2024屆高考英語考前沖刺專題精選任務型閱讀

　　一、題型特點與實戰訓練

　　一、任務型閱讀的題型特點

　　江蘇省高考英語任務型閱讀題目要求根據所讀，用恰當的詞語補全全文提綱，概括關鍵內容。任務型閱讀提供了兩種示例——表格式和樹狀式。題例中要求考生根據所讀內容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一個最恰當的單詞。注意每空一詞。其中在第二示例中特別強調“補全填空應符合語法和搭配要求”。這些要求考生能夠順利讀懂文章，并能夠掌握文章大意和分析文章結構框架。同時也要求考生擁有扎實的語法和詞匯知識，做到自如應用。Don’t forget there may also be some other problems.

　　= Do _________ there may also be some other problems.

　　Sometimes they make mistakes when they are speaking because they are shy and nervous.

　　= Shyness and ___________ make it easy to make mistakes.

　　28 of the 33 gold medalists wore the body covering Rastskin suit.

　　=Rastskin suit was __________ by 28 of the 33 gold medal winners at the Sydney Olympics.

　　To?achieve?success,?you?need?to?have?a?clear?aim?and?strong?determination.

　　=If?you?are?to?_________,?you?should?be?determined.?

　　Don’t speak in an angry way.

　　=Don’t speak ___________

　　After-school programming is an effective method to help young people become contributing members of society.

　　= After-school programming is an effective method to help young people make ____________to society.

　　The wall of water, a kilometer high, rushes towards southern Africa at 800 kilometers an hour. Cities on the African coast are totally destroyed and millions of people are drowned.

　　A tsunami(海嘯) hits southern Africa,

　　______

　　cities on the African coast, and_________

　　millions of people.

　　Be responsible for your own learning

　　=Take ____________for your own learning

　　Skin color is also affected by another source vitamin D.

　　=Vitamin D is another source___________ skin color.

　　We should consider what the other person needs and expects.

　　=Needs and ___________ of others should be taken into ______________.

　　2. 注意句子結構轉換

　　The cheating athlete is not easy to catch out.

　　= The cheating athlete is not __________ caught out.

　　Building a list can be difficult.

　　= A list can be difficult to ____________=It can be difficult to build a list

　　It should offer important information.

　　= It’s ___________ to offer important information.

　　Find some information before you talk to career advisers.

　　=Find some information before ________ career advisers.

　　About half of the piece is destroyed, but the remaining part hits the South Atlantic at 200 times faster than sound.

　　=One piece hits the South Atlantic at 200 times the __________ of sound.

　　Please greet others whenever you can.

　　=Please greet others whenever____________

　　As the company expands, it becomes more popular.

　　=With the company ___________, it becomes more popular.

　　It’s worth taking the time.

　　=The time you spend will be ___________

　　3. 另選其它詞來釋義（注意常用短語的記憶）

　　You are encouraged to keep records of the sources used by each person, which helps you trace back to the origin of the problems that may happen unexpectedly.

　　=You are encouraged to keep records of the sources just in __________.

　　People play indoor sports in all weathers.

　　= People play indoor sports __________ the weather.

　　Half of the parents didn’t know about their children’s motor skills.

　　= Half of the parents were not __________ of their children’s motor skills.

　　These amateur athletes will probably never become rich or famous. They must work at their jobs while training.

　　=These amateur athletes will probably never become rich or famous and they must ____________ their work with training.

　　Don’t spend time on some meaningless words.

　　=____________spending time on some meaningless words.

　　學會歸納概括詞匯

　　概括詞匯有時可以在文章中找到，有時要注意常見的搭配和文章的結構另想它詞。在平時練習中注意運用和記憶。

　　概括性詞匯：

　　原因和結果 cause(s) (of…..); reason(s)( for….); analysis ( about..)

　　effect(s); result(s); consequence(s)

　　態度觀點 attitude(s) ( to/ towards…); opinion(s) (on/about….)

　　比較 comparison(s) between A and B

　　異同 difference(s); similarity(similarities)

　　優劣 benefit(s); (dis)advantage(s); (in)convenience; strength(s); weakness(es)

　　目的 purpose(s); aim(s); goal(s)

　　建議預計 advice; suggestion(s); tip(s);

　　prediction; forecast

　　問題 problem(s)

　　方式方法 means (of….); method(s)(of…) ; way(s)(to do); approach(es)(to doing) ; solution(s) to sth; how (to do….)

　　總結概括

　　summary; conclusion

　　特點 feature (s); characteristic(s)

　　重要意義 significance; importance; meaning

　　定義主題 definition（定義）; theme(主題); topic（話題）

　　來源用途 source（來源）; origin（起源）; use; usage; function（功能）

　　種類 kind; type; category

　　步驟過程 steps; procedures; process

　　措施行動 measures; steps; action(s)

　　評論評價反應 comment(on/about…); remark(on/upon); assessment(評估); response (to .sth) ; reaction(to sth)

　　背景信息簡介 background information(on/ about….); brief introduction(to…)

　　事件時間地點 event(s); time; place

　　和人有關的名詞 birthday, birthplace, death, nationality, education, appearance, salary, activity(activities); achievement(s)

　　和地方有關的名詞 a place of interest, a tourist attraction, tourism, destination, area, location, history, climate, population, culture—cultural, politics—political; economy---economic; custom(s), tradition(s), transport/ transportation; the living conditions

　　和疾病有關的名詞 definition; cause(s), symptom(s); prevention; treatment(s)

　　例： A smart card is a card that is carried with either a microprocessor and a memory chip or only a memory chip that is not programmable. The microprocessor card can add. delete, and deal with the information on the card, while a memory-chip card can only do one thing.

　　Smart cards, unlike magnetic stripe cards, can do many different things and hold a lot of information. In this way, they do not need to get information from a faraway place when they are used.

　　Today, there are several kinds of smart cards, all of which are very popular in the market:

　　IC (Integrated Circuit) Microprocessor Cards Microprocessor Cards (chip cards) offer a larger memory and better security than the traditional magnetic stripe cards do. Chip cards can also hold data. These cards are used for many things. Thus, chips have been the main platform for cards that hold a secure digital identity. Some examples of these cards are:

　　Cards that hold money.

　　Cards that provide safe access to a network.

　　Cards that allow setting stop boxes on televisions to remain safe from privacy.

　　Optical Memory Cards Optical memory cards look like cards with a piece of CD on the top. Optical memory cards can store up to 4MB of data. But once written, the data can not be changed or removed. Thus, this type of card is good for keeping records, such as medical files, driving records or travel histories. Today, these have no processors in them (although this is coming in the near future). While the cards are almost as cheap as chip cards, the card readers are expensive.

　　Title:

　　Smart cards

　　(1)___________ (2)____________ (3)_____________ (4)____________

　　IC Chip Cards A larger memory &

　　Better security

　　Hold data Not mentioned Popularity

　　Large memory

　　Low cost of

　　cards

　　Optical Memory

　　cards Store much data

　　Good for doctors

　　Drivers and travelers

　　to keep records

　　Cost not much Unchangeable data

　　No processors

　　Expensive car readers

　　附：任務型閱讀中的高頻詞：

　　1.使某人能夠做enable / allow sb to do

　　2.不能做某事fail to do

　　3.絕非易事no easy job

　　4.避免做avoid doing

　　5.包括……including sth= sth included

　　6.導致result in= lead to=contribute to=bring about = cause= give rise to

　　7.符合需求meet/ satisfy / suit one’s needs/ wants/ demands/ requirements

　　8.充分利用make the most of=make the best(use) of= make full use of

　　9.依靠depend on=be dependent on

　　10.建立在……基礎上be based on

　　11.做某事有困難have difficulties with sth

　　have difficulty / trouble (in) doing sth

　　12.參與participate in =get/be involved in

　　13.獻身于，投入于devote ….to sth/doing

　　14.一刻，四分之一quarter

　　十年decade

　　一個世紀century

　　15.和……相似be similar to

　　16.熟悉……be familiar with

　　17.重要/有價值/有用/有幫助

　　be of importance/ significance/ value/ use/ help= be important/ significant/ valuable/ useful/ helpful

　　18.在……幫助下with the help of

　　=with the aid/ assistance of….

　　19.在某人許可之下with one’s permission

　　20.開始存在come into being/ existence

　　21.影響……have a…effect on = affect

　　22.被……取代be replaced by/ with

　　23.在上升中be increasing/ rising

　　=be on the increase/ rise

　　在減少中be decreasing/declining/

　　dropping=be on the decrease/ decline

　　24.除了做……別無選擇

　　have no choice/ alternative/ option but to do

　　25.對……負責；是……成因

　　be responsible for= take responsibility for

　　26.對……有害do harm to= be harmful to

　　27.對……有好處be good for=do good to=be beneficial to = be of benefit to….= benefit sb/ sth

　　28.對……造成威脅be a threat to sth

　　= be dangerous to ….

　　29.意識到be aware / conscious of

　　提高意識raise/ increase one’s awareness of

　　30.有機會利用/進入have access to….

　　31.和……相等；勝任于be equal to…

　　32.有規律的/地regular(ly)

　　33.舒適的/地

　　comfortable-comfortably

　　34.大多數the majority of the students= most of the students = most students

　　35.占多數in the majority

　　占少數in the minority

　　36.大的百分比a large percentage of…

　　37.毀壞(v) destroy

　　毀壞(n) destruction

　　38.可得到的available

　　39.建立set up=found=establish

　　組成form a team/ band

　　40.消失(v)disappear 消失(n) disappearance

　　41.對…感到自豪be proud of=take pride in

　　42.描述(v) describe

　　描述(n) description

　　43.起……作用play a role in…

　　44.保持平衡keep a balance

　　45.考慮……consider …..= take….into consideration/ account

　　46.和……有聯系be related to= relate to=be linked with/ to= be connected with/ to = be associated with

　　47.以紀念/以對某人表示敬意in honor of

　　48.以慶祝in celebration of

　　49.一開始in the beginning

　　在……開始at the beginning of…

　　50.使某人想起；提醒某人注意

　　remind sb of sth

　　51.和……和諧相處live in harmony with

　　= live harmoniously with

　　52.對……造成損害do /cause damage to..

　　53.成本高at high cost

　　54.以認可……in recognition of….

　　55.阻止某人做prevent / stop/ keep sb from

　　56.保持健康keep fit/ healthy

　　57.鼓勵某人做encourage sb to do

　　在某人鼓勵之下under one’s encouragement

　　在某人指導之下under one’s guidance

　　58.成功地做manage to do= succeed in doing

　　59.受傷(v) injure

　　受傷(n) injury

　　受傷(adj) injured

　　60.遭受……suffer from….

　　61.被限制到be limited to n/ doing

　　一個……的限制a limit to…

　　61.人們普遍接受…

　　It is widely(=generally) accepted that.

　　我認為……是可接受的

　　I think it acceptable that…

　　62.獲得成功achieve success;

　　達到目的achieve one’s goal

　　63.除了..之外還有in addition to= besides= apart from=as well as…

　　除了..沒有apart from=except=but =other than

　　64.在……方面取得進步

　　make progress=an advance in sth

　　65.對……厭倦be bored with=be tired of

　　=be fed up with

　　66.謹慎（n）caution

　　謹慎(adj) cautious

　　67.結合（v）combine

　　結合(n)

　　combination

　　68.和sb交流communicate with

　　=have communication with

　　69.對….自信be confident of…

　　=have confidence in…

　　70.由……組成consist of= be made up of

　　71. 對…作出貢獻

　　make contributions to=contribute to..

　　72.被控制住be controlled =be under control

　　73.處在滅絕的危險中in danger of dying out

　　74.為某人樹立榜樣set an example to sb

　　75.符合某人的期待

　　come/ live up to one’s expectations

　　76.面對……be faced with= face

　　77.成長(v) grow

　　成長(n)

　　growth

　　78.缺少實際經驗lack practical experience =be lacking in …..= be short of……

　　因為缺….for lack of….

　　79.身心健康physical and mental health

　　be healthy physically and mentally

　　80.積極的positive

　　消極的negative

　　81.現象 phenomenon→phenomena