課時(shí)規(guī)范訓(xùn)練(單獨(dú)成冊(cè))

　　訓(xùn)練(十八)

　　Ⅰ.閱讀理解

　　閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)(A、B、C、D)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。

　　A

　　初中學(xué)習(xí)網(wǎng)Imagine cleaning leaves on Christmas，or sweeping snow on Memorial Day.What about going for a swim on Thanksgiving?

　　Without leap day，which takes place every four years，that could happen.“If we didn’t have leap years，our calendar would be totally scrambled (攪亂)，” says Geoff Chester of the U．S.Naval Observatory in Washington D．C.，the nation’s official timekeepers.

　　Our calendar is normally 365 days long.It was created to match the cycles of the seasons.But Roman Dictator Julius Caesar noticed a problem：The Earth doesn’t circle the sun in exactly 365 days.It actually takes about 365.2422 days.He figured out that the extra fraction of a day would cause the calendar to grow apart from the seasons over time.Over 100 years，the seasons would shift about 24 days.Spring would start on April 13 instead of March 20.

　　Caesar used math to figure out a way to stop the calendar from shifting.He decided to add an extra day to the month of February every four years.His idea helped keep the seasons and calendar matched up.Even so，it still wasn’t perfect.

　　In 1582，Pope Gregory XIII worked on Caesar’s idea.His calendar，called the Gregorian calendar，dictates that every year that is evenly divided by 4 is a leap year.Turn-of-the-century years，or years ending in “00，” would not be leap years unless they could be divided evenly by 400.This helps keep the calendar in balance with the orbit of the Earth.Today，we still use the Gregorian calendar.In about 3,000 years，the calendar will be only one day out of step with the seasons.It’s still not perfect，but mathematicians decided it was as close as we could get.

　　So what happens when someone is born on leap day? Do they celebrate their birthdays each year，or do they instead have to wait four years to age? Statistics show that in non-leap years，about 80 percent still celebrate their birthdays in February，rather than on March 1.

　　【解題導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】　本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，屬于科普類(lèi)短文閱讀。文章主要介紹了閏日的作用和設(shè)置閏日的科學(xué)依據(jù)。

　　1．Paragraph 1 is written to

　　.

　　A．describe an amazing place

　　B．give readers some suggestions

　　C．offer basic knowledge of the topic

　　D．a(chǎn)ttract readers’ attention to the topic

　　解析：選D。寫(xiě)作目的題。由第二段中的“Without leap day...that could happen.”可知，第一段所描述的場(chǎng)景是歷法中如果不設(shè)置閏日的話(huà)會(huì)出現(xiàn)的混亂局面。故作者寫(xiě)第一段是為了將讀者的注意力吸引到本文的話(huà)題——閏日來(lái)。

　　2．Leap day is needed mainly because of the fact that

　　.

　　A．there are 24 hours in one day

　　初中學(xué)習(xí)網(wǎng)B．a(chǎn) year is divided into four seasons

　　C．the Earth doesn’t circle the sun at a constant speed

　　D．the Earth doesn’t circle the sun in exactly 365 days

　　解析：選D。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第三段中的“The Earth doesn’t circle the sun in exactly 365 days...the extra fraction of a day would cause the calendar to grow apart from the seasons over time.”可知答案為D。

　　3．We can learn that the Gregorian calendar

　　.

　　A．is a perfect calendar

　　B．was created 500 years ago

　　C．is based on Julius Caesar’s idea

　　D．was once questioned by mathematicians

　　解析：選C。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第五段首句可知，現(xiàn)今普遍使用的Gregorian calendar是在Caesar的歷法的基礎(chǔ)上做了改進(jìn)。

　　4．According to the text，which of the following is a leap year?

　　高中學(xué)習(xí)網(wǎng) www.gkxx.comA．1900. B．2000.

　　C．2002. D．2024.

　　解析：選B。推理判斷題。由第五段可知，能被4整除的年份才是閏年，但世紀(jì)之交年能被400整除才叫閏年。故B項(xiàng)正確。

　　B

　　初中學(xué)習(xí)網(wǎng)(2024·河南高考前全真模擬)Chinese railway experts have begun talks on building a record-breaking high-speed rail that will connect Inner Mongolia in the north to Hainan in the south.

　　According to the Shaanxi Development and Reform Commission，the proposed line will operate at a speed of 350 kilometers per hour.

　　Beginning in Inner Mongolia’s Baotou and running through southern Shaanxi，Hubei，Hunan，Guangxi and Guangdong，its final stop would be in Haikou on Hainan Island，China’s southernmost province.

　　Though the exact length of the proposed route has not been released，it will likely become the world’s longest high-speed rail line as the journey by road between Baotou and Haikou is about 3,000 kilometers long.Currently，the world’s longest high-speed rail line is almost 2,300 kilometers long，running from Beijing to Guangzhou.

　　The proposed rail is part of China’s aim to create another “Silk Road of the 21st century” and improve the country’s transportation network while driving land development and urbanization in some provincial areas.

　　Many of the provinces through which the high-speed trains will travel are near major bodies of water，such as the Yellow River in Inner Mongolia and Shaanxi，the Yangtze River in Hubei and the south China sea，where the line would end.These high-speed trains will also take passengers to popular tourist destinations including Zhangjiajie，Xi’an，Guilin and minority areas in western Hunan and Hubei.

　　“The country is now shifting its focus and investing in the western regions and economically unenlightened areas，making up for China’s long debt to these areas，” Tan Yuzhi，professor of the School of Economics and Management at Hubei University for Nationalities，told local media.“The project will significantly narrow regional disparities (差異) and solve minority issues.”

　　However，Deng Hongbing，director of China University of Geosciences’ Center for Regional Economic and Investment Center，said that if the north-to-south railway is to be constructed，there needs to be a sound ecological program in place to ensure the protection of these undeveloped and ecologically sensitive areas.

　　【解題導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】　本文屬于時(shí)文報(bào)道類(lèi)短文閱讀。據(jù)悉中國(guó)將建設(shè)一條從包頭到海口的高鐵線(xiàn)路，這條線(xiàn)路途經(jīng)多個(gè)省份。一旦建成，它可能成為世界上最長(zhǎng)的高鐵線(xiàn)路。

　　1．What is the passage mainly talking about?

　　A．China has decided to invest in the western areas.

　　B．Another high-speed rail line is being planned.

　　C．The train will speed up to 350 kilometers per hour.

　　D．China has built the best high-speed rail line.

　　解析：選B。主旨大意題。這是一篇資訊報(bào)道，文章講述了中國(guó)計(jì)劃建設(shè)一條高鐵線(xiàn)路。由第一段中的“Chinese railway experts have begun talks on building a record-breaking high-speed rail”可知，該線(xiàn)路正在計(jì)劃中。

　　2．Once the high-speed rail line is built，

　　.

　　A．it will be the second longest high-speed rail line in China

　　B．it will benefit the areas that it runs through a lot

　　C．it will only transport goods

　　D．it will do good to the environment alongside the line

　　解析：選B。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第六段的尾句可知，一旦這條高鐵線(xiàn)路建成，他會(huì)帶動(dòng)沿途省市的旅游業(yè)的發(fā)展。

　　3．What does the underlined part mean in the seventh paragraph?

　　A．Developed areas. B．Undeveloped areas.

　　C．Productive areas. D．Agricultural areas.

　　解析：選B。詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中的“making up for China’s long debt to these areas”可知，此處應(yīng)指落后地區(qū)或貧困地區(qū)。

　　4．It can be inferred from the last paragraph that

　　.

　　A．you cannot have your cake and eat it

　　B．where there is a will，there is a way

　　C．a(chǎn)ll things are easy that are done willingly

　　D．it is as well to know which way the wind blows

　　解析：選A。推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容可知，中國(guó)地質(zhì)大學(xué)的鄧宏兵主任擔(dān)心這條線(xiàn)路開(kāi)發(fā)后沿途的環(huán)境被破壞。由此可知選項(xiàng)為A。you cannot have your cake and eat it“魚(yú)與熊掌不可兼得”。

　　Ⅱ.語(yǔ)法填空

　　閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容(1個(gè)單詞)或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。

　　The truth 1.

　　trees are vital to our life is not a secret.They provide us with food，wood and most 2.

　　(important)，oxygen.Now there is one more thing we can add to this list—blocking out harmful bacteria from water.

　　The discovery 3.

　　(make) by a team 4.

　　(consist) of scientists from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) and high school students 5.

　　were seeking a natural water filter—one that would help communities in developing countries that do not have 6.

　　(accessible) to modern water filter systems.

　　The 7.

　　(research)，led by Professor Rohit Karnik，decided to turn to trees for help because they could allow liquid to flow through，while blocking out air bubbles.

　　學(xué)習(xí)網(wǎng)They began by cutting 1.5-inch-wide sections of tree bark from the branches of a white pine tree.The people related then tested the wood’s filtering ability by pouring water containing red dye particles of different sizes through.8.

　　their amazement，they found that it was effective in trapping all the articles.9.

　　(encourage)，the team conducted 10.

　　experiment，this time with water that contained bacteria.Sure enough，the sapwood held back 99% of the bacteria，allowing only 1% to flow through.

　　高中學(xué)習(xí)網(wǎng) www.gkxx.com【解題導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】　本文屬于科教類(lèi)短文。樹(shù)對(duì)于我們的生活很重要，這已經(jīng)不是秘密。一隊(duì)科學(xué)家對(duì)樹(shù)進(jìn)行了研究，又有了新的發(fā)現(xiàn)。

　　1．that。考查同位語(yǔ)從句。句意：樹(shù)對(duì)我們很重要，這個(gè)事實(shí)不是秘密。故填that。

　　2．importantly。考查副詞。副詞修飾整個(gè)句子。句意：最重要的是，他們提供給我們食物、木材和氧氣。故填importantly。

　　3．was made。考查被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。The discovery與make之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，又是過(guò)去的事情。故填was made。

　　4．consisting。考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：由科學(xué)家組成的一隊(duì)人。consist of “由……組成”，無(wú)被動(dòng)形式，現(xiàn)在分詞作定語(yǔ)。故填consisting。

　　5．who。考查定語(yǔ)從句引導(dǎo)詞。high school students為先行詞，指人，后面是定語(yǔ)從句，缺少引導(dǎo)詞，從句缺少主語(yǔ)。故填who。

　　6．a(chǎn)ccess。考查固定搭配。have access to“……進(jìn)入的方法”，為固定搭配。故填access。

　　7．researchers。考查名詞復(fù)數(shù)。此處研究者指前面提到的一隊(duì)科學(xué)家，應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)形式。故填researchers。

　　8．To。考查固定搭配。to one’s amazement“使某人吃驚的是”，為固定搭配，開(kāi)頭應(yīng)大寫(xiě)。故填To。

　　9．Encouraged。考查被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。the team和encourage之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，意為“被受到鼓舞”。故填Encouraged。

　　10．a(chǎn)nother。考查代詞。句意：這隊(duì)人受到鼓舞，他們又指導(dǎo)另一個(gè)實(shí)驗(yàn)。故填another。

　　學(xué)習(xí)網(wǎng)Ⅲ.短文改錯(cuò)

　　假定英語(yǔ)課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請(qǐng)你修改你同桌寫(xiě)的以下作文。文中共有10處語(yǔ)言錯(cuò)誤，每句中最多有兩處。每處錯(cuò)誤僅涉及一個(gè)單詞的增加、刪除或修改。

　　增加：在缺詞處加一個(gè)漏字符號(hào)(∧)，并在其下面寫(xiě)出該加的詞。

　　刪除：把多余的詞用斜線(xiàn)()劃掉。

　　修改：在錯(cuò)的詞下劃一橫線(xiàn)，并在該詞下面寫(xiě)出修改后的詞。

　　注意：1.每處錯(cuò)誤及其修改均僅限一詞；

　　2．只允許修改10處，多者(從第11處起)不計(jì)分。

　　One rainy night I was driven along a lonely highway.Ahead of me，I saw a man walking rapid along the sides of the road.It was pouring rain and I slowed down to avoid splash him as I went by.He misunderstood，but，I left quickly for fear.Suddenly，all fear was been gone and I backed up and unlocked my car door.His truck had got stuck in the mud.She had been walking for miles.No one would pick him up and his wife is in the hospital in labor with their first child！He had cried at the thought that he might be there.We arrived at the hospital moments before his son was born!

　　答案：

　　One rainy night I was

　　along a lonely highway.Ahead of me，I saw a man walking

　　along the

　　of the road.It was pouring rain and I slowed down to avoid

　　him as I went by.He misunderstood，，I left quickly

　　fear.Suddenly，all fear was been gone and I backed up and unlocked my car door.His truck had got stuck in the mud. had been walking for miles.No one would pick him up and his wife

　　in the hospital in labor with their first child！He had cried at the thought that he might

　　be there.We arrived at the hospital moments before his son was born!

　　Ⅳ.小寫(xiě)作

　　【寫(xiě)作素材】

　　1．在寒冷的一天，市政府就是否把追溯到1 000年前的古廟移走并在那兒建個(gè)公園展開(kāi)討論。(freezing；date back to；remove)

　　2．一些人認(rèn)為這樣做有道理，因?yàn)樗麄冋J(rèn)為只有將古廟移走建個(gè)公園，改善生活的夢(mèng)想才能變成現(xiàn)實(shí)。(make sense；dream of；come true)

　　3．另一些人試圖阻止，因?yàn)樗麄冋J(rèn)為這座古廟值得保護(hù)，而且把如此龐大的歷史建筑移走是荒唐的。(hold back)

　　4．最后，他們不得不終止討論。(bring an end to)

　　One possible version：

　　On a freezing cold day，the city government held a discussion on whether to remove the old temple dating back to 1,000 years ago and build a park there.Some people thought it made sense to do so because they thought only in this way could their dream of improving life come true，while others tried to hold it back because they thought this old temple deserved protecting.What’s more，removing the enormous historic construction was ridiculous.At last，they had to bring an end to the discussion.

　　課時(shí)規(guī)范訓(xùn)練(單獨(dú)成冊(cè))

　　訓(xùn)練(十八)

　　Ⅰ.閱讀理解

　　閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)(A、B、C、D)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。

　　A

　　初中學(xué)習(xí)網(wǎng)Imagine cleaning leaves on Christmas，or sweeping snow on Memorial Day.What about going for a swim on Thanksgiving?

　　Without leap day，which takes place every four years，that could happen.“If we didn’t have leap years，our calendar would be totally scrambled (攪亂)，” says Geoff Chester of the U．S.Naval Observatory in Washington D．C.，the nation’s official timekeepers.

　　Our calendar is normally 365 days long.It was created to match the cycles of the seasons.But Roman Dictator Julius Caesar noticed a problem：The Earth doesn’t circle the sun in exactly 365 days.It actually takes about 365.2422 days.He figured out that the extra fraction of a day would cause the calendar to grow apart from the seasons over time.Over 100 years，the seasons would shift about 24 days.Spring would start on April 13 instead of March 20.

　　Caesar used math to figure out a way to stop the calendar from shifting.He decided to add an extra day to the month of February every four years.His idea helped keep the seasons and calendar matched up.Even so，it still wasn’t perfect.

　　In 1582，Pope Gregory XIII worked on Caesar’s idea.His calendar，called the Gregorian calendar，dictates that every year that is evenly divided by 4 is a leap year.Turn-of-the-century years，or years ending in “00，” would not be leap years unless they could be divided evenly by 400.This helps keep the calendar in balance with the orbit of the Earth.Today，we still use the Gregorian calendar.In about 3,000 years，the calendar will be only one day out of step with the seasons.It’s still not perfect，but mathematicians decided it was as close as we could get.

　　So what happens when someone is born on leap day? Do they celebrate their birthdays each year，or do they instead have to wait four years to age? Statistics show that in non-leap years，about 80 percent still celebrate their birthdays in February，rather than on March 1.

　　【解題導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】　本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，屬于科普類(lèi)短文閱讀。文章主要介紹了閏日的作用和設(shè)置閏日的科學(xué)依據(jù)。

　　1．Paragraph 1 is written to

　　.

　　A．describe an amazing place

　　B．give readers some suggestions

　　C．offer basic knowledge of the topic

　　D．a(chǎn)ttract readers’ attention to the topic

　　解析：選D。寫(xiě)作目的題。由第二段中的“Without leap day...that could happen.”可知，第一段所描述的場(chǎng)景是歷法中如果不設(shè)置閏日的話(huà)會(huì)出現(xiàn)的混亂局面。故作者寫(xiě)第一段是為了將讀者的注意力吸引到本文的話(huà)題——閏日來(lái)。

　　2．Leap day is needed mainly because of the fact that

　　.

　　A．there are 24 hours in one day

　　初中學(xué)習(xí)網(wǎng)B．a(chǎn) year is divided into four seasons

　　C．the Earth doesn’t circle the sun at a constant speed

　　D．the Earth doesn’t circle the sun in exactly 365 days

　　解析：選D。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第三段中的“The Earth doesn’t circle the sun in exactly 365 days...the extra fraction of a day would cause the calendar to grow apart from the seasons over time.”可知答案為D。

　　3．We can learn that the Gregorian calendar

　　.

　　A．is a perfect calendar

　　B．was created 500 years ago

　　C．is based on Julius Caesar’s idea

　　D．was once questioned by mathematicians

　　解析：選C。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第五段首句可知，現(xiàn)今普遍使用的Gregorian calendar是在Caesar的歷法的基礎(chǔ)上做了改進(jìn)。

　　4．According to the text，which of the following is a leap year?

　　高中學(xué)習(xí)網(wǎng) www.gkxx.comA．1900. B．2000.

　　C．2002. D．2024.

　　解析：選B。推理判斷題。由第五段可知，能被4整除的年份才是閏年，但世紀(jì)之交年能被400整除才叫閏年。故B項(xiàng)正確。

　　B

　　初中學(xué)習(xí)網(wǎng)(2024·河南高考前全真模擬)Chinese railway experts have begun talks on building a record-breaking high-speed rail that will connect Inner Mongolia in the north to Hainan in the south.

　　According to the Shaanxi Development and Reform Commission，the proposed line will operate at a speed of 350 kilometers per hour.

　　Beginning in Inner Mongolia’s Baotou and running through southern Shaanxi，Hubei，Hunan，Guangxi and Guangdong，its final stop would be in Haikou on Hainan Island，China’s southernmost province.

　　Though the exact length of the proposed route has not been released，it will likely become the world’s longest high-speed rail line as the journey by road between Baotou and Haikou is about 3,000 kilometers long.Currently，the world’s longest high-speed rail line is almost 2,300 kilometers long，running from Beijing to Guangzhou.

　　The proposed rail is part of China’s aim to create another “Silk Road of the 21st century” and improve the country’s transportation network while driving land development and urbanization in some provincial areas.

　　Many of the provinces through which the high-speed trains will travel are near major bodies of water，such as the Yellow River in Inner Mongolia and Shaanxi，the Yangtze River in Hubei and the south China sea，where the line would end.These high-speed trains will also take passengers to popular tourist destinations including Zhangjiajie，Xi’an，Guilin and minority areas in western Hunan and Hubei.

　　“The country is now shifting its focus and investing in the western regions and economically unenlightened areas，making up for China’s long debt to these areas，” Tan Yuzhi，professor of the School of Economics and Management at Hubei University for Nationalities，told local media.“The project will significantly narrow regional disparities (差異) and solve minority issues.”

　　However，Deng Hongbing，director of China University of Geosciences’ Center for Regional Economic and Investment Center，said that if the north-to-south railway is to be constructed，there needs to be a sound ecological program in place to ensure the protection of these undeveloped and ecologically sensitive areas.

　　【解題導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】　本文屬于時(shí)文報(bào)道類(lèi)短文閱讀。據(jù)悉中國(guó)將建設(shè)一條從包頭到海口的高鐵線(xiàn)路，這條線(xiàn)路途經(jīng)多個(gè)省份。一旦建成，它可能成為世界上最長(zhǎng)的高鐵線(xiàn)路。

　　1．What is the passage mainly talking about?

　　A．China has decided to invest in the western areas.

　　B．Another high-speed rail line is being planned.

　　C．The train will speed up to 350 kilometers per hour.

　　D．China has built the best high-speed rail line.

　　解析：選B。主旨大意題。這是一篇資訊報(bào)道，文章講述了中國(guó)計(jì)劃建設(shè)一條高鐵線(xiàn)路。由第一段中的“Chinese railway experts have begun talks on building a record-breaking high-speed rail”可知，該線(xiàn)路正在計(jì)劃中。

　　2．Once the high-speed rail line is built，

　　.

　　A．it will be the second longest high-speed rail line in China

　　B．it will benefit the areas that it runs through a lot

　　C．it will only transport goods

　　D．it will do good to the environment alongside the line

　　解析：選B。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第六段的尾句可知，一旦這條高鐵線(xiàn)路建成，他會(huì)帶動(dòng)沿途省市的旅游業(yè)的發(fā)展。

　　3．What does the underlined part mean in the seventh paragraph?

　　A．Developed areas. B．Undeveloped areas.

　　C．Productive areas. D．Agricultural areas.

　　解析：選B。詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中的“making up for China’s long debt to these areas”可知，此處應(yīng)指落后地區(qū)或貧困地區(qū)。

　　4．It can be inferred from the last paragraph that

　　.

　　A．you cannot have your cake and eat it

　　B．where there is a will，there is a way

　　C．a(chǎn)ll things are easy that are done willingly

　　D．it is as well to know which way the wind blows

　　解析：選A。推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容可知，中國(guó)地質(zhì)大學(xué)的鄧宏兵主任擔(dān)心這條線(xiàn)路開(kāi)發(fā)后沿途的環(huán)境被破壞。由此可知選項(xiàng)為A。you cannot have your cake and eat it“魚(yú)與熊掌不可兼得”。

　　Ⅱ.語(yǔ)法填空

　　閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容(1個(gè)單詞)或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。

　　The truth 1.

　　trees are vital to our life is not a secret.They provide us with food，wood and most 2.

　　(important)，oxygen.Now there is one more thing we can add to this list—blocking out harmful bacteria from water.

　　The discovery 3.

　　(make) by a team 4.

　　(consist) of scientists from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) and high school students 5.

　　were seeking a natural water filter—one that would help communities in developing countries that do not have 6.

　　(accessible) to modern water filter systems.

　　The 7.

　　(research)，led by Professor Rohit Karnik，decided to turn to trees for help because they could allow liquid to flow through，while blocking out air bubbles.

　　學(xué)習(xí)網(wǎng)They began by cutting 1.5-inch-wide sections of tree bark from the branches of a white pine tree.The people related then tested the wood’s filtering ability by pouring water containing red dye particles of different sizes through.8.

　　their amazement，they found that it was effective in trapping all the articles.9.

　　(encourage)，the team conducted 10.

　　experiment，this time with water that contained bacteria.Sure enough，the sapwood held back 99% of the bacteria，allowing only 1% to flow through.

　　高中學(xué)習(xí)網(wǎng) www.gkxx.com【解題導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】　本文屬于科教類(lèi)短文。樹(shù)對(duì)于我們的生活很重要，這已經(jīng)不是秘密。一隊(duì)科學(xué)家對(duì)樹(shù)進(jìn)行了研究，又有了新的發(fā)現(xiàn)。

　　1．that。考查同位語(yǔ)從句。句意：樹(shù)對(duì)我們很重要，這個(gè)事實(shí)不是秘密。故填that。

　　2．importantly。考查副詞。副詞修飾整個(gè)句子。句意：最重要的是，他們提供給我們食物、木材和氧氣。故填importantly。

　　3．was made。考查被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。The discovery與make之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，又是過(guò)去的事情。故填was made。

　　4．consisting。考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：由科學(xué)家組成的一隊(duì)人。consist of “由……組成”，無(wú)被動(dòng)形式，現(xiàn)在分詞作定語(yǔ)。故填consisting。

　　5．who。考查定語(yǔ)從句引導(dǎo)詞。high school students為先行詞，指人，后面是定語(yǔ)從句，缺少引導(dǎo)詞，從句缺少主語(yǔ)。故填who。

　　6．a(chǎn)ccess。考查固定搭配。have access to“……進(jìn)入的方法”，為固定搭配。故填access。

　　7．researchers。考查名詞復(fù)數(shù)。此處研究者指前面提到的一隊(duì)科學(xué)家，應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)形式。故填researchers。

　　8．To。考查固定搭配。to one’s amazement“使某人吃驚的是”，為固定搭配，開(kāi)頭應(yīng)大寫(xiě)。故填To。

　　9．Encouraged。考查被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。the team和encourage之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，意為“被受到鼓舞”。故填Encouraged。

　　10．a(chǎn)nother。考查代詞。句意：這隊(duì)人受到鼓舞，他們又指導(dǎo)另一個(gè)實(shí)驗(yàn)。故填another。

　　學(xué)習(xí)網(wǎng)Ⅲ.短文改錯(cuò)

　　假定英語(yǔ)課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請(qǐng)你修改你同桌寫(xiě)的以下作文。文中共有10處語(yǔ)言錯(cuò)誤，每句中最多有兩處。每處錯(cuò)誤僅涉及一個(gè)單詞的增加、刪除或修改。

　　增加：在缺詞處加一個(gè)漏字符號(hào)(∧)，并在其下面寫(xiě)出該加的詞。

　　刪除：把多余的詞用斜線(xiàn)()劃掉。

　　修改：在錯(cuò)的詞下劃一橫線(xiàn)，并在該詞下面寫(xiě)出修改后的詞。

　　注意：1.每處錯(cuò)誤及其修改均僅限一詞；

　　2．只允許修改10處，多者(從第11處起)不計(jì)分。

　　One rainy night I was driven along a lonely highway.Ahead of me，I saw a man walking rapid along the sides of the road.It was pouring rain and I slowed down to avoid splash him as I went by.He misunderstood，but，I left quickly for fear.Suddenly，all fear was been gone and I backed up and unlocked my car door.His truck had got stuck in the mud.She had been walking for miles.No one would pick him up and his wife is in the hospital in labor with their first child！He had cried at the thought that he might be there.We arrived at the hospital moments before his son was born!

　　答案：

　　One rainy night I was

　　along a lonely highway.Ahead of me，I saw a man walking

　　along the

　　of the road.It was pouring rain and I slowed down to avoid

　　him as I went by.He misunderstood，，I left quickly

　　fear.Suddenly，all fear was been gone and I backed up and unlocked my car door.His truck had got stuck in the mud. had been walking for miles.No one would pick him up and his wife

　　in the hospital in labor with their first child！He had cried at the thought that he might

　　be there.We arrived at the hospital moments before his son was born!

　　Ⅳ.小寫(xiě)作

　　【寫(xiě)作素材】

　　1．在寒冷的一天，市政府就是否把追溯到1 000年前的古廟移走并在那兒建個(gè)公園展開(kāi)討論。(freezing；date back to；remove)

　　2．一些人認(rèn)為這樣做有道理，因?yàn)樗麄冋J(rèn)為只有將古廟移走建個(gè)公園，改善生活的夢(mèng)想才能變成現(xiàn)實(shí)。(make sense；dream of；come true)

　　3．另一些人試圖阻止，因?yàn)樗麄冋J(rèn)為這座古廟值得保護(hù)，而且把如此龐大的歷史建筑移走是荒唐的。(hold back)

　　4．最后，他們不得不終止討論。(bring an end to)

　　One possible version：

　　On a freezing cold day，the city government held a discussion on whether to remove the old temple dating back to 1,000 years ago and build a park there.Some people thought it made sense to do so because they thought only in this way could their dream of improving life come true，while others tried to hold it back because they thought this old temple deserved protecting.What’s more，removing the enormous historic construction was ridiculous.At last，they had to bring an end to the discussion.