名師英語四級翻譯備考課堂筆記:
1. It is time ________________ .
2. In the sports meeting, _______________ .
3. _________________ ,they enjoy true happiness.
4.The teacher always told us that ________________.
5. Since the examination is around the corner,________________.
答案與解析:
1. the authorities concerned took proper steps to solve the traffic problems
本題考點有兩個。第一,考查 是......的時候了 的用法。翻譯成英語可以說:It is time to dosomething或It is time that sb. didsomething.本句采用的是后一種虛擬語氣句型。謂語部分要用過去時態。第二, 有關當局 應譯成the authoritiesconcerned。Concerned的意思是 有關的,有牽連的 ,常用于名詞后面,修飾該名詞。concerning的意思是 關于 ,通常不作后置定語。
2. he substituted for the injured player
替換某人 要用substitute for sb.,盡管漢語中只說 替換 ,翻譯時要補上介詞for,以符合英語的要求。 替換 還有displace,replace,swap,take theplace of,instead of等說法。這些表達之間有微妙的差別,考生要注意區分。substitute 代替;取代; 代替品Nothing can substitute for the advice the doctor is able to give you.substitute的用法是:substitute A for B,意為用A代替B;
replace 的用法是:replace A with B,意為用B代替A。
3. Despite the fact that the old couple leads a very plain life
Despite有 盡管 之意,看似連詞,實際上卻是介詞。相當于in spite of,一般后接名詞,如:Despite thebad weather we enjoyed ourholiday.原句需填入部分是一個單句,因此要用 despite the factthat... 結構。讓步狀語從句還可以用although引導,即:Although the old couple leads a veryplain life.
4. we should apply what we learned to the practical work
漢語里的 所學的東西 ,在英語里可以由關系代詞what引導的賓語從句來表達。由于漢語語言的表達方式與英語不一樣,初學者在翻譯此類句子時往往按照漢語的順序,一字不漏地譯出來,卻不會使用what從句來代替。請看下例:我經常在想上次見到你時你所說的話。如果把這句話譯成I often think about the words you said last time we met就會太生硬、羅嗦。應該譯成I often think about what you said last time we met. 本題 我們所學到的知識 可以譯成what we learned。本題的另外一個考點是: 將......運用于...... 可譯成apply...to...。
5. I am compelled to give up doing sports
around the corner不是指在拐角處,而是說某事即將來臨,這里可以翻譯成 迫在眉睫 。有的同學錯誤地將 不得不做某事 譯成decide to do sth.,這樣就無法準確傳遞出原文地感情色彩。由于考試迫在眉睫,所以 我 不得不放棄運動。這里是被迫 放棄 。而decide to do是主觀意志決定去做。 不得不 的說法在英文里有:have to,cannot but,cannot help but,cannot choose but,have no alternative but等。
1. It is time ________________ .
2. In the sports meeting, _______________ .
3. _________________ ,they enjoy true happiness.
4.The teacher always told us that ________________.
5. Since the examination is around the corner,________________.
答案與解析:
1. the authorities concerned took proper steps to solve the traffic problems
本題考點有兩個。第一,考查 是......的時候了 的用法。翻譯成英語可以說:It is time to dosomething或It is time that sb. didsomething.本句采用的是后一種虛擬語氣句型。謂語部分要用過去時態。第二, 有關當局 應譯成the authoritiesconcerned。Concerned的意思是 有關的,有牽連的 ,常用于名詞后面,修飾該名詞。concerning的意思是 關于 ,通常不作后置定語。
2. he substituted for the injured player
替換某人 要用substitute for sb.,盡管漢語中只說 替換 ,翻譯時要補上介詞for,以符合英語的要求。 替換 還有displace,replace,swap,take theplace of,instead of等說法。這些表達之間有微妙的差別,考生要注意區分。substitute 代替;取代; 代替品Nothing can substitute for the advice the doctor is able to give you.substitute的用法是:substitute A for B,意為用A代替B;
replace 的用法是:replace A with B,意為用B代替A。
3. Despite the fact that the old couple leads a very plain life
Despite有 盡管 之意,看似連詞,實際上卻是介詞。相當于in spite of,一般后接名詞,如:Despite thebad weather we enjoyed ourholiday.原句需填入部分是一個單句,因此要用 despite the factthat... 結構。讓步狀語從句還可以用although引導,即:Although the old couple leads a veryplain life.
4. we should apply what we learned to the practical work
漢語里的 所學的東西 ,在英語里可以由關系代詞what引導的賓語從句來表達。由于漢語語言的表達方式與英語不一樣,初學者在翻譯此類句子時往往按照漢語的順序,一字不漏地譯出來,卻不會使用what從句來代替。請看下例:我經常在想上次見到你時你所說的話。如果把這句話譯成I often think about the words you said last time we met就會太生硬、羅嗦。應該譯成I often think about what you said last time we met. 本題 我們所學到的知識 可以譯成what we learned。本題的另外一個考點是: 將......運用于...... 可譯成apply...to...。
5. I am compelled to give up doing sports
around the corner不是指在拐角處,而是說某事即將來臨,這里可以翻譯成 迫在眉睫 。有的同學錯誤地將 不得不做某事 譯成decide to do sth.,這樣就無法準確傳遞出原文地感情色彩。由于考試迫在眉睫,所以 我 不得不放棄運動。這里是被迫 放棄 。而decide to do是主觀意志決定去做。 不得不 的說法在英文里有:have to,cannot but,cannot help but,cannot choose but,have no alternative but等。