78. Traffic control systems and methods of construction developed under the interstate program soon influenced highway construction around the world, and were invaluable in improving the condition of urban streets and traffic patterns.

　　【分析】本句為簡(jiǎn)單句。句子主干為 system and methods influenced construction and were invaluable。第二個(gè)and連接兩個(gè)并列謂語(yǔ)。developed under the interstate program 是過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)作后置定語(yǔ)，修飾 systems和methods。

　　【譯文】在州際公路項(xiàng)目下發(fā)展的交通控制系統(tǒng)以及建筑方式很快影響到了世界范圍公路的建設(shè)，并為改善城市街道和交通模式起到了重要作用。

　　79. By opening the North American continent, highways have enabled consumer goods and services to reach people in remote and rural areas of the country, spurred the growth of suburbs, and provided people with greater options in terms of jobs, access to cultural programs, health care, and other benefits.

　　【分析】本句為簡(jiǎn)單句。句子主干為highways have enabled to reach people, spurred the growth, and provided people with options。By opening the North American continent 是方式狀語(yǔ)。

　　【譯文】通過(guò)開通北美洲路線，公路使得消費(fèi)品和服務(wù)能夠到達(dá)住在邊遠(yuǎn)地區(qū)和農(nóng)村地區(qū)的人們那里，刺激周邊地區(qū)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展，為人們提供更多選擇，如工作、文化活動(dòng)、保健及其他福利。

　　80. The technological advances made it possible for the middle classes to enjoy what had once been affordable only to the very rich.

　　【分析】本句為復(fù)合句。句子主干為technological advances made it possible to enjoy 。it作形式賓語(yǔ)，真正的賓語(yǔ)是to enjoy what had once been affordable only to the very rich。what 引導(dǎo)的從句作enjoy的賓語(yǔ)。possible 是made的賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。

　　【譯文】技術(shù)上的進(jìn)步使中產(chǎn)階級(jí)也能享受到那些原來(lái)只有有錢人才負(fù)擔(dān)得起的東西。

　　81. The clock, called Sleep Smart, measures your sleep cycle, and waits for you to be in your lightest phase of sleep before rousing you.

　　【分析】本句為簡(jiǎn)單句。句子主干為 The clock measures cycle and waits，兩個(gè)謂語(yǔ)并列平行。called Sleep Smart 是過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)作定語(yǔ)，修飾 clock, 表示被動(dòng)。現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ) before rousing you 作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，相當(dāng)于一個(gè)從句：before it rouses you。

　　【譯文】這種稱做 睡精靈 的鬧鐘可以測(cè)量睡眠周期，等待人們進(jìn)入淺眠狀態(tài)后才將其喚醒。

　　78. Traffic control systems and methods of construction developed under the interstate program soon influenced highway construction around the world, and were invaluable in improving the condition of urban streets and traffic patterns.

　　【分析】本句為簡(jiǎn)單句。句子主干為 system and methods influenced construction and were invaluable。第二個(gè)and連接兩個(gè)并列謂語(yǔ)。developed under the interstate program 是過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)作后置定語(yǔ)，修飾 systems和methods。

　　【譯文】在州際公路項(xiàng)目下發(fā)展的交通控制系統(tǒng)以及建筑方式很快影響到了世界范圍公路的建設(shè)，并為改善城市街道和交通模式起到了重要作用。

　　79. By opening the North American continent, highways have enabled consumer goods and services to reach people in remote and rural areas of the country, spurred the growth of suburbs, and provided people with greater options in terms of jobs, access to cultural programs, health care, and other benefits.

　　【分析】本句為簡(jiǎn)單句。句子主干為highways have enabled to reach people, spurred the growth, and provided people with options。By opening the North American continent 是方式狀語(yǔ)。

　　【譯文】通過(guò)開通北美洲路線，公路使得消費(fèi)品和服務(wù)能夠到達(dá)住在邊遠(yuǎn)地區(qū)和農(nóng)村地區(qū)的人們那里，刺激周邊地區(qū)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展，為人們提供更多選擇，如工作、文化活動(dòng)、保健及其他福利。

　　80. The technological advances made it possible for the middle classes to enjoy what had once been affordable only to the very rich.

　　【分析】本句為復(fù)合句。句子主干為technological advances made it possible to enjoy 。it作形式賓語(yǔ)，真正的賓語(yǔ)是to enjoy what had once been affordable only to the very rich。what 引導(dǎo)的從句作enjoy的賓語(yǔ)。possible 是made的賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。

　　【譯文】技術(shù)上的進(jìn)步使中產(chǎn)階級(jí)也能享受到那些原來(lái)只有有錢人才負(fù)擔(dān)得起的東西。

　　81. The clock, called Sleep Smart, measures your sleep cycle, and waits for you to be in your lightest phase of sleep before rousing you.

　　【分析】本句為簡(jiǎn)單句。句子主干為 The clock measures cycle and waits，兩個(gè)謂語(yǔ)并列平行。called Sleep Smart 是過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)作定語(yǔ)，修飾 clock, 表示被動(dòng)。現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ) before rousing you 作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，相當(dāng)于一個(gè)從句：before it rouses you。

　　【譯文】這種稱做 睡精靈 的鬧鐘可以測(cè)量睡眠周期，等待人們進(jìn)入淺眠狀態(tài)后才將其喚醒。