北京市2024高考英語（新人教版）一輪復習練習手冊（19）附詳細解析

　　課時作業(十九)　[必修4　Unit 4 Body language](限時：35分鐘)One day I hopped in a taxi and we__21__for the airport. We were driving in the right lane when __22__ a black car drove out of a parking space right in front of us. My taxi driver slammed on his brakes, skidded, and __23__ the other car by __24__ inches! The driver of the other car whipped his head around and started yelling at us.

　　My taxi driver just smiled and __25__ at the guy. And I mean，he was really__26__. So I asked, “Why did you just do that? This guy almost __27__ your car and sent us to the __28__!” This is when my taxi driver taught me __29__ I now call, “The Law of the Garbage Truck.”

　　He __30__ that many people are like garbage__31__. They run around full of garbage, full of frustration, full of anger, and full of __32__. As their garbage piles __33__, they need a place to __34__ it and sometimes they'll dump it on you. Don't take it personally. Just smile, wave, wish them well, and move on. Don't take their garbage and __35__ it to other people at work, at home, or on the streets.

　　The bottom line is that __36__ people do not let garbage trucks take over their day. Life's __37__ short to wake up in the morning with __38__. So....Love the people who treat you right. __39__ for the ones who don't. Life is ten percent what you make it and ninety percent __40__ you take it! 【“The Law of the Garbage Truck”】glanced

　　B. shouted C. nodded D. waved 21-25 CBACD

　　26-30 BDDAA

　　31-35BCDBC

　　36-40 CCBCD

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　　Ⅰ.單項填空________the experiment right，I tried again and succeeded.and ________．

　　A．I was nor

　　B．nor was I

　　C．I was either

　　D．either was I

　　3．—What do you mean by saying that?

　　—I think you ________ what I had said. I meant no harm.

　　A．understood

　　B．misunderstood________about things they are not supposed to know.

　　A．strange

　　B．amusing

　　C．curious

　　D．satisfied

　　5．[2024·山東卷] After completing and signing it, please return the form to us in the envelope

　　________.B. provided

　　C. having provided

　　D. provide

　　6．—“Dear Frank, when will our wedding be？”when? God knows.” He said, and ________ away from her, walked rapidly away.

　　A．turning

　　B．turned

　　C．turn

　　D．to turn

　　7．The kitchen is often the busiest room in a household, so it's important to make sure it ________well.

　　A．smoothes

　　B．functions

　　C．pays

　　D．measures

　　8．Jane's always nervous when she has to make a speech; she must accustom herself to be ________ when she is with people.

　　A．at ease

　　B．in disguise

　　C．at risk

　　D．in relief

　　9．People in these countries demand equal treatment for all，________religion or sex.

　　A．in defence of

　　B．regardless of

　　C．instead of

　　D．in support of

　　10．Although the couple didn't choose to sleep in the wild instead of in the hotel, it________unexpectedly beautiful.

　　A．turned up

　　B．turned out

　　C．turned down

　　D．turned around

　　11．The results of the sports meeting will be ________ on Sunday morning.

　　A．put away

　　B．put off

　　C．put up

　　D．put down

　　12．I guess we've already talked about this before but I'll ask you again just________．

　　A．by nature

　　B．in return________ to break out between the two countries.

　　A．likely

　　B．possibly

　　C．probably

　　D．gradually

　　14．Eric didn't feel at ________ ease in the party，because he was afraid of losing ________a

　　B．an; /

　　C．/; the

　　D．/; /________She is willing to play against any tough players.

　　A．I think so.

　　B．I'm not surprised.

　　C．Of course.

　　D．Not likely!

　　Ⅱ.閱讀理解increasing hopes of discovering evidence that billions of years ago the red planet hosted life.

　　The lake, which dates back some 3.4 billion years, appears to have covered as much as 80 square miles and was up to 1，500 feet deep, said the team from the University of Colorado.，” said Boulder's research associate, Gaetano Di Achille, in a study published in the latest edition of Geophysical Research Letters.which appears to have formed about 3.4 billion years ago.”

　　Analysis of the images has shown the water carved out the canyon(溪谷) in which it was found, which then opened out into a valley depositing(使淤積) sediment(沉積物) which formed a delta(三角洲)．ines is a great discovery to us”， said assistant professor Brian Hynek, adding it showed the lake existed at a time when Mars was thought to have been cold and dry.known as the Noachan epoch, about 4.1 billion to 3.7 billion years ago.

　　The newly discovered lake is believed to date from the Hesperian era and postdates the end of the warm and wet period on Mars by 300 million years, according to the study.

　　Scientists believe deltas next to the lake may well hold secrets about past life on Mars as such places on Earth have become the natural deposits of organic carbon and other markers of life.

　　16．The size of the lake found on Mars is ________．

　　A．80 square miles

　　B．1，500 square milesthe weather on Mars was ________．

　　A．hot and wet

　　B．wet and warm

　　C．cold and dry

　　D．cold and wet

　　18．Why do scientists think deltas near the lake may hold secrets about past life on Mars?

　　A．Because similar places on Earth have become natural deposits of markers of life.

　　B．Because someone has put secrets about past life on Mars there.

　　C．Because past life has been found in other deltas on Mars.

　　D．Because some people are said to have already seen life marks there.

　　19．Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the passage?

　　A．The Noachan epoch was a wet and warm era.

　　B．The lake might have existed 3.4 billion years.

　　C．The discovery can't fully prove that the Mars once hosted life.

　　D．The lake traces prove that there exists life on Mars now.

　　B

　　Yawning is so contagious(具有傳染性的) that chimpanzees can “catch” it from cartoons, according to research.

　　Scientists from Emory University in Atlanta，US, have discovered that a cartoon of a yawning chimp will stimulate(刺激) real chimps to yawn. They describe in the Royal Society journal，，how this could assist in the future study of empathy(同感，共鳴)．The work could also help explain if and how computer games might cause children to imitate what they see on screen.that，” explained Matthew Campbell，a researcher from Emory University's Yerkes National Primate Research Center and lead author of the study.“We're interested in using cartoons for presenting stimuli to animals, because we can control all the features of what we show them，” he continued.he explained that there was evidence that chimpanzees “process animated(動畫的) faces the same way they process photographs of faces”．“It's not a real chimpanzee，but it kind of looks like a chimpanzee, and they're responding to that.”including Devyn Carter who designed the cartoons, showed the animals the yawning sequences.

　　“We also had the cartoons doing other movements with their mouths that the chimps often do，” he said.“The chimps showed a lot more yawning during the yawn video than when the control videos were playing.” colleagues could explain the “very strong difference” they saw was that seeing the yawns was making the animals yawn.

　　20．According to the passage, the scientists have found that ________．

　　A．yawning is a contagious facial expression among chimps

　　B．chimps will imitate a cartoon chimp who is yawning

　　C．chimps are able to understand cartoons very well

　　D．chimps like watching cartoons very much

　　21．According to the passage we can learn that ________．

　　A．yawning on both cartoon videos and pictures can make chimps yawn

　　B．Devyn Carter led the study about contagious yawning

　　C．children will also be stimulated to yawn by the videos of chimps

　　D．people can control all the features of animals through cartoons

　　22．By studying the action of chimps, the scientists hope to ________．

　　A．teach them more body language of human beings

　　B．learn how chimps use their brains to study

　　C．control the actions and behaviors of animals

　　D．create more charming cartoon characters

　　23．The passage is mainly talking about ________．

　　A．a serious research about chimps' body language

　　B．those contagious gestures of animals

　　C．why children imitate what they see on TV

　　D．a study about chimps' ability of imitating

　　Ⅲ.短文填詞we say “Thank you”. We may say it many times a day. It seems that “Thank you” is very popular 24.a________ us Chinese students. 25.B________ is it as popular in the UK? The answer is “no”. According to a 26.________ ( 最近的)study in “Thank you” is only the 20th most popular way of 27.________ (表達) thanks in the UK. The study ________ that British people tend to say “Cheers” instead. For example, when friends invite 29.________ other for a drink after a basketball 30.________， a “Cheers” may be the best way to say “thanks”. “Cheers” also means “ganbei” in Chinese. You may often hear the word ________ between two good friends. Of 32.________， there are some formal ways to say “thanks” in the UK. For example, when a stranger is especially ________ (有幫助的), they may say “brilliant” or “much appreciated”．課時作業(十九)　考查非謂語動詞。此處是非謂語動詞作狀語。非謂語的否定式是在非謂語動詞前加not且其動作在謂語動詞動作之前已經發生，故用現在分詞的完成式，選A。　表示“某人也不……時”，應該用倒裝句型“neither/nor＋助動詞/系動詞/情態動詞＋主語”。　答語句意為：我想你誤解了我的話。我并無惡意。　考查形容詞辨析。strange奇怪的；amusing可笑的；curious好奇的；satisfied滿意的。be curious about對……好奇。句意：孩子們被警告不要對他們不應該知道的事太好奇。　考查非謂語動詞。句意：填完表格后，將其放入所提供的信封返回給我們。provide 與其所修飾的envelope是動賓關系，所以用過去分詞作后置定語，表示“被動和完成”。6．A　分析句子結構可知，and前后連接的是兩個接連發生的動作(“said” and “walked”)，因此考查的是非謂語動詞，故正確答案是A，現在分詞作伴隨狀語，表分詞動作(turning)伴隨主句動作(walked)發生。B項把原句and放在第二個逗號后，前后連接三個接連發生的動作，才可以選；C項從時態上可以排除；D項不定式表將來或目的，不合語境。　考查動詞辨析。function起……作用，發揮功能，運轉。句意：廚房通常是家里最忙碌的房間，因此確保它很好地smooth 使……順利，撫平； pay 付款； measure 測量。　考查介詞短語辨析。at ease輕松，自由自在。句意：簡做演講時總是很緊張；當與他人在一起時，她必須使自己輕松自在。in disguise 假裝； at risk 冒險； in relief 欣慰地。　考查介詞短語辨析。regardless of不管。句意：這些國家的人們要求平等待遇，不管種族、宗教或性別。　考查動詞短語辨析。turn out結果是。turn up出現；turn down 關小，拒絕；turn around 轉身。　考查動詞短語辨析。put up張貼，符合句意。句意：運動會的結果將在星期日上午張榜公布。 put away 收起來； put off 拖延； put down 放下，鎮壓。　考查介詞短語辨析。in case 以防，萬一。by nature 天生地；in return 作為回報；by chance 碰巧。句意：我認為我們以前已談論過這個話題，但是我將再問一下以防萬一。　根據問句中的broken down可知，這兩國間有可能發生武裝沖突。be likely to do sth 很可能會做某事。注意：四個選項中，只有likely是形容詞，在這里用作表語。　考查冠詞的用法。at ease(舒適、快活、自由自在)和lose face(丟臉)都是固定搭配，名詞前均不加冠詞。　考查交際用語。句意：“她會介意與她之前的隊友們對壘嗎？”“不會！她喜歡與任何強勁的選手比賽。”I think so.我想是這樣的。I'm not surprised.一點也不奇怪。Of course.當然。Not likely！(大概)不會！此處表示不介意，所以選擇D。本文記述了美國科學家對火星的探索情況。　細節理解題。根據第二段可知答案為A項。　細節理解題。根據第六段中…it showed the lake existed at a time when Mars was thought to have been cold and dry.可知答案為C。　細節理解題。由原文最后一句可直接得出答案。　推理判斷題。由第一段內容可知火星上湖岸線的發現只是增加了人們發現億萬年前火星上曾經存在生命證據的研究表明，黑猩猩會模仿動畫片中黑猩猩的打呵欠動作，如果能充分利用黑猩猩的這種模仿能力，人類對動物行為的控制將取得重大突破。　細節理解題。根據第二段第一句可知黑猩猩看到動畫片中打呵欠的黑猩猩時，會進行模仿。　細節理解題。根據第五段后半部分中的內容可知無論是動畫片中還是圖片中的打呵欠動作都可以讓黑猩猩打呵欠。　推理判斷題。黑猩猩看到動畫片中打呵欠的黑猩猩后會進行模仿，第四段的后半部分提到科學家可以控制所有的播放內容，由此可推斷科學家希望通過研究黑猩猩的模仿行為來控制動物的行為和舉止。　主旨大意題。本文是一篇研究報道，第一段是文章的中心段，根據該段內容可知文章是關于黑猩猩模仿能力的一項研究。　25.But　26.recent　27.expressing　29.each　30.game/match　31.spoken/said　33.helpful

　　課后閱讀----------The power of the press? 資訊報道的威力

　　?In democratic countries any efforts to restrict the freedom of the ress are rightly condemned. However, this freedom can easily be abused. Stories about people often attract far more public attention than political events. Though we may enjoy reading about the lives of others, it is extremely doubtful whether we would equally enjoy reading about ourselves. Acting on the contention that facts are sacred, reporters can cause untold suffering to individuals by publishing details about their private lives. Newspapers exert such tremendous influence that they can not only bring about major changes to the lives of ordinary people but can even overthrow a government.

　　The story of a poor family that acquired fame and fortune overnight, dramatically illustrates the power of the press. The family lived in Aberdeen, a small town of 23, 000 inhabitants in South Dakota. As the parents had five children, life was a perpetual struggle against poverty. They were expecting their sixth child and were faced with even more pressing economic problems. If they had only had one more child, the fact would have passed unnoticed. They would have continued to struggle against economic odds and would have lived in obscurity. But they suddenly became the parents of quintuplets, four girls and a boy, an event which radically changed their lives. The day after the birth of the five children, an aeroplane arrived in Aberdeen bringing sixty reporters and photographers.

　　The rise to fame was swift. Television cameras and newspapers carried the news to everyone in the country. Newspapers and magazines offered the family huge sums for the exclusive rights to publish stories and photographs. Gifts poured in not only from unknown people, but from baby food and soap manufacturers who wished to advertise their products. The old farmhouse the family lived in was to be replaced by a new ＄500, 000 home. Reporters kept pressing for interviews so lawyers had to be employed to act as spokesmen for the family at press conferences. While the five babies were still quietly sleeping in oxygen tents in a hospital nursery, their parents were paying the price for fame. It would never again be possible for them to lead normal lives. They had become the victims of commercialization, for their names had acquired a market value. Instead of being five new family members, these children had immediately become a commodity.

　　在民主國家里，任何限制資訊自由的企圖都理所當然地受到譴責。然而，這種自由很容易被濫用。常人軼事往往比政治事件更能引起公眾注意。我們都喜歡看關于別人生活的報道，但是否同樣喜歡看關于自己生活的報道，就很難說了。記者按事實至上的論點行事，發表有關別人私生活的細節，有時會給當事人造成極大的痛苦。資訊具有巨大的威力。它們不僅可以給尋常人家的生活帶來重大的變化，甚至還能推翻一個政府。

　　下面這戶窮人一夜之間出名發財的故事戲劇性地說明了資訊報道的威力。這戶人家住在南達科他州一個人口為23，000的小鎮上，鎮名為阿拜丁。家里已有5個孩子，全家人常年在貧困中掙扎。第6個孩子即將問世，他們面臨著更為嚴峻的經濟問題。如果他們只是添了1個孩子，這件事本來就不會引起任何人的注意。這家人會繼續為克服經濟上的拮據而奮斗，并默默無聞地活下去。但是他們出人意料地生了個五胞胎，4女1男。這事使他們的生活發生了根本的變化。五胞胎降生第二天，一架飛機飛抵阿拜丁，隨機帶來60名記者與攝影師。

　　這一家迅速出了名。電視攝像機和報紙把消息傳送到全國。報紙、雜志出高價向他們購買文字、圖片的獨家報道權。不但素昧平生的人寄來了大量的禮物，而且嬰兒食品、嬰兒肥皂制造廠商為了替自己產品做廣告也寄來了大量的禮物。這家人住的舊農舍將由一座價值50萬美元的新住宅所取代。由于記者紛紛要求會見，他們不得不請了律師充當他們家的發言人舉行記者招待會。眼下，五胞胎還靜靜地躺在醫院嬰兒室的氧氣帳里，他們的父母卻為這名聲付出了代價，他們再也無法過正常的生活。他們成了商業化的受害者，因為他們的名字具有了市場價值。這些孩子立即成了商品，而不是5個新的家庭成員。

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