5. give out散發(fā); 用光, 耗盡; 分發(fā) 【填一填?激活思維】觀察句子, 寫(xiě)出黑體部分的含義。 ①The flowers in the garden give out pleasant smell. (

　　) ②When my boy made the same mistake again, my patience

　　gave out. (

　　) ③After climbing up the mountain, I gave out. (

　　) ④In order to go to school, the 7-year-old boy made money

　　by giving out leaflets in the street. (

　　) 散發(fā) 用光, 耗盡 筋疲力盡 分發(fā) 【記一記?構(gòu)建知識(shí)】 give away 贈(zèng)送; (無(wú)意間)泄露 give up 　放棄; 戒掉 give in (to sb. )(對(duì)某人)讓步; 屈服

　　give off　放出; 散發(fā)出(氣味、熱、光等) *(2024·遼寧高考)We have given away half of what we owned through websites.

　　我們已經(jīng)把我們所擁有的一半通過(guò)網(wǎng)站贈(zèng)送了出去。 6. He or she will enjoy a feeling of happiness and a sense of

　　achievement upon reaching the top.

　　一到達(dá)山頂, 他/她就能體驗(yàn)到一種幸福感和成就感。 【填一填?激活思維】句型轉(zhuǎn)換。 ①As soon as I arrived, I went to see my former teacher.

　　→________ ___ ______, I went to see my former teacher.

　　②As soon as they heard the scream, all rushed out to see

　　what was happening.

　　→________ _______ the scream, all rushed out to see what

　　was happening.

　　Upon/On my arrival Upon/On hearing 【記一記?構(gòu)建知識(shí)】 (1)upon/on +n. /doing = as soon as一……就……。 (2)其他表示“一……就……”的表達(dá):

　?、贂r(shí)間名詞: the moment/instant/minute/second (that). . . 。其后的that經(jīng)常省略, moment等詞前可以用very等形容詞修飾。

　　②連詞: no sooner. . . than. . . , hardly (或scarcely). . . when(或before). . . ; as soon as(從句中不得使用將來(lái)時(shí)態(tài))。 ③副詞immediately, directly, instantly ④介詞at+名詞 注意: no sooner. . . than. . . , hardly (或scarcely). . . when(或before). . . 主句多用過(guò)去完成時(shí); 用于句首要部分倒裝。 *I have to go to Dallas the moment the meeting finishes.

　　會(huì)議一結(jié)束, 我就得去達(dá)拉斯。

　　*No sooner/Hardly had she said it than/when she realized her mistake.

　　話剛一說(shuō)出口, 她就認(rèn)識(shí)到自己錯(cuò)了。 *I started immediately I got your letter.

　　我一接到你的信就動(dòng)身了。

　　*At the thought of being sent to prison, he shook with fear.

　　他一想到被送進(jìn)監(jiān)獄就嚇得發(fā)抖。 3. disadvantage n. 缺點(diǎn); 不利因素, 障礙 【填一填?激活思維】用適當(dāng)?shù)慕樵~填空。 ①Because of the Internet, the radio media is now __ a

　　disadvantage.

　　由于因特網(wǎng), 無(wú)線電媒體現(xiàn)在處于不利地位。 ②___ her disadvantage, the dancer is not enough tall.

　　對(duì)這位舞蹈演員不利的是她身高不夠。 ③Younger learners have an advantage ____ the old in

　　learning a language.

　　在學(xué)習(xí)語(yǔ)言上較年輕的學(xué)習(xí)者比年長(zhǎng)者有優(yōu)勢(shì)。 at To over 【記一記?構(gòu)建知識(shí)】 (1)at a disadvantage 　 處于不利地位 to one’s disadvantage/to the disadvantage of sb.

　　對(duì)某人不利 (2)advantage 　

　　n. 優(yōu)勢(shì); 利益; 有利條件 take advantage of 利用 have an advantage over勝過(guò) *I might take advantage of the cheap fares to go and visit my brother.

　　我可能會(huì)趁車費(fèi)便宜的時(shí)候去拜訪我哥哥。 *His inability to speak English put him at a disadvantage.

　　他不會(huì)說(shuō)英語(yǔ), 這使他很吃虧。 4. accuse vt. 控訴, 控告; 譴責(zé) 【填一填?激活思維】 ①Her assistant ____ _______ __ theft by the police.

　　她的助手被警方指控犯有盜竊罪。 ②He ____ _______ __ a murderer but released innocently.

　　他曾經(jīng)被控告為殺人犯, 但被無(wú)罪釋放。

　　was accused of was accused as 【記一記?構(gòu)建知識(shí)】 accuse sb. of (doing) sth. 　控告/指責(zé)某人(做了)某事 accuse sb. as控告某人為…… the accused

　　被告 【辨一辨?明晰異同】 accuse “指控, 控訴”, 語(yǔ)氣比blame強(qiáng), 指責(zé)或指控某人的過(guò)錯(cuò)或罪行, 可用于一般意義上的指責(zé)或責(zé)難, 也可用于法律意義上的指控或控告。常用結(jié)構(gòu): accuse sb. of (doing) sth.

　　charge “指責(zé); 指控, 控告”, 語(yǔ)氣比accuse強(qiáng), 多指較嚴(yán)重的錯(cuò)誤或罪行, 而且往往向法庭提出正式起訴。常用結(jié)構(gòu): charge sb. with sth.

　　blame “責(zé)怪, 指責(zé), 歸咎于”, 指由于錯(cuò)誤、過(guò)失而指責(zé)別人, 側(cè)重指對(duì)產(chǎn)生的不良后果負(fù)有責(zé)任。常用結(jié)構(gòu): be to blame for sth. ; blame sb. for sth. ; blame sth. on sb.

　　【拓展延伸】動(dòng)詞+sb. +of+sth.

　　remind sb. of sth. 　 使某人想起某事 rob sb. of sth.

　　搶劫某人某物 inform sb. of sth. 　 通知某人某事 warn sb. of sth. 警告某人某事 cure sb. of sth. 治療某人的疾病 suspect sb. of sth. 　懷疑某人某事 5. escape vi. & vt. 逃跑, 逃離, 逃脫; 避免, 避開(kāi); 被遺忘,

　　被忽視 n. 逃離, 逃脫 【填一填?激活思維】 ①A prisoner has _______ _____ a jail in northern England.

　　一名囚犯從英格蘭北部的一所監(jiān)獄中逃跑。 ②We were lucky to ______ _____ ________.

　　我們很幸運(yùn), 沒(méi)有受罰。 escaped from escape being punished 【記一記?構(gòu)建知識(shí)】 escape from 從……逃走; 逃脫, 逃跑 escape doing sth. 逃脫做某事 escape one’s notice/attention 　 逃過(guò)某人的注意 have a narrow escape

　　僥幸逃脫, 九死一生 *Unexpectedly, the soldier could have a narrow escape from death. 這名戰(zhàn)士能夠死里逃生, 是人們沒(méi)有想到的。 【猜一猜?熟詞生義】觀察句子, 寫(xiě)出黑體部分的含義。 ①Seeing the poisonous gas escaping from the broken pipe,

　　he sounded the alarm. (

　　) ②The matter has quite escaped my memory. (

　　) 漏出, 滲出, 溢出 被忘掉 【核心短語(yǔ)】 6. add to使增強(qiáng), 使增加, 使擴(kuò)大 【填一填?激活思維】用add的適當(dāng)短語(yǔ)填空。 ①(2024·天津高考)Getting close to nature _____ __ the joy of

　　life. 接近自然增添了生活的樂(lè)趣。 ②If the tea is too strong, ____ some water __ it.

　　如果茶太濃, 就加點(diǎn)水。 ③Please ____ all the figures ___, and you will get the total.

　　請(qǐng)把這些數(shù)字加起來(lái), 你就會(huì)得到總數(shù)。 ④For a hit show, profits can ____ ___ __ millions of dollars.

　　一場(chǎng)熱門(mén)演出的利潤(rùn)可達(dá)數(shù)百萬(wàn)美元。 adds to add to add up add up to 【記一記?構(gòu)建知識(shí)】 add up 　

　　合計(jì), 把(數(shù)目)加起來(lái) add up to 　 加起來(lái)等于, 總計(jì)達(dá)到 add. . . to. . . 把……增加到…… *(2024·福建高考)Call immediately to add these Silver Eagles to your holdings before it’s too late. 趁還來(lái)得及的時(shí)候, 馬上打電話把這些銀鷹添加到你的收藏中吧。 【看一看?巧學(xué)助記】

　　　add. . . to. . .　 add up to 7. put forward 提出, 提議; 把……提前; 撥快(鐘等); 推薦 【填一填?激活思維】 觀察句子, 寫(xiě)出黑體部分的含義。 ①He put his watch forward to avoid being late for the meeting.

　　　(　) ②The women’s final has been put forward to 2: 00 pm. (

　　) ③Chairman Xi put forward proposals that we should save

　　every coin. (

　　) ④We put Mary forward to compete for the champion. (

　　) 撥快 提前 提出 推薦 【記一記?構(gòu)建知識(shí)】 put away　

　　把……收起, 整理; 儲(chǔ)蓄 put aside　

　　把……放到一邊; 暫不考慮 put on

　　穿上; 上演; 增加 put off

　　推遲, 延期 put up with

　　忍受 *I’m just going to put the car away.

　　我正打算把車開(kāi)進(jìn)車庫(kù)。 *They’ve had to put off their wedding until September.

　　他們只得把婚期推遲到九月。 8. hold on to緊緊抓住; 堅(jiān)持, 不放棄 　保留; 依靠, 控制 【填一填?激活思維】 觀察句子, 寫(xiě)出黑體部分的含義。 ①I(mǎi)f we believe something was true, we should hold on to it.

　　(　) ②Mr Smith told me to hold on to my oil shares. (　) ③Hold on to my arm on this icy surface．(　) 堅(jiān)持 保留 抓牢 ④I was so frightened that I had to hold on to myself not to

　　scream．(　) ⑤With all his family members gone, he had no one to hold

　　on to. (　) 控制 依靠 【記一記?構(gòu)建知識(shí)】 hold back　 阻止; 抑制; 隱瞞; 退縮 hold on 不掛斷電話, 等一下; 堅(jiān)持 hold up 舉起; 耽擱, 延遲 hold out堅(jiān)持; 伸出; 維持 *Continuous violence could hold up progress towards reform.

　　持續(xù)的暴力活動(dòng)可能會(huì)耽擱改革的進(jìn)程。 【經(jīng)典句式】 9. Not only will he or she feel every step of climbing Mount Qomolangma, but the user will also experience the cold, smells, sights and sounds of the surrounding environment.

　　使用者不僅能感受到攀登珠穆朗瑪峰的每一步的艱辛, 還能體驗(yàn)到周圍環(huán)境的寒冷、氣味、景觀和聲音。 【填一填?激活思維】仿寫(xiě)句子。 ①He likes not only English but also Chinese.

　　=_________________________, but also Chinese． 他不但喜歡英語(yǔ), 也喜歡漢語(yǔ)。 ②He not only turned up late, but also forgot to take the books.

　　=________________________, but he also forgot to take the

　　books.

　　他不但來(lái)晚了, 而且忘了帶書(shū)。 Not only does he like English Not only did he turn up late 【記一記?構(gòu)建知識(shí)】 (1)not only提到句首, 其所在分句要用部分倒裝。 (2)not only A but also B=B as well as A。 (3)not only. . . but also. . . 連接并列主語(yǔ)時(shí), 謂語(yǔ)遵循“就近原則”。 (4)but also中的but可省去; but also也可換為but. . . as well。

　　*Not only I but also she likes pop music.

　　不但我喜歡流行音樂(lè), 而且她也喜歡。 *This book is not only interesting (but) also instructive． =This book is instructive as well as interesting.

　　這本書(shū)不僅有趣, 而且有教育意義。 【要點(diǎn)拾遺】 1. fade vi. 逐漸消失; (使)變淡; 走下坡路, 衰落 【填一填?激活思維】觀察句子, 寫(xiě)出黑體部分的含義。 ①All colors faded—especially under the impact of direct

　　sunlight. (　) ②With the sun setting in the west, the light in the room

　　began to fade gradually. (　) ③Not given enough care, the roses faded after three days.

　　(　) ④All memory of the childhood faded from her mind.

　　(　) 退色, 失去光澤 逐漸變暗; 逐漸變?nèi)?枯萎, 衰敗 逐漸消失, 消逝 【記一記?構(gòu)建知識(shí)】 fade away 衰弱, 病重死亡 fade in/out(畫(huà)面)淡入/出; (聲音)漸強(qiáng)/弱 *In the last weeks of her life she simply faded away.

　　她在生命的最后幾個(gè)星期已是油盡燈枯了。 2. function vi. 起作用; 正常運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn) 　n. 作用, 功能; 職能 【填一填?激活思維】 ①On weekdays, one third of the room ________ __ workspace.

　　在工作日, 房間的1/3用作辦公區(qū)域。 ②____ ________ __ the project is to protect the wild animals in this area. 該項(xiàng)目的作用是保護(hù)該地區(qū)的野生動(dòng)物。 functions as The function of 【記一記?構(gòu)建知識(shí)】 (1)function as　

　　擔(dān)任……, 起……作用, 具有……的功能 perform a function 　起作用, 發(fā)揮職能 (2)functionaladj. 實(shí)用的; 運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)的 *The main function of the investment bank is to raise capital for industry. It performs the function of promoting the development of the local industry.

　　投資銀行的主要作用是為企業(yè)籌集資金。它起著促進(jìn)當(dāng)?shù)禺a(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展的作用。 3. convenience n. 方便, 便利; 便利的設(shè)施或用具 【填一填?激活思維】 ①We bought this house ___ ___________; it’s near the shops

　　and railway station.

　　為了方便起見(jiàn)我們買(mǎi)了這座房子, 它靠近商店和火車站。 ②Can you telephone me __ _____ ___________ to arrange the

　　meeting?

　　在你方便的時(shí)候能給我打電話安排一下會(huì)面嗎?

　　for convenience at your convenience 【記一記?構(gòu)建知識(shí)】 (1)for convenience 　為了方便 at one’s convenience 在某人方便的時(shí)候 (2)convenient 　adj. 方便的; 便利的 it is convenient for sb. to do sth. 　 某人方便做某事 *The family thought it was more convenient to eat in the kitchen. 這家人認(rèn)為在廚房吃飯更方便。 *When it is convenient for you, come and see us.

　　當(dāng)你方便的時(shí)候, 過(guò)來(lái)看看我們。 4. impression n. 印象; 感想 【填一填?激活思維】 ①He has told me his plans and he’s _____ __ _____ __________

　　___ me. 他告訴了我他的計(jì)劃, 給我留下了一個(gè)好印象。 ②___ ____ __________ __ her is that she is friendly.

　　我對(duì)她的第一印象是她很友好。 made a good impression My first impression of on 【記一記?構(gòu)建知識(shí)】 (1)make/leave/have an impression on sb.

　　　給某人留下印象 first impression 第一印象 (2)impress　 　 vt. 給……留下印象; 使欽佩;

　　使……銘記; 使意識(shí)到 impress sb. with sth. 　

　　給某人留下深刻印象 impress sth. on sb.

　　使某人銘記……; 讓某人意識(shí)

　　到……的重要性 (3)impressive 　adj. 令人敬佩的; 令人贊嘆的 (4)impressed 　 adj. 印象深刻的 be impressed by/with. . .

　　被……打動(dòng); 對(duì)……留下印象 * I was deeply impressed by his speech.

　　他的演說(shuō)給我留下深刻的印象。 *The teacher impressed the importance of speaking on his students.

　　老師讓學(xué)生銘記演說(shuō)的重要性。 Unit 3 Tomorrow’s world 【話題詞匯】 1. accomplish

　　v. 完成; 實(shí)現(xiàn) 2. research 　

　　v. & n. 研究 3. explore v. 勘查, 探索, 探究 4. promotev. 促進(jìn), 推進(jìn); 提升

　　5. exploit

　　v. 開(kāi)發(fā), 利用, 開(kāi)拓 6. replace v. 取代, 更換 7. artificial 　

　　adj. 人工的; 人造的 8. advanced 　

　　adj. 先進(jìn)的; 高級(jí)的 9. digital 　adj. 數(shù)字的; 數(shù)碼的 10. electronic 　adj. 電子的 11. scientific 　

　　adj. 科學(xué)的 12. intelligence

　　n. 情報(bào); 智力 13. technology

　　n. 技術(shù) 14. achievement n. 成績(jī); 成就 15. robot 　n. 機(jī)器人 16. apply (. . . ) to 　

　　應(yīng)用 17. bring about 帶來(lái) 【經(jīng)典語(yǔ)篇】 未來(lái)的生活不同于現(xiàn)在的生活, 請(qǐng)以“Life in the Future”為題, 根據(jù)以下要點(diǎn)寫(xiě)一篇100～120個(gè)詞的作文。 要點(diǎn): 1. 隨著醫(yī)學(xué)的發(fā)展, 人類的平均壽命將會(huì)達(dá)到120歲。

　　2. 由于新能源的出現(xiàn), 污染問(wèn)題將得到控制。 3. 人們的日常生活也將有很大的變化。如機(jī)器人可以為你做家務(wù); 椅子的顏色也能夠隨著你所穿的衣服而改變; 手機(jī)可以戴在手腕上, 通話時(shí)可以看到對(duì)方; 可以乘坐新型的電梯進(jìn)入太空度假。 參考詞匯: 手腕wrist Life in the Future ［提出觀點(diǎn)］Life in the future will be different from that of today.

　?。叟e例說(shuō)明］Firstly, with the development of the medical science, the life span of people can be as long as 120 years old on the average since the advanced medical idea provides people with scientific lifestyle, including the reasonable eating and sleep. Secondly, because of the discovery of new energy, the environmental pollution will be controlled. Thirdly, the daily life of people will change a lot. For example, robots will do all the housework for you; the color of your chair will change to match what you are wearing; the mobile phone can be worn on the wrist just as a watch and you can see the caller while speaking. What’s more surprising, you can take the new lift to space for your holidays.

　　【厚積薄發(fā)】 Ⅰ. 完成句子 (1)人們相信在未來(lái)人類在人工智能方面會(huì)取得更大的成就。 It is believed that man can __________ greater ____________

　　in ________ __________ in the future.

　　(2)電子技術(shù)在生活中的應(yīng)用越來(lái)越廣泛。 _________ __________ is _______ __ life more and more widely.