雅思閱讀:主謂一致原則
謂語受主語支配，它必須在人稱和數(shù)等方面與謂語保持一致。
I 語法形式上一致
單數(shù)的名詞、代詞、動(dòng)詞不定式、動(dòng)名詞短語或從從句作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。
What I hate most is telling lies.
To become a doctor is his ambition.
Whether she comes or not is of no matter
what引導(dǎo)的從句作主語，如果它后面的表語是復(fù)數(shù)形式，謂語動(dòng)詞亦可以用復(fù)數(shù)。
What I said is right.
What we need badly here are doctors.
由and連接并列主語時(shí)：
1)一般情況下謂語用復(fù)數(shù)。
What she says and what she does dont agree
Swimming in the summer and skating in the winter are my hobbies
In the city are to be found both the most renowned scholar and the scoundrels
2)并列的主語如果表示同一個(gè)人、同一事物或同一概念時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式，而且and后面的名詞前沒有冠詞或物主代詞修飾。
My house and home is at 1707 Maryland drive.
Bread and butter is daily food for breakfast.
Her best friend and adviser has changed her idea again.
The Air-Marshal and Chief-of-Staff was killed in the air crash.
表示同一概念的類似短語有：
a block and tackle;the needle and thread;brandy and soda;sale and water;law and order;a cup and saucer; the ebb and flow ; the rope and pulley
watch and chain;soap and water;etc。
There is my watch and chain on the dressing-table.
若and后面的名詞前有冠詞或物主代詞修飾，謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形似。
The bread and the butter are on sale.
My watch and my pen were stolen yesterday.
My friend and the classmate Jane are in the classroom.
3) 由and連接的并列單數(shù)主語前有each, every, no , many a 等修飾時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。
Many a boy and many a girl in the class has seen this film.
No teacher and no student is present.
Every man, woman, and child in this community is aware of the terrible consequences of the habit of smoking.
復(fù)數(shù)主語后面加上each，謂語用復(fù)數(shù)。
The girls each have their own mothers.
The old worker and the young each have their own tools.
4)and后面加上not，謂語用單數(shù)。
The farmer and not the city dweller is hurt when food prices fall.
Mr.Brown，and not I，is chosen to be the representative of the company.
It is conflict and not unquestioning agreement that keeps freedom alive.
5)注意在某些成語里的主謂一致：
Time and tide wait for no man.
Truth and honesty is the best policy.
謂語受主語支配，它必須在人稱和數(shù)等方面與謂語保持一致。
I 語法形式上一致
單數(shù)的名詞、代詞、動(dòng)詞不定式、動(dòng)名詞短語或從從句作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。
What I hate most is telling lies.
To become a doctor is his ambition.
Whether she comes or not is of no matter
what引導(dǎo)的從句作主語，如果它后面的表語是復(fù)數(shù)形式，謂語動(dòng)詞亦可以用復(fù)數(shù)。
What I said is right.
What we need badly here are doctors.
由and連接并列主語時(shí)：
1)一般情況下謂語用復(fù)數(shù)。
What she says and what she does dont agree
Swimming in the summer and skating in the winter are my hobbies
In the city are to be found both the most renowned scholar and the scoundrels
2)并列的主語如果表示同一個(gè)人、同一事物或同一概念時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式，而且and后面的名詞前沒有冠詞或物主代詞修飾。
My house and home is at 1707 Maryland drive.
Bread and butter is daily food for breakfast.
Her best friend and adviser has changed her idea again.
The Air-Marshal and Chief-of-Staff was killed in the air crash.
表示同一概念的類似短語有：
a block and tackle;the needle and thread;brandy and soda;sale and water;law and order;a cup and saucer; the ebb and flow ; the rope and pulley
watch and chain;soap and water;etc。
There is my watch and chain on the dressing-table.
若and后面的名詞前有冠詞或物主代詞修飾，謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形似。
The bread and the butter are on sale.
My watch and my pen were stolen yesterday.
My friend and the classmate Jane are in the classroom.
3) 由and連接的并列單數(shù)主語前有each, every, no , many a 等修飾時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。
Many a boy and many a girl in the class has seen this film.
No teacher and no student is present.
Every man, woman, and child in this community is aware of the terrible consequences of the habit of smoking.
復(fù)數(shù)主語后面加上each，謂語用復(fù)數(shù)。
The girls each have their own mothers.
The old worker and the young each have their own tools.
4)and后面加上not，謂語用單數(shù)。
The farmer and not the city dweller is hurt when food prices fall.
Mr.Brown，and not I，is chosen to be the representative of the company.
It is conflict and not unquestioning agreement that keeps freedom alive.
5)注意在某些成語里的主謂一致：
Time and tide wait for no man.
Truth and honesty is the best policy.
