課后限時自測(十七)Ⅰ.語法填空

　　The cold came a little bit __1__(early) this winter.The weather has been tough and unforgiving.

　　Beijing witnessed the earliest snowfall since the 1950s on Nov.3. Temperatures in many parts of China have hit record lows.Cold weather also brought heavy snowstorms to the US，Russia and Europe，__2__(cause) many deaths.

　　You may not think they are related in any possible way，__3__ scientists say that the extreme cold started in the North Pole，__4__ the sea ice is melting rapidly because of the burning of fossil fuels.This summer，the National Snow and Ice Data Center in the US announced that the sea ice coverage in the Arctic had reached its lowest level—with less than half of the coverage __5__ had four decades ago.

　　Large amounts of sea ice loss could change __6__ air circulates in the atmosphere.At the same time，__7__(melt)sea ice also releases more ocean water，which __8__(result)in increased water vapor in the atmosphere that can be transformed __9__ snow，according to National Geographic.

　　Also，the attack of the cold came quickly and without a break this year.“This left no time for the temperature to revive，which caused the cold to accumulate，”explained Wang Jiaoyan，__10__ engineer at China Meteorological Administration.

　　【答案】　

　　1．earlier　考查形容詞比較級。句意為：今年冬天冷空氣來得稍早一點。a little bit“少許，一點兒”，根據(jù)語境應(yīng)用形容詞比較級。

　　2．causing　考查非謂語動詞。Cold weather與cause是邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系，故應(yīng)用cause的現(xiàn)在分詞形式作結(jié)果狀語。

　　3．but　考查連詞。該空前后是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，故應(yīng)用轉(zhuǎn)折連詞but。

　　4．where　考查非限制性定語從句。先行詞是the North Pole，空處引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，在從句中作地點狀語，故填where。

　　5．it　考查代詞。空處指代the Arctic，應(yīng)用it。

　　6．how　考查賓語從句的引導(dǎo)詞。空處引導(dǎo)賓語從句，表示方式，應(yīng)填how。句意：大量海洋冰塊的消失會改變空氣在大氣中的循環(huán)方式。

　　7．melting　考查非謂語動詞。根據(jù)下文的“releases more ocean water”可知，這里指的是“正在融化的冰塊”，因此用現(xiàn)在分詞作定語。

　　8．results　考查動詞時態(tài)。result是定語從句中的謂語，定語從句的主語是先行詞more ocean water，且表示一般的情況，故應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時。

　　9．into　考查介詞。transform...into...是固定搭配，意思為“把……轉(zhuǎn)化為……”。

　　10．a(chǎn)n　考查冠詞。空處及其后面的部分在句中作同位語，泛指一位工程師，且engineer的讀音以元音音素開頭，故應(yīng)用不定冠詞an。

　　Ⅱ.閱讀理解

　　The Republic of Vanuatu is an island nation located in the South Pacific Ocean.It was one of the poorest nations in the region.Within the last five years，however，it has become a hot spot for adventure travelers.In 2006 it was voted the happiest place on Earth.The reason is not that Vanuatu are the richest but that Vanuatu has white－sand islands，clear waters，the world's most accessible live volcano，great diving and food that grows faster than it can be picked.

　　With a population of about 221，000，Vanuatu has 113 languages，which is a result of 3，000 years of immigration from many Pacific countries.There are three official languages：English，F(xiàn)rench，and Bislama.Bislama developed from South Pacific English，a simplified language that traders and other foreigners used it to communicate with speakers of the many local languages.

　　Most of the islands are mountainous and of volcanic origin.There are several active volcanoes in Vanuatu，including Yasur on the island of Tanna，one of the world's most accessible volcanoes.If you've ever fancied getting close to a volcano，here's your chance.

　　Vanuatu Post's Underwater Post Office has quickly become one of the busiest post offices for postcards in the world！Visitors from around the world want to experience the world's first underwater post office.The Post Office is only 50 meters offshore and at just three meters below the surface，very appealing to the young and the young at heart.Since opening in 2003，the underwater post office has received about 100，000 visitors.They have posted one of the waterproof(防水的)postcards available in Vanuatu；these cards are collected regularly by one of Vanuatu Post's four trained divers.The underwater branch is manned daily for usually about an hour，longer with demand.

　　1．Vanuatu was voted the happiest place on Earth because ________．

　　A．it's the poorest nation in the region

　　B．it's the richest nation in the region

　　C．it's a favorite place for adventurers

　　D．it's blessed with abundant nature

　　【解析】　細節(jié)理解題。由第一段最后一句話可知選D項。

　　【答案】　D

　　2．Which of the following is true about Vanuatu?

　　A．Bislama developed from local Pacific French.

　　B．Yasur is one of the live volcanoes in Vanuatu.

　　C．Vanuatu has more than 113 official languages.

　　D．Underwater Post Office has opened for 5 years.

　　【解析】　細節(jié)理解題。由第三段中“...including Yasur...，one of the world's most accessible volcanoes.”知B項正確。

　　【答案】　B

　　3．Which of the following would be the most proper title for the text?

　　A．Working at the underwater branch

　　B．Great diving in amazing Vanuatu

　　C．A hot spot for adventure travelers

　　D．The busiest post office on Earth

　　【解析】　主旨大意題。文章介紹了“The Republic of Vanuatu”這個地方已成為旅游探險的熱門地點。故選C項。

　　【答案】　C

　　4．What is most likely to be discussed in the paragraph that follows?

　　A．Various languages

　　B．Underwater diving

　　C．Food in Vanuatu

　　D．History of Vanuatu

　　【解析】　推理判斷題。第一段最后一句話提到Vanuatu的特色，A、B、D三項在第二、三、四段都已提到，接下來一定是介紹food。

　　【答案】　C

　　Ⅲ.閱讀填句

　　(2024·北大附中河南分校質(zhì)檢)

　　Urbanization

　　Until relatively recently, the vast majority of human beings lived and died without ever seeing a city. The first city was probably founded no more than 5，500 years ago. __1__ In fact, nearly everyone lived on farms or in tiny rural (鄉(xiāng)村的) villages. It was not until the 20th century that Great Britain became the first urban society in history－a society in which the majority of people live in cities and do not farm for a living.

　　Britain was only the beginning.

　　__2__ The process of urbanization－the migration (遷移) of people from the countryside to the city－was the result of modernization, which has rapidly transformed how people live and where they live.

　　In 1990, fewer than 40% of Americans lived in urban areas. Today, over 82% of Americans live in cities. Only about 2% live on farms.

　　__3__

　　Large cities were impossible until agriculture became industrialized. Even in advanced agricultural societies, it took about ninety－five people on farms to feed five people in cities.__4___ Until modern times, those living in cities were mainly the ruling elite(精英) and the servants, laborers and professionals who served them. Cities survived by taxing farmers and were limited in size by the amount of surplus food that the rural population produced and by the ability to move this surplus from farm to city.

　　Over the past two centuries, the Industrial Revolution has broken this balance between the city and the country.

　　__5__ Today, instead of needing ninety－five farmers to feed five city people, one American farmer is able to feed more than a hundred non－farmers.

　　A．That kept cities very small.

　　B．The rest live in small towns.

　　C．The effects of urban living on people should be considered.

　　D．Soon many other industrial nations became urban societies.

　　E．But even 200 years ago, only a few people could live in cities.

　　F．Modernization drew people to the cities and made farmers more productive.

　　G．Modern cities have destroyed social relations and the health of human beings.

　　【答案】　1－5　E D B A F

　　Ⅳ.短文改錯

　　(2024·高陽高級中學(xué)月考)Last Sunday I witness a traffic accident on my way home. I was wandering down the sidewalk while there went loud crash. Two taxis crashed into each other about ten meters far away. I went up and found the two drivers bad injured, bleeding and trap in the taxis. Luckily, they were rescued on time because people came to help them and called an ambulance. As was clear that the taxi drivers were so eager to take more passengers that they drove too fast. It reflected their lack of concern for the safe of both others and them.

　　【答案】　第一句：witness改為witnessed　第二句：while改為when；loud前加a　第三句：去掉far　第四句：bad改為badly；trap改為trapped　第五句：on改為in　第六句：As改為 It　第七句：safe改為safety；them改為themselves

　　課后限時自測(十七)Ⅰ.語法填空

　　The cold came a little bit __1__(early) this winter.The weather has been tough and unforgiving.

　　Beijing witnessed the earliest snowfall since the 1950s on Nov.3. Temperatures in many parts of China have hit record lows.Cold weather also brought heavy snowstorms to the US，Russia and Europe，__2__(cause) many deaths.

　　You may not think they are related in any possible way，__3__ scientists say that the extreme cold started in the North Pole，__4__ the sea ice is melting rapidly because of the burning of fossil fuels.This summer，the National Snow and Ice Data Center in the US announced that the sea ice coverage in the Arctic had reached its lowest level—with less than half of the coverage __5__ had four decades ago.

　　Large amounts of sea ice loss could change __6__ air circulates in the atmosphere.At the same time，__7__(melt)sea ice also releases more ocean water，which __8__(result)in increased water vapor in the atmosphere that can be transformed __9__ snow，according to National Geographic.

　　Also，the attack of the cold came quickly and without a break this year.“This left no time for the temperature to revive，which caused the cold to accumulate，”explained Wang Jiaoyan，__10__ engineer at China Meteorological Administration.

　　【答案】　

　　1．earlier　考查形容詞比較級。句意為：今年冬天冷空氣來得稍早一點。a little bit“少許，一點兒”，根據(jù)語境應(yīng)用形容詞比較級。

　　2．causing　考查非謂語動詞。Cold weather與cause是邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系，故應(yīng)用cause的現(xiàn)在分詞形式作結(jié)果狀語。

　　3．but　考查連詞。該空前后是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，故應(yīng)用轉(zhuǎn)折連詞but。

　　4．where　考查非限制性定語從句。先行詞是the North Pole，空處引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，在從句中作地點狀語，故填where。

　　5．it　考查代詞。空處指代the Arctic，應(yīng)用it。

　　6．how　考查賓語從句的引導(dǎo)詞。空處引導(dǎo)賓語從句，表示方式，應(yīng)填how。句意：大量海洋冰塊的消失會改變空氣在大氣中的循環(huán)方式。

　　7．melting　考查非謂語動詞。根據(jù)下文的“releases more ocean water”可知，這里指的是“正在融化的冰塊”，因此用現(xiàn)在分詞作定語。

　　8．results　考查動詞時態(tài)。result是定語從句中的謂語，定語從句的主語是先行詞more ocean water，且表示一般的情況，故應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時。

　　9．into　考查介詞。transform...into...是固定搭配，意思為“把……轉(zhuǎn)化為……”。

　　10．a(chǎn)n　考查冠詞。空處及其后面的部分在句中作同位語，泛指一位工程師，且engineer的讀音以元音音素開頭，故應(yīng)用不定冠詞an。

　　Ⅱ.閱讀理解

　　The Republic of Vanuatu is an island nation located in the South Pacific Ocean.It was one of the poorest nations in the region.Within the last five years，however，it has become a hot spot for adventure travelers.In 2006 it was voted the happiest place on Earth.The reason is not that Vanuatu are the richest but that Vanuatu has white－sand islands，clear waters，the world's most accessible live volcano，great diving and food that grows faster than it can be picked.

　　With a population of about 221，000，Vanuatu has 113 languages，which is a result of 3，000 years of immigration from many Pacific countries.There are three official languages：English，F(xiàn)rench，and Bislama.Bislama developed from South Pacific English，a simplified language that traders and other foreigners used it to communicate with speakers of the many local languages.

　　Most of the islands are mountainous and of volcanic origin.There are several active volcanoes in Vanuatu，including Yasur on the island of Tanna，one of the world's most accessible volcanoes.If you've ever fancied getting close to a volcano，here's your chance.

　　Vanuatu Post's Underwater Post Office has quickly become one of the busiest post offices for postcards in the world！Visitors from around the world want to experience the world's first underwater post office.The Post Office is only 50 meters offshore and at just three meters below the surface，very appealing to the young and the young at heart.Since opening in 2003，the underwater post office has received about 100，000 visitors.They have posted one of the waterproof(防水的)postcards available in Vanuatu；these cards are collected regularly by one of Vanuatu Post's four trained divers.The underwater branch is manned daily for usually about an hour，longer with demand.

　　1．Vanuatu was voted the happiest place on Earth because ________．

　　A．it's the poorest nation in the region

　　B．it's the richest nation in the region

　　C．it's a favorite place for adventurers

　　D．it's blessed with abundant nature

　　【解析】　細節(jié)理解題。由第一段最后一句話可知選D項。

　　【答案】　D

　　2．Which of the following is true about Vanuatu?

　　A．Bislama developed from local Pacific French.

　　B．Yasur is one of the live volcanoes in Vanuatu.

　　C．Vanuatu has more than 113 official languages.

　　D．Underwater Post Office has opened for 5 years.

　　【解析】　細節(jié)理解題。由第三段中“...including Yasur...，one of the world's most accessible volcanoes.”知B項正確。

　　【答案】　B

　　3．Which of the following would be the most proper title for the text?

　　A．Working at the underwater branch

　　B．Great diving in amazing Vanuatu

　　C．A hot spot for adventure travelers

　　D．The busiest post office on Earth

　　【解析】　主旨大意題。文章介紹了“The Republic of Vanuatu”這個地方已成為旅游探險的熱門地點。故選C項。

　　【答案】　C

　　4．What is most likely to be discussed in the paragraph that follows?

　　A．Various languages

　　B．Underwater diving

　　C．Food in Vanuatu

　　D．History of Vanuatu

　　【解析】　推理判斷題。第一段最后一句話提到Vanuatu的特色，A、B、D三項在第二、三、四段都已提到，接下來一定是介紹food。

　　【答案】　C

　　Ⅲ.閱讀填句

　　(2024·北大附中河南分校質(zhì)檢)

　　Urbanization

　　Until relatively recently, the vast majority of human beings lived and died without ever seeing a city. The first city was probably founded no more than 5，500 years ago. __1__ In fact, nearly everyone lived on farms or in tiny rural (鄉(xiāng)村的) villages. It was not until the 20th century that Great Britain became the first urban society in history－a society in which the majority of people live in cities and do not farm for a living.

　　Britain was only the beginning.

　　__2__ The process of urbanization－the migration (遷移) of people from the countryside to the city－was the result of modernization, which has rapidly transformed how people live and where they live.

　　In 1990, fewer than 40% of Americans lived in urban areas. Today, over 82% of Americans live in cities. Only about 2% live on farms.

　　__3__

　　Large cities were impossible until agriculture became industrialized. Even in advanced agricultural societies, it took about ninety－five people on farms to feed five people in cities.__4___ Until modern times, those living in cities were mainly the ruling elite(精英) and the servants, laborers and professionals who served them. Cities survived by taxing farmers and were limited in size by the amount of surplus food that the rural population produced and by the ability to move this surplus from farm to city.

　　Over the past two centuries, the Industrial Revolution has broken this balance between the city and the country.

　　__5__ Today, instead of needing ninety－five farmers to feed five city people, one American farmer is able to feed more than a hundred non－farmers.

　　A．That kept cities very small.

　　B．The rest live in small towns.

　　C．The effects of urban living on people should be considered.

　　D．Soon many other industrial nations became urban societies.

　　E．But even 200 years ago, only a few people could live in cities.

　　F．Modernization drew people to the cities and made farmers more productive.

　　G．Modern cities have destroyed social relations and the health of human beings.

　　【答案】　1－5　E D B A F

　　Ⅳ.短文改錯

　　(2024·高陽高級中學(xué)月考)Last Sunday I witness a traffic accident on my way home. I was wandering down the sidewalk while there went loud crash. Two taxis crashed into each other about ten meters far away. I went up and found the two drivers bad injured, bleeding and trap in the taxis. Luckily, they were rescued on time because people came to help them and called an ambulance. As was clear that the taxi drivers were so eager to take more passengers that they drove too fast. It reflected their lack of concern for the safe of both others and them.

　　【答案】　第一句：witness改為witnessed　第二句：while改為when；loud前加a　第三句：去掉far　第四句：bad改為badly；trap改為trapped　第五句：on改為in　第六句：As改為 It　第七句：safe改為safety；them改為themselves