2024屆高考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí)強化作業(yè):必修3 Unit 4《Astronomy》(新人教版含答案)
課時提升作業(yè)(十四)
必修3 Unit 4
Ⅰ. 單項填空
1. (2024·廣安模擬)Measures must be taken to prevent pollution happily.
A. from we live B. for us to live
C. us living
D. from our living
2. She has been over his strange letter for several weeks, but she still figures out nothing about it.
A. puzzling B. worried C. troubled D. anxious
3. (2024·巢湖模擬)Our football team will compete against the American team this evening. Let’s go and them , shall we?
A. cheer; up B. join; up
C. add; up
D. pick; up
4. (2024·北京模擬) you are familiar with the author’s ideas, try reading all the sections as quickly as possible.
A. Now that B. Ever since
C. In case
D. As long as
5. (2024·邯鄲模擬)The plan just because people were unwilling to cooperate.
A. put down B. pulled down
C. turned down
D. broke down
6. (2024·上海模擬)Smokers who regularly drink are nearly to suffer from lung cancer as smokers who don’t drink, according to a new study in Cancer Research.
A. twice likely as B. twice as likely
C. as twice likely
D. as likely as twice
7. a certain doubt among the workers as to the necessity of the work.
A. It existed B. There existed
C. There had
D. It had
8. (2024·寧波模擬)The cloud never hides the sun. The truth will be known to all .
A. by now B. in time
C. at present
D. in future
9. The harm the modern farming methods have done the countryside is considerable.
A. on B. to
C. at
D. for
10. Stay away from Lynch. He’s a liar. You’ll be cheated if you don’t .
A. break out B. watch out
C. take off
D. set off
11. (2024·金華模擬)—Betty told me the last mountainous bike you preferred to yesterday was bought by John.
—Oh, my God! How I regret that I didn’t buy .
A. that B. such
C. one
D. it
12. She is her mother; she is tall while her mother is very short.
A. dislike B. like
C. unlike
D. fond
13. The top leaders of the two countries are holding talks in a friendly .
A. atmosphere B. state
C. situation
D. phenomenon
14. Before the economic crisis came, John had sensed that the firm was to be ruined and he just in time.
A. pulled up B. pulled out
C. pulled off
D. pulled down
15. It is Tom often breaks the school rules makes his teacher unsatisfied with him.
A. what; that B. that; what
C. that; that
D. which; that
Ⅱ. 閱讀理解
(2024·哈爾濱模擬)
(Beijing—11, July 2024)China sent up a new data relay satellite, Tianlian I-02, on Monday at the Xichang Satellite Launch Centre in southwestern Sichuan Province. The new satellite will promote the country’s satellite communication network for space docking(對接).
The satellite was launched on a Long March-3C carrier rocket at 11:41 pm, sources at the centre told Xinhua News Agency. The satellite separated from the rocket 26 minutes after its launch and was then successfully delivered into a geostationary transfer orbit(地球同步轉(zhuǎn)移軌道).
Developed by the China Academy of Space Technology under the China Aerospace Science and Technology Corporation, the satellite is the country’s second data relay satellite. The first, Tianlian I-01, was launched on April 25, 2008.
The two satellites will form a network to improve communications between China’s spacecraft and bases on Earth, according to the centre. They will also be used to help the nation’s first space docking, scheduled for the second half of this year.
As planned, in 2024, China’s manned space docking mission between Shenzhou Ⅸ spacecraft and Tiangong-1 lab module has achieved a complete success, according to China Manned Space Engineering Office, which was the main user of the Tianlian I series data relay satellites.
“The new satellite can cover a greater area to track and command the country’s space vehicles in low-Earth orbits, such as manned spacecraft and remote sensing satellites, from a higher position in outer space. Only three satellites of this kind are needed to form a global communication network, and China has two now. ” Pang Zhihao, a researcher and deputy editor-in-chief of Space International said.
“The satellite could also equip astronauts with real-time communications, which benefits the country’s future manned space flights, ” he said. (327W)
1. What is the main purpose of sending up Tianlian I-02?
A. To test the function of a Long March-3C carrier rocket.
B. To carry some astronauts into space to do some research.
C. To send more information and clearer pictures to mobile phones on the earth.
D. To promote the country’s satellite communication network for space docking.
2. Which of the following is TRUE according to the news report?
A. ShenzhouⅧ is a manned spaceship.
B. Tiangong-1 will dock with three Shenzhou spaceships next year.
C. The satellite is of great importance to China’s space exploration.
D. China’s first space docking was done in the second half of next year.
3. The best title of the passage could be .
A. China Launched a New Space Shuttle
B. China’s Plan for Space Exploration
C. China’s Progress in China’s Space Exploration
D. New Satellite Helps China’s Space Exploration
Ⅲ. 閱讀第二節(jié)
下面文章中有5處(第1~5題)需要添加小標題。請從以下選項(A、B、C、D、E和F)中選出符合各段意思的小標題。選項中有一項是多余選項。
A. Using a proverb to tell us how to keep healthy
B. Getting up early—one good way to keep healthy
C. The importance of sleeping
D. Introduction to keeping healthy
E. The importance of the blood in our bodies
F. The benefit of exercise
1. ?
Habit is something we do very often. We do not think when we are doing it. We can have good habits or bad habits. This text gives some advice on how to be healthy. It tells you what to do if you want to be healthy. It also tells you what you must not do. It talks about good habits and bad habits.
2. ?
Early to bed and early to rise makes a man healthy, wealthy and wise. This is an old English saying. Have you heard of it before? It means that we must go to bed early at night and get up early in the morning. If we do, we shall be healthy, and we shall also be rich and clever.
3. ?
Is this true? Perhaps it is. The body must have enough sleep. Children of your age need ten hours’ sleep every night. If you do not go to bed early, you cannot have enough sleep. Then you cannot think properly and you cannot do your work properly. You’ll not be wise and you may not become wealthy!
4. ?
Some people go to bed late at night and get up late in the morning. This is not good for them. We must sleep at night when it is dark. The dark helps us to sleep properly. When daylight comes, we must get up. This is the time for exercise. Exercise means doing things with the body. Walking, running, jumping, swimming, playing games are all exercise. If the body is not used, it becomes weak. Exercise keeps it strong.
5. ?
Exercise helps the blood to move around inside the body. This is very important. Blood takes food to all parts of our bodies. The brain in our heads also needs blood. We think with our brains. If we keep our bodies healthy and take exercise, we can think well.
【語篇隨練】
1. 根據(jù)閱讀理解翻譯下列句子
The satellite separated from the rocket 26 minutes after its launch and was then successfully delivered into a geostationary transfer orbit.
2. 用30個詞左右概括閱讀理解大意
答案解析
Ⅰ. 1.【解析】選B。打破prevent. . . from doing. . . 的思維定勢, 此處為帶邏輯主語的不定式作目的狀語。句意:為了我們能幸福地生活, 必須采取措施制止污染。
2.【解析】選A。句意:她對他那封奇怪的信苦苦思索了好幾周, 可還是沒弄明白。puzzle over. . . 意為 “對……苦苦思索” 。
3.【解析】選A。考查短語辨析。句意:今晚我們的足球隊要和美國隊比賽。讓我們?nèi)ソo他們加油助威, 好嗎?為某人加油用cheer sb. up。
【變式備選】
—Goodbye, Henry. !
—Thanks, Mary. I will call you immediately I arrive in New York.
A. Congratulations B. Cheer up
C. All the best
D. Forget it
【解析】選C。考查交際用語。此處all the best “一切順利” , 用于祝愿對方。congratulations用于向?qū)Ψ奖硎咀YR; cheer up “振奮點” , 用于鼓勵、安慰對方; forget it意思是 “沒關(guān)系” 。
4.【解析】選A。考查連詞詞組辨析。句意:既然你對作者的觀點這么熟悉, 那就嘗試著用最快的速度閱讀全部章節(jié)吧。now that既然, 符合句意。ever since從……起; in case以防, 萬一; as long as只要。
5.【解析】選D。考查動詞短語辨析。句意:就因為人們不愿合作, 這個計劃失敗了。break down計劃、談判等失敗, 符合句意。put down記下; pull down拆毀; turn down(音量)關(guān)小, 拒絕。
6.【解析】選B。考查倍數(shù)的表達。句意:一項新的癌癥研究發(fā)現(xiàn), 有規(guī)律地喝酒的吸煙者患肺癌的概率是不喝酒的吸煙者的兩倍。四個選項中只有B項符合倍數(shù)表達的結(jié)構(gòu):A+倍數(shù)+ as +形容詞+as+B。
【變式備選】
The price of the flat now is that last year.
A. as twice high as
B. twice more expensive than
C. as high as twice
D. twice the amount of
【解析】選D。考查倍數(shù)表達法 “倍數(shù)+the+n. +of” 結(jié)構(gòu)。句意:現(xiàn)在的房價是去年的兩倍。
7.【解析】選B。句意:對于做這份工作的必要性, 工人們存在一定的疑惑。There exist(s). . . 有; 存在; 相當于There be. . . 結(jié)構(gòu)。
8.【解析】選B。句意:烏云遮不住太陽。真相遲早會被眾人所知的。in time遲早, 及時; by now到現(xiàn)在為止; at present現(xiàn)在; in future從今以后。
9.【解析】選B。do harm to sb. /sth. 為固定短語, 意為 “對……有害” , 且 “the modern farming. . . countryside” 為定語從句修飾harm。
10.【解析】選B。句意:離Lynch遠點。他是個騙子。你要是不小心會被騙的。watch out注意, 當心, 符合句意。break out突發(fā), 爆發(fā); take off起飛; set off出發(fā), 動身。
11.【解析】選D。考查代詞用法。句意:——貝蒂告訴我昨天你想買的最后那輛山地自行車被約翰買走了。——噢, 天哪! 我多么后悔我沒有把它買下來。此處代指上一句提到的那輛山地自行車, 故用it。
12.【解析】選C。考查詞語辨析。句意:她不像她媽媽; 她很高, 而她媽媽很矮。所以選C, 意思是 “不像” 。dislike是動詞, 意思是 “不喜歡” 。
【變式備選】
We like him personally, but his way of living.
A. dislike
B. like
C. unlike
D. fond
【解析】選A。句意:我們喜歡他這個人, 但不喜歡他的生活方式。和前面的動詞like(喜歡)相對, 所以選dislike, 意為 “不喜歡” 。
13.【解析】選A。考查名詞辨析。句意:兩國高層領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人之間的會談在友好的氣氛中進行。atmosphere氣氛; state狀態(tài); situation處境; phenomenon現(xiàn)象, 由句意可知A項正確。
14.【解析】選B。考查動詞短語辨析。句意:在經(jīng)濟危機來臨之前, 約翰就覺察到這家公司即將倒閉, 于是就及時退了出來。pull up使車停下; pull out(火車)駛出車站, 離開; pull off脫去, 勝利完成; pull down拆毀(建筑物)。根據(jù)語意判斷選B, 表示 “離開, 辭職” 。
15.【解析】選C。考查名詞性從句和強調(diào)句。由句式結(jié)構(gòu)可知, 該句為強調(diào)句式, 且強調(diào)句子的主語 “Tom often breaks the school rules” , 故makes前用that, 所強調(diào)部分為主語從句, 且從句中不缺少成分, 故Tom前用that。
Ⅱ.
“神舟” 9號, 天宮系列, 中國的航天取得令世人矚目的成績, 多顆衛(wèi)星的成功發(fā)射使得中國的太空探索如虎添翼。
1.【解析】選D。細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段的 “The new satellite will promote the country’s satellite communication network for space docking. ” 可知答案。
2.【解析】選C。推理判斷題。A、B、D三項為錯誤敘述, 與報道不符合。文章著重強調(diào)該衛(wèi)星的重要性。
3.【解析】選D。主旨大意題。全文闡述新衛(wèi)星對中國太空事業(yè)發(fā)展的影響, 最后一段更是揭示了這一主題。
Ⅲ. 答案:1~5. DACFE
1.在發(fā)射升空26分鐘后, 衛(wèi)星和火箭分離, 然后被成功送到地球同步轉(zhuǎn)移軌道。
2. The passage tells us that the achievement our country has achieved in the satellite launch and the importance of the new satellite we launched in space exploration.
課時提升作業(yè)(十四)
必修3 Unit 4
Ⅰ. 單項填空
1. (2024·廣安模擬)Measures must be taken to prevent pollution happily.
A. from we live B. for us to live
C. us living
D. from our living
2. She has been over his strange letter for several weeks, but she still figures out nothing about it.
A. puzzling B. worried C. troubled D. anxious
3. (2024·巢湖模擬)Our football team will compete against the American team this evening. Let’s go and them , shall we?
A. cheer; up B. join; up
C. add; up
D. pick; up
4. (2024·北京模擬) you are familiar with the author’s ideas, try reading all the sections as quickly as possible.
A. Now that B. Ever since
C. In case
D. As long as
5. (2024·邯鄲模擬)The plan just because people were unwilling to cooperate.
A. put down B. pulled down
C. turned down
D. broke down
6. (2024·上海模擬)Smokers who regularly drink are nearly to suffer from lung cancer as smokers who don’t drink, according to a new study in Cancer Research.
A. twice likely as B. twice as likely
C. as twice likely
D. as likely as twice
7. a certain doubt among the workers as to the necessity of the work.
A. It existed B. There existed
C. There had
D. It had
8. (2024·寧波模擬)The cloud never hides the sun. The truth will be known to all .
A. by now B. in time
C. at present
D. in future
9. The harm the modern farming methods have done the countryside is considerable.
A. on B. to
C. at
D. for
10. Stay away from Lynch. He’s a liar. You’ll be cheated if you don’t .
A. break out B. watch out
C. take off
D. set off
11. (2024·金華模擬)—Betty told me the last mountainous bike you preferred to yesterday was bought by John.
—Oh, my God! How I regret that I didn’t buy .
A. that B. such
C. one
D. it
12. She is her mother; she is tall while her mother is very short.
A. dislike B. like
C. unlike
D. fond
13. The top leaders of the two countries are holding talks in a friendly .
A. atmosphere B. state
C. situation
D. phenomenon
14. Before the economic crisis came, John had sensed that the firm was to be ruined and he just in time.
A. pulled up B. pulled out
C. pulled off
D. pulled down
15. It is Tom often breaks the school rules makes his teacher unsatisfied with him.
A. what; that B. that; what
C. that; that
D. which; that
Ⅱ. 閱讀理解
(2024·哈爾濱模擬)
(Beijing—11, July 2024)China sent up a new data relay satellite, Tianlian I-02, on Monday at the Xichang Satellite Launch Centre in southwestern Sichuan Province. The new satellite will promote the country’s satellite communication network for space docking(對接).
The satellite was launched on a Long March-3C carrier rocket at 11:41 pm, sources at the centre told Xinhua News Agency. The satellite separated from the rocket 26 minutes after its launch and was then successfully delivered into a geostationary transfer orbit(地球同步轉(zhuǎn)移軌道).
Developed by the China Academy of Space Technology under the China Aerospace Science and Technology Corporation, the satellite is the country’s second data relay satellite. The first, Tianlian I-01, was launched on April 25, 2008.
The two satellites will form a network to improve communications between China’s spacecraft and bases on Earth, according to the centre. They will also be used to help the nation’s first space docking, scheduled for the second half of this year.
As planned, in 2024, China’s manned space docking mission between Shenzhou Ⅸ spacecraft and Tiangong-1 lab module has achieved a complete success, according to China Manned Space Engineering Office, which was the main user of the Tianlian I series data relay satellites.
“The new satellite can cover a greater area to track and command the country’s space vehicles in low-Earth orbits, such as manned spacecraft and remote sensing satellites, from a higher position in outer space. Only three satellites of this kind are needed to form a global communication network, and China has two now. ” Pang Zhihao, a researcher and deputy editor-in-chief of Space International said.
“The satellite could also equip astronauts with real-time communications, which benefits the country’s future manned space flights, ” he said. (327W)
1. What is the main purpose of sending up Tianlian I-02?
A. To test the function of a Long March-3C carrier rocket.
B. To carry some astronauts into space to do some research.
C. To send more information and clearer pictures to mobile phones on the earth.
D. To promote the country’s satellite communication network for space docking.
2. Which of the following is TRUE according to the news report?
A. ShenzhouⅧ is a manned spaceship.
B. Tiangong-1 will dock with three Shenzhou spaceships next year.
C. The satellite is of great importance to China’s space exploration.
D. China’s first space docking was done in the second half of next year.
3. The best title of the passage could be .
A. China Launched a New Space Shuttle
B. China’s Plan for Space Exploration
C. China’s Progress in China’s Space Exploration
D. New Satellite Helps China’s Space Exploration
Ⅲ. 閱讀第二節(jié)
下面文章中有5處(第1~5題)需要添加小標題。請從以下選項(A、B、C、D、E和F)中選出符合各段意思的小標題。選項中有一項是多余選項。
A. Using a proverb to tell us how to keep healthy
B. Getting up early—one good way to keep healthy
C. The importance of sleeping
D. Introduction to keeping healthy
E. The importance of the blood in our bodies
F. The benefit of exercise
1. ?
Habit is something we do very often. We do not think when we are doing it. We can have good habits or bad habits. This text gives some advice on how to be healthy. It tells you what to do if you want to be healthy. It also tells you what you must not do. It talks about good habits and bad habits.
2. ?
Early to bed and early to rise makes a man healthy, wealthy and wise. This is an old English saying. Have you heard of it before? It means that we must go to bed early at night and get up early in the morning. If we do, we shall be healthy, and we shall also be rich and clever.
3. ?
Is this true? Perhaps it is. The body must have enough sleep. Children of your age need ten hours’ sleep every night. If you do not go to bed early, you cannot have enough sleep. Then you cannot think properly and you cannot do your work properly. You’ll not be wise and you may not become wealthy!
4. ?
Some people go to bed late at night and get up late in the morning. This is not good for them. We must sleep at night when it is dark. The dark helps us to sleep properly. When daylight comes, we must get up. This is the time for exercise. Exercise means doing things with the body. Walking, running, jumping, swimming, playing games are all exercise. If the body is not used, it becomes weak. Exercise keeps it strong.
5. ?
Exercise helps the blood to move around inside the body. This is very important. Blood takes food to all parts of our bodies. The brain in our heads also needs blood. We think with our brains. If we keep our bodies healthy and take exercise, we can think well.
【語篇隨練】
1. 根據(jù)閱讀理解翻譯下列句子
The satellite separated from the rocket 26 minutes after its launch and was then successfully delivered into a geostationary transfer orbit.
2. 用30個詞左右概括閱讀理解大意
答案解析
Ⅰ. 1.【解析】選B。打破prevent. . . from doing. . . 的思維定勢, 此處為帶邏輯主語的不定式作目的狀語。句意:為了我們能幸福地生活, 必須采取措施制止污染。
2.【解析】選A。句意:她對他那封奇怪的信苦苦思索了好幾周, 可還是沒弄明白。puzzle over. . . 意為 “對……苦苦思索” 。
3.【解析】選A。考查短語辨析。句意:今晚我們的足球隊要和美國隊比賽。讓我們?nèi)ソo他們加油助威, 好嗎?為某人加油用cheer sb. up。
【變式備選】
—Goodbye, Henry. !
—Thanks, Mary. I will call you immediately I arrive in New York.
A. Congratulations B. Cheer up
C. All the best
D. Forget it
【解析】選C。考查交際用語。此處all the best “一切順利” , 用于祝愿對方。congratulations用于向?qū)Ψ奖硎咀YR; cheer up “振奮點” , 用于鼓勵、安慰對方; forget it意思是 “沒關(guān)系” 。
4.【解析】選A。考查連詞詞組辨析。句意:既然你對作者的觀點這么熟悉, 那就嘗試著用最快的速度閱讀全部章節(jié)吧。now that既然, 符合句意。ever since從……起; in case以防, 萬一; as long as只要。
5.【解析】選D。考查動詞短語辨析。句意:就因為人們不愿合作, 這個計劃失敗了。break down計劃、談判等失敗, 符合句意。put down記下; pull down拆毀; turn down(音量)關(guān)小, 拒絕。
6.【解析】選B。考查倍數(shù)的表達。句意:一項新的癌癥研究發(fā)現(xiàn), 有規(guī)律地喝酒的吸煙者患肺癌的概率是不喝酒的吸煙者的兩倍。四個選項中只有B項符合倍數(shù)表達的結(jié)構(gòu):A+倍數(shù)+ as +形容詞+as+B。
【變式備選】
The price of the flat now is that last year.
A. as twice high as
B. twice more expensive than
C. as high as twice
D. twice the amount of
【解析】選D。考查倍數(shù)表達法 “倍數(shù)+the+n. +of” 結(jié)構(gòu)。句意:現(xiàn)在的房價是去年的兩倍。
7.【解析】選B。句意:對于做這份工作的必要性, 工人們存在一定的疑惑。There exist(s). . . 有; 存在; 相當于There be. . . 結(jié)構(gòu)。
8.【解析】選B。句意:烏云遮不住太陽。真相遲早會被眾人所知的。in time遲早, 及時; by now到現(xiàn)在為止; at present現(xiàn)在; in future從今以后。
9.【解析】選B。do harm to sb. /sth. 為固定短語, 意為 “對……有害” , 且 “the modern farming. . . countryside” 為定語從句修飾harm。
10.【解析】選B。句意:離Lynch遠點。他是個騙子。你要是不小心會被騙的。watch out注意, 當心, 符合句意。break out突發(fā), 爆發(fā); take off起飛; set off出發(fā), 動身。
11.【解析】選D。考查代詞用法。句意:——貝蒂告訴我昨天你想買的最后那輛山地自行車被約翰買走了。——噢, 天哪! 我多么后悔我沒有把它買下來。此處代指上一句提到的那輛山地自行車, 故用it。
12.【解析】選C。考查詞語辨析。句意:她不像她媽媽; 她很高, 而她媽媽很矮。所以選C, 意思是 “不像” 。dislike是動詞, 意思是 “不喜歡” 。
【變式備選】
We like him personally, but his way of living.
A. dislike
B. like
C. unlike
D. fond
【解析】選A。句意:我們喜歡他這個人, 但不喜歡他的生活方式。和前面的動詞like(喜歡)相對, 所以選dislike, 意為 “不喜歡” 。
13.【解析】選A。考查名詞辨析。句意:兩國高層領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人之間的會談在友好的氣氛中進行。atmosphere氣氛; state狀態(tài); situation處境; phenomenon現(xiàn)象, 由句意可知A項正確。
14.【解析】選B。考查動詞短語辨析。句意:在經(jīng)濟危機來臨之前, 約翰就覺察到這家公司即將倒閉, 于是就及時退了出來。pull up使車停下; pull out(火車)駛出車站, 離開; pull off脫去, 勝利完成; pull down拆毀(建筑物)。根據(jù)語意判斷選B, 表示 “離開, 辭職” 。
15.【解析】選C。考查名詞性從句和強調(diào)句。由句式結(jié)構(gòu)可知, 該句為強調(diào)句式, 且強調(diào)句子的主語 “Tom often breaks the school rules” , 故makes前用that, 所強調(diào)部分為主語從句, 且從句中不缺少成分, 故Tom前用that。
Ⅱ.
“神舟” 9號, 天宮系列, 中國的航天取得令世人矚目的成績, 多顆衛(wèi)星的成功發(fā)射使得中國的太空探索如虎添翼。
1.【解析】選D。細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段的 “The new satellite will promote the country’s satellite communication network for space docking. ” 可知答案。
2.【解析】選C。推理判斷題。A、B、D三項為錯誤敘述, 與報道不符合。文章著重強調(diào)該衛(wèi)星的重要性。
3.【解析】選D。主旨大意題。全文闡述新衛(wèi)星對中國太空事業(yè)發(fā)展的影響, 最后一段更是揭示了這一主題。
Ⅲ. 答案:1~5. DACFE
1.在發(fā)射升空26分鐘后, 衛(wèi)星和火箭分離, 然后被成功送到地球同步轉(zhuǎn)移軌道。
2. The passage tells us that the achievement our country has achieved in the satellite launch and the importance of the new satellite we launched in space exploration.