完形填空解題步驟

　　(湖南卷)Does going to college really pay off? Certainly!

　　I remember taking __48__ English class in college on the short story. Our first assignment was to read __49__ short stories and then discuss which one was better.After reading both, I wasn't sure. Over the __50__ several months, my professor taught me __51__ one story was so much better than the other. __52__ was rich in metaphor(隱喻)and character development, while the other was humorous __53__ too shallow.

　　3

　　I couldn't see this at first. Yet, in a few months, my brain got reeducated and __54__ could see the difference between good and bad writing and could appreciate literature at a whole new level.

　　Going to college helps build a strong mind, which leads __55__ greater success in one's life.

　　解題的一般步驟是：

　　一、通讀全文，把握語篇。弄清文章的體裁、題材(話題)、寫作主線、段落大意、段落層次等有利于考生真正讀懂全文大意，也有利于在“填空”時進行必要的邏輯推理。

　　二、先易后難，嘗試填空。在通讀全文，基本把握文章大意之后，就可以動手填空了。主觀填空的過程是一個判斷空白處應填詞語的“語義”和正確的語法“形式”的思維過程，要堅持從易到難的原則。根據我們的英語知識積累和語感，有些答案可能不需要過多的思考一眼就能看出來。如有關習慣用語、常用句式等，通常就可在這一步完成。遇到一時想不起來的空，先跳過去，不要用太多的時間停留在一個單詞上。填出容易的詞語后，大意更趨明朗，語境更加清晰，有助于后面的難題的推敲和判斷。

　　三、利用語境，推敲語義。要抓住上下文的內容聯系和邏輯關系，進行多角度，全方位分析，從而準確地判斷所填詞的意義。推敲語義時，不要忽略連接詞、代詞、插入語、轉折詞等的作用。因為這些詞往往是改變語境的關鍵詞，具有因果、讓步、遞進、轉折、指代、列舉、承上啟下的特殊功能。四、復讀全文，確認答案。進行復查是必要的。復查的方法是將填好空的短文從頭至尾通讀一遍，以最后確定答案。這一步要解決兩個問題。第一是從語義和邏輯的角度審視全文，看看所填單詞語義上是否正確和最佳。檢查一下所填單詞是否能使文意上下連貫，前后照應，邏輯順暢，能否自然地融入語篇。第二是從語法的角度審視全文，檢查所填單詞的詞性和詞形的正確性。從語法的角度看看所填詞語詞形變化是否正確。對自我感覺有問題的地方，要仔細揣摩，準確定奪。

　　完形填空（共20小題；每小題1．

　　This year John was overjoyed by the Christmas season．He was ecoming a

　　41

　　．He knew．he might be able to eat on his birthday

　　Christmas day finally came．Entering the big dining hall, John could smell the

　　46

　　aroma（味）of meat．Because of his excitement, he lost his footing, causing a

　　47

　?。甿aster

　　48

　　,

　　"John, leave the hall and there’ll be no

　　49

　　for you this year．" John's heart．would not see his

　　51

　　．rag．"Here John," she sai, "This is for you．" John was

　　53

　　y her innocence as he

　　54

　　the bulge（鼓脹）in her hand．Lifting back the edges of the rag, he saw a big juicy orange all peeled and quartered…and then he

　　55

　　what they had done．Each had

　　56

　　their own orage by sharing“quarter and had created a big beautiful orange for him．

　　John never forgot the love and sharing his friends had shown him that Christmas day．John's beginning was a poor existence;

　　57,his growlhc0 manhood was

　　58

　　by wealth and success． 59

　　hat day, every year he would send oranges to children in orphanages．His desire was that no child would ever spend Cstmas without a（n）

　　60

　　Christmas fruit!

　　41．A．father

　　B．master

　　C．man

　　D．soldier

　　42．A．leave

　　B．ssist

　　C．rebuild

　　D．escape

　　43．A．disappointed

　　B．excited

　　C．annoed

　　D．embarrassed

　　44．A．grauation

　　B．anniversary

　　C．wedding

　　D．irthday

　　45．A．plished

　　B．hid

　　C．preserved

　　D．planted

　　46．A．awul

　　B．srange

　　C．sour

　　D．unusual

　　47．A．disturance

　　B．praise

　　C．loss

　　D．misunderstanding

　　48．A．whisled

　　B．shoued

　　C．whispered

　　D．sighed

　　49．．friend

　　B．toy

　　C．prize

　　D．orange

　　50．A．quietly

　　B．slowly

　　C．violentl

　　D．narrowly

　　51．A．delight

　　B．sorrow

　　C．exciement

　　D．surprise

　　52．A．helped t

　　B．picked out

　　C．held out

　　D．tried out

　　53．A．ouched

　　B．puzzled

　　C．shocked

　　D．amaze54．A．pointed to

　　B．stuck to

　　C．searched for

　　D．reacheor

　　55．A．dered

　　B．realized

　　C．analyzed

　　D．nored

　　56．．collecd

　　B．kept

　　C．sacrificed

　　D．picke57．A．however

　　B．sides

　　C．instead

　　D．herefore

　　58．A．replied

　　B．retued

　　C．reacted

　　D．rewarded

　　59．A．In seah of

　　B．In memor of

　　C．In favor of

　　D．In honor of

　　60．A．common

　　B．expensive

　　C．special

　　D．large

　　完形填空（20×1.5=30）： 41—45 CABDC

　　46—50 DABDC

　　51—55 BCADB

　　56—60 CADBC

　　完形填空-----A

　　Many animals use some kinds of “language”. They use signals(信號) and the signals have meanings. For example, __1

　　a bee has found some food, it goes

　　2

　　its home.

　　3

　　is difficult for a bee to tell

　　__4

　　bees where the food is speaking to them, but it can do a little dancing. This tells the bees where the food is and

　　5

　　it is.

　　Some animals show

　　6

　　they feel by making sounds. It is not difficult to tell if a dog is angry because it barks. Birds make several different sounds and

　　7

　　has its meaning. Sometimes we humans make sounds in the same way. We make sounds like “Oh” to

　　8

　　how we feel about __9__ or we

　　10

　　something on our feet.

　　We humans have languages. We have words. These words have meaning of things, action, feeling or ideas. We are able to __11__ each other information, to tell other people

　　12

　　we think or we feel. By writing down words, we can remember what has happened or

　　13

　　messages to people far away.

　　Languages, like people, live and die. If a language is not used by people, it is called a dead language. This language cannot live and grow because

　　14

　　speaks it.

　　A living language, of course, is often spoken by people today. It grows and changes with time. New words are created, and some old words have

　　15

　　meanings.

　　名師點評

　　這則短文講述的是語言的重要性。無論是何種語言，只要不使用，它將死亡。

　　(C)1. A. because

　　B. since

　　C. when

　　D. as

　　【解析】C。表示”當……的時候”。(D)2. A. out of

　　B. back from

　　C. away from

　　D. back to

　　【解析】D。蜜蜂發現食物會返回蜂窩，通知其它蜜蜂。(A)3. A. It

　　B. This

　　C. That

　　D. He

　　【解析】A。形式主語。(C)4. A. each other

　　B. another

　　C. the other

　　D. others

　　【解析】C。the other bees其它的蜜蜂。(B)5. A. how long

　　B. how far away

　　C. how many

　　D. how old

　　【解析】B。蜜蜂通過跳舞告訴同伴物源有多遠。(C)6. A. why

　　B. which

　　C. how

　　D. what

　　【解析】C。用how作狀語修飾feel。(A)7. A. each

　　B. every

　　C. all

　　D. some

　　【解析】A。根據謂語動詞has應選each.。each指代的是可數名詞sound，所以不能用all或some，而every是形容詞，不能做主語。(A)8. A. show

　　B. say

　　C. talk

　　D. speak

　　【解析】A。用語言來表示自己的感覺，故選show。(B)9. A. everything

　　B. something

　　C. nothing

　　D. anything

　　【解析】B。(B)10. A. put

　　B. drop

　　C. fall

　　D. set

　　【解析】B。ouch表示疼痛，故推測是東西砸到了腳上。Fall是不及物動詞，故不選。(A)11. A. give

　　B. put

　　C. show

　　D. take

　　【解析】A。(A)12. A. that

　　B. which

　　C. what

　　D. why

　　【解析】A。send messages為固定搭配，表示“發送信息”。(C)13. A. send

　　B. bring

　　C. push

　　D. get

　　【解析】C。think為及物動詞，這里what做think賓語。(B)14. A. someone

　　B. no one

　　C. anyone

　　D. everyone

　　【解析】B。根據文意，一種語言如果沒人使用，就會滅亡。(A)15. A. new

　　B. right

　　C. real

　　D. good

　　【解析】A。舊詞新意。

　　第17講

　　判斷詞性、詞義和詞形(一)

　　語篇填空既然是通過語篇在語境中考語法，那么，我們在解題前，就應先快速瀏覽短文，把握全文大意，然后分析句子結構確定填哪類詞。

　　1. 主要考查的知識點：

　　定冠詞的基本用法、抽象名詞具體化和固定搭配等。

　　2. 復習重點：

　　(1)定冠詞的用法(基本用法必須熟記。下面幾句順口溜可以幫助記憶：特指雙熟悉，上文已提及；世上獨無二，序數最高級；普轉專有名，習語及樂器。)

　　Ⅰ.冠詞

　　(2)不定冠詞的基本用法。

　　幾種特殊用法：

　?、賹Ｓ忻~前用不定冠詞，表示“像……的一個人或物”， a Napoleon;

　?、谛彰坝貌欢ü谠~，表示“某個叫……的人”，多指不認識的人， a Miss Smith;

　?、塾糜谀承┪镔|名詞前，表示“一種、一份、一陣”等，a tea and a coffee;

　　④用于某些抽象名詞前，使抽象概念具體化。這種用法的名詞有 a surprise/knowledge/success/

　　failure/pleasure/interest/joy等等。

　?、?冠詞

　　3. 冠詞的判斷：根據冠詞修飾名詞這一特點，如果空格位于名詞前(或名詞前還有個形容詞)時，該空格可能是填冠詞。

　?、?冠詞

　　例1：Of all the subjects, I like history the best because it gives us ______ useful knowledge of things in the past.

　　例2：Many lifestyle patterns do such great harm to health that they actually speed up ______ weakening of the human body.

　　1. 主要考查的知識點：

　　不定代詞和替代詞的用法，it的用法和人稱代詞的格。

　　2．復習重點：

　　①指代必須準確無誤。

　?、谠谑褂萌朔Q代詞、反身代詞、物主代詞這3類代詞時，要注意它們在句中的人稱、單復數及性別與所有格的一致性。

　?、垡蓡柎~的用法。

　?、?代詞

　　3. 代詞的判斷：

　?、倏崭袼诘木渥尤敝髡Z或賓語時，需考慮填代詞或名詞(多考代詞)。缺主語，用主格；缺賓語，用賓格；人稱代詞、不定代詞、反身代詞、指示代詞等主要通過上下文來判斷其語義和根據語法規則來判斷其詞形。

　?、诿~在句子中作主語、賓語或表語且名詞前面沒有限定詞，該名詞前的空格可能是填some, any，other，another或與前面名詞或人稱代詞對應的物主代詞等限定詞。

　　Ⅱ.代詞

　　例1：On my desk is a photo that my father took of ______ when I was a baby.

　　例2：Everyone round her was writing pages and pages. However hard she thought, she couldn't find ______ to write about.

　　例3：A young tired-looking woman with a baby in her arms asked to be allowed to visit her husband in prison. A short time later, when her husband

　　with chains on his feet took a seat beside her, her tired face lit up. I watched them laugh, cry, and share ______ child.

　　例4： — Which of the three ways shall I take to the village?

　　— ______ way as you please.

　　1. 主要考查的知識點：

　　形容詞作定語；形容詞和副詞的比較級、最高級等。

　　2. 重點復習：

　?、傩稳菰~和副詞的基本用法及相關語法規則。

　?、诒容^級的程度修飾語(much，very much，far，even，still，rather，any等)。

　?、郾硎酒鸪修D合的副詞。此功能與關聯詞相似，只是這種副詞在用法上更加靈活多變。典型的有though, however, also, therefore, still, besides, or，otherwise, first, second, then, finally等等。

　?、?形容詞或副詞

　　3. 形容詞/副詞的判斷：

　?、俑鶕稳菰~與連系動詞連用及修飾名詞的特點，如果空格前的動詞是連系動詞或空格在名詞前(尤其是“冠詞＋______ ＋ 名詞”結構)時，該空可考慮填形容詞；如果空格所填的詞是修飾行為動詞、形容詞、副詞、過去分詞及整個句子(此時抽去空格，句意基本完整)，則考慮用副詞。

　　②兩個事物進行比較應用比較級，三個或三個以上事物進行比較應用最高級。

　?、?形容詞或副詞

　　例1：Soon it would be the holidays. But before that, there were the end of year exams. All the students had been working ______ for some time.