難點(五)　“深奧難懂”的詞義猜測題 試題中考查的通常是生僻的詞匯，考生不能準確了解其確切意義，從而錯選答案。 Which of the following words can best take the place of the word “relish” in the second paragraph? A．chooseB．enjoy　 C．prepare forD．carry on

　　(2010·新課標全國卷Ⅰ，D) There were smiling children all the way.Clearly they knew at what time the train passed their homes and they made it their business to stand along the railway，wave to complete strangers and cheer them up as they rushed towards Penang.Often whole families stood outside their homes and waved and smiled as if those on the trains were their favorite relatives.This is the simple village people of Malaysia.I was moved. I had always traveled to Malaysia by plane or car，so this was the first time I was on a train.I did not particularly relish the long train journey and had brought along a dozen magazines to read and reread.I looked about the train.There was not one familiar face.I sighed and sat down to read my Economics. It was not long before the train was across the Causeway and in Malaysia.Johore Baru was just another city like Singapore，so I was tired of looking at the crowds of people as they hurried past.As we went beyond the city，I watched the straight rows of rubber trees and miles and miles of green.Then the first village came into sight.Immediately I came alive；I decided to wave back. From then on my journey became interesting.I threw my magazines into the waste basket and decided to join in Malaysian life.Then everything came alive.The mountains seemed to speak to me.Even the trees were smiling.I stared at everything as if I was looking at it for the first time. The day passed fast and I even forgot to have my lunch until I felt hungry.I looked at my watch and was surprised that it was 3∶00 pm.Soon the train pulled up at Butterworth.I looked at the people all around me.They all looked beautiful.When my uncle arrived with a smile，I threw my arms around him to give him a warm hug (擁抱)．I had never done this before.He seemed surprised and then his weather-beaten face warmed up with a huge smile.We walked arm in arm to his car. I looked forward to the return journey.

　　[語篇解讀]　這是一篇夾敘夾議的文章。作者乘坐火車做長途跋涉，看見窗外陌生鄉村的村民對列車上的乘客投以微笑，這微笑給她帶來了快樂，并由此改變了作者對生活的態度。 1．The author expected the train trip to be________. A．adventurousB．pleasant C．exciting　

　　D．dull 解析：　推理判斷題。第二段說，作者帶了十多本雜志，準備在旅途中一次次地閱讀；環顧列車的車廂，沒有發現一個熟悉的面孔，“我長嘆一聲，坐下來讀我的《經濟學》”，從這些敘述看，作者認為自己這次列車出行會是很枯燥乏味的，于是準備了很多書來打發這枯燥沉悶的旅途。 答案：　D 2．What did the author remember most fondly of her train trip? A．The friendly country people. B．The mountains along the way. C．The crowds of people in the streets. D．The simple lunch served on the train. 解析：　事實細節題。第一段說，作者坐在火車上，看見一路上都有村民們微笑的面孔，馬來西亞淳樸的鄉村人們打動了他；第四段說“我決定融入馬來西亞的生活”，從這些信息推斷，A.“友好的鄉村人們”是作者這次旅途記憶最深刻的東西。 答案：　A 3．Which of the following words can best take the place of the word “relish” in the second paragraph? A．choose　

　　B．enjoy C．prepare forD．carry on 解析：　猜測詞義題。第二段畫線詞的語境說，作者不太relish漫長的列車旅途，于是準備了許多本雜志，由此判斷畫線詞的含義是B，她覺得這樣的長途火車旅行是很枯燥的，她不喜歡。 答案：　B

　　4．Where was the writer going? A．Johore Baru.B．The Causeway. C．Butterworth.D．Singapore. 解析：　推理判斷題。倒數第二段說火車到達Butterworth，她的叔叔到車站接她，由此判斷她此行的目的地是Butterworth。 答案：　C

　　5．What can we learn from the story? A．Comfort in traveling by train. B．Pleasure of living in the country. C．Reading gives people delight. D．Smiles brighten people up.

　　解析：　推理判斷題。從作者此次火車旅行看，開始她覺得這次旅行是枯燥的，看見馬來西亞的村民在門口對車上的旅客投以微笑，此時“我被感動了”，并將隨身攜帶的雜志都扔掉了，于是，作者看見的一切都充滿了生命力，山脈與樹木似乎都在向她微笑。從作者這次旅行的情感態度變化看，這些變化都是因為她在火車上看見了窗外人們的微笑，因此“D.微笑能使人的生活充滿光明”最能概括本文的主題。 答案：　D

　　【長難句】　Clearly they knew at what time the train passed their homes and they made it their business to stand along the railway，wave to complete strangers and cheer them up as they rushed towards Penang.顯然，他們知道這列火車何時經過他們的家門，在火車馳騁前往Penang的路上，他們站在鐵路沿線，為火車上的陌生人送去微笑，樂此不疲。 本句使用了what引導的賓語從句、and連接的并列句和as引導的時間狀語從句。 [化難為易]　最新的高考英語《考試大綱》中對讀的要求有明確規定，考生應該能夠根據上下文推測生詞詞義，所以詞義猜測題是高考閱讀理解題中不可或缺的題型，旨在考查考生猜詞悟義的能力。詞義猜測題是從特定的角度考查考生的閱讀理解能力和處理生詞的能力，它包括對詞和詞組的理解。例證中要求猜測的單詞“relish”對考生來說就是一個生詞，要求考生根據語境理解其意義。根據上文中的“I did not particularly relish the long train journey and had brought along a dozen magazines to read and reread.”可知作者不喜歡漫長的列車旅行，于是準備許多雜志，由此推斷出畫線詞的含義是B項。

　　猜測詞義不僅是一項閱讀技巧，也是高考中考查閱讀能力的一個方面。因此，掌握一定的猜詞技巧對突破高考閱讀理解和提高考生的英語語言運用能力都有非常重要的意義。一般說來，正確猜測詞義的方法主要有： 1．通過構詞法猜測詞義。閱讀中常常會遇到一些由熟悉的單詞派生、轉化或合成的新詞，考生可以依據構詞法方面的知識來猜測詞義。 2．通過同義、反義關系猜測詞義。在生詞所在的上下文中，有時會出現與之同義或反義的詞語，這時可根據熟悉的詞語的含義推知生詞的含義。

　　3．通過上下文的聯系猜測詞義。任何一篇文章中的句子在內容上都不是絕對孤立的，都跟句子所在的段落及整篇文章有聯系。因此，考生可以利用上下文提供的情景和線索進行合乎邏輯的綜合分析，進而猜測詞義。這是閱讀過程中的一大關鍵，也是近年來高考考查的熱點。 4．通過經驗及生活常識猜測詞義。在做閱讀理解題時，考生有時可以運用自身的實際生活經驗及生活常識猜測詞義。

　　難點(五)　“深奧難懂”的詞義猜測題 試題中考查的通常是生僻的詞匯，考生不能準確了解其確切意義，從而錯選答案。 Which of the following words can best take the place of the word “relish” in the second paragraph? A．chooseB．enjoy　 C．prepare forD．carry on

　　(2010·新課標全國卷Ⅰ，D) There were smiling children all the way.Clearly they knew at what time the train passed their homes and they made it their business to stand along the railway，wave to complete strangers and cheer them up as they rushed towards Penang.Often whole families stood outside their homes and waved and smiled as if those on the trains were their favorite relatives.This is the simple village people of Malaysia.I was moved. I had always traveled to Malaysia by plane or car，so this was the first time I was on a train.I did not particularly relish the long train journey and had brought along a dozen magazines to read and reread.I looked about the train.There was not one familiar face.I sighed and sat down to read my Economics. It was not long before the train was across the Causeway and in Malaysia.Johore Baru was just another city like Singapore，so I was tired of looking at the crowds of people as they hurried past.As we went beyond the city，I watched the straight rows of rubber trees and miles and miles of green.Then the first village came into sight.Immediately I came alive；I decided to wave back. From then on my journey became interesting.I threw my magazines into the waste basket and decided to join in Malaysian life.Then everything came alive.The mountains seemed to speak to me.Even the trees were smiling.I stared at everything as if I was looking at it for the first time. The day passed fast and I even forgot to have my lunch until I felt hungry.I looked at my watch and was surprised that it was 3∶00 pm.Soon the train pulled up at Butterworth.I looked at the people all around me.They all looked beautiful.When my uncle arrived with a smile，I threw my arms around him to give him a warm hug (擁抱)．I had never done this before.He seemed surprised and then his weather-beaten face warmed up with a huge smile.We walked arm in arm to his car. I looked forward to the return journey.

　　[語篇解讀]　這是一篇夾敘夾議的文章。作者乘坐火車做長途跋涉，看見窗外陌生鄉村的村民對列車上的乘客投以微笑，這微笑給她帶來了快樂，并由此改變了作者對生活的態度。 1．The author expected the train trip to be________. A．adventurousB．pleasant C．exciting　

　　D．dull 解析：　推理判斷題。第二段說，作者帶了十多本雜志，準備在旅途中一次次地閱讀；環顧列車的車廂，沒有發現一個熟悉的面孔，“我長嘆一聲，坐下來讀我的《經濟學》”，從這些敘述看，作者認為自己這次列車出行會是很枯燥乏味的，于是準備了很多書來打發這枯燥沉悶的旅途。 答案：　D 2．What did the author remember most fondly of her train trip? A．The friendly country people. B．The mountains along the way. C．The crowds of people in the streets. D．The simple lunch served on the train. 解析：　事實細節題。第一段說，作者坐在火車上，看見一路上都有村民們微笑的面孔，馬來西亞淳樸的鄉村人們打動了他；第四段說“我決定融入馬來西亞的生活”，從這些信息推斷，A.“友好的鄉村人們”是作者這次旅途記憶最深刻的東西。 答案：　A 3．Which of the following words can best take the place of the word “relish” in the second paragraph? A．choose　

　　B．enjoy C．prepare forD．carry on 解析：　猜測詞義題。第二段畫線詞的語境說，作者不太relish漫長的列車旅途，于是準備了許多本雜志，由此判斷畫線詞的含義是B，她覺得這樣的長途火車旅行是很枯燥的，她不喜歡。 答案：　B

　　4．Where was the writer going? A．Johore Baru.B．The Causeway. C．Butterworth.D．Singapore. 解析：　推理判斷題。倒數第二段說火車到達Butterworth，她的叔叔到車站接她，由此判斷她此行的目的地是Butterworth。 答案：　C

　　5．What can we learn from the story? A．Comfort in traveling by train. B．Pleasure of living in the country. C．Reading gives people delight. D．Smiles brighten people up.

　　解析：　推理判斷題。從作者此次火車旅行看，開始她覺得這次旅行是枯燥的，看見馬來西亞的村民在門口對車上的旅客投以微笑，此時“我被感動了”，并將隨身攜帶的雜志都扔掉了，于是，作者看見的一切都充滿了生命力，山脈與樹木似乎都在向她微笑。從作者這次旅行的情感態度變化看，這些變化都是因為她在火車上看見了窗外人們的微笑，因此“D.微笑能使人的生活充滿光明”最能概括本文的主題。 答案：　D

　　【長難句】　Clearly they knew at what time the train passed their homes and they made it their business to stand along the railway，wave to complete strangers and cheer them up as they rushed towards Penang.顯然，他們知道這列火車何時經過他們的家門，在火車馳騁前往Penang的路上，他們站在鐵路沿線，為火車上的陌生人送去微笑，樂此不疲。 本句使用了what引導的賓語從句、and連接的并列句和as引導的時間狀語從句。 [化難為易]　最新的高考英語《考試大綱》中對讀的要求有明確規定，考生應該能夠根據上下文推測生詞詞義，所以詞義猜測題是高考閱讀理解題中不可或缺的題型，旨在考查考生猜詞悟義的能力。詞義猜測題是從特定的角度考查考生的閱讀理解能力和處理生詞的能力，它包括對詞和詞組的理解。例證中要求猜測的單詞“relish”對考生來說就是一個生詞，要求考生根據語境理解其意義。根據上文中的“I did not particularly relish the long train journey and had brought along a dozen magazines to read and reread.”可知作者不喜歡漫長的列車旅行，于是準備許多雜志，由此推斷出畫線詞的含義是B項。

　　猜測詞義不僅是一項閱讀技巧，也是高考中考查閱讀能力的一個方面。因此，掌握一定的猜詞技巧對突破高考閱讀理解和提高考生的英語語言運用能力都有非常重要的意義。一般說來，正確猜測詞義的方法主要有： 1．通過構詞法猜測詞義。閱讀中常常會遇到一些由熟悉的單詞派生、轉化或合成的新詞，考生可以依據構詞法方面的知識來猜測詞義。 2．通過同義、反義關系猜測詞義。在生詞所在的上下文中，有時會出現與之同義或反義的詞語，這時可根據熟悉的詞語的含義推知生詞的含義。

　　3．通過上下文的聯系猜測詞義。任何一篇文章中的句子在內容上都不是絕對孤立的，都跟句子所在的段落及整篇文章有聯系。因此，考生可以利用上下文提供的情景和線索進行合乎邏輯的綜合分析，進而猜測詞義。這是閱讀過程中的一大關鍵，也是近年來高考考查的熱點。 4．通過經驗及生活常識猜測詞義。在做閱讀理解題時，考生有時可以運用自身的實際生活經驗及生活常識猜測詞義。