 循環論證的ploy n.計策，手段

　　練習

　　1. A) on B) in C) about D) to

　　2. A) indicates B) indicating C) indicated D) indicate

　　3. A) completed B) terminated C) launched D) finished

　　4. A) maintaining B) maintained C) maintenance D) maintain

　　5. A) such a B) as such C) such that D) such

　　6. A) by B) on C) through D) in

　　7. A) which B) whether C) in which D) that

　　8. A) providing B) offering C) supplying D) asking

　　9. A) because B) therefore C) because of D) thus

　　10. A) satisfied B) pleased C) skeptical D) confused

　　11, A) less B) more C) faster D) farther

　　12. A) how B) which C) that D) whether

　　13. A) increased B) to be increased C) to increase D) increase

　　14. A) levied B) taken C) consumed D) removed

　　15. A) opaque B) transparent C) obscure D) ambiguous

　　答案及題解

　　1. A on this account 或者on that account 的意思是為了這個緣故或者為了那個緣故，是固定搭配。

　　2. B indicating such an outcome 這個短語作為名詞report 的定語出現，說明這個report 是什么樣的，所以要用的不是謂語動詞，而是一個作定語的分詞，在indicating 和indicated 中應該選擇主動語態的indicating。

　　3.C 從上下文的語境中我們可以看出，杭州政府啟動了一項改革，從意義上來看，只有launch 符合要求，其他選項都是表示結束的意思。在這里，launch 表示開始，啟動的意思

　　4. A involve in 后面應該跟動名詞或者名詞，C 選項中的maintenance 雖然是名詞形式，但后面應該加of，所以只有A 是合適的選項。

　　5. A such 用作前置限定詞時，其后通常跟a 及單數可數名詞，表示這樣的、這種的、此類的。Such that 表示如此以致。

　　6. A 介詞by 表示通過某種方式，by these measures 是表示通過這些措施的意思。

　　7. D 引導同位語從句時用關系連詞that。在本句中，that 引導的同位語從句具體解釋了fact 的內容。

　　8. D ask for 有索求的意義，在這個句子中比較合適。其他選項provide，offer 和supply 都有給予的意義，用在這一語境中不成立。

　　9. A 兩個小句之間是因果關系，because 引導的小句表示的是原因，而therefore 和thus都只能引導表示結果的小旬：because of 后面只能是名詞或者名詞性質的短語。

　　10.C 這句話說的是納稅人因為擔心決策者做出有悖于他們利益的事而要求政策制定有透明度。satisfied 表示滿意的，不符合原句意義上的要求，由于同樣的原因，pleased指高興的，以及confused疑惑的也不符合。

　　11.B 根據語境，作者的意思是低級的公務員比高級公務員出差更多，因此補貼辦法是不合理的。

　　12.D whether 引導表示是否的賓語從句，that 引導表示陳述句的賓語從句。

　　13.C 不定式to increase 表示目的，這項改革只是官員用車補的形式提高自己收入的一種手段。

　　14.A levy 在這里是征稅的意思。

　　15.B 原意是嚴格而透明的監管，因此不透明的、模糊的、模棱兩可的都不符合要求。