高中英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法學(xué)習(xí)：名詞性從句的概念及分類
名詞性從句的功能相當(dāng)于名詞詞組，它在復(fù)合句中能擔(dān)任主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)、同位語(yǔ)等。因此根據(jù)它在句中不同的句法功能，名詞性從句又分主語(yǔ)從句、賓語(yǔ)從句、表語(yǔ)從句和同位語(yǔ)從句。
引導(dǎo)名詞性從句的連接詞
引導(dǎo)名詞性從句的連接詞可分為三類：
從屬連詞： (不充當(dāng)從句的任何成分)
連接代詞：what、whatever、who 、whoever、 whom 、whomever、 whose 、which、 whichever
連接副詞： 等
★不可省略的連詞：1.介詞后的連詞 2.引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句和同位語(yǔ)從句的連詞
名詞性從句的重難點(diǎn)
一 、名詞性從句的語(yǔ)序 ( 語(yǔ)序)
二 、名詞性從句引導(dǎo)詞間的區(qū)別
1 、 whether 與 i f 的區(qū)別
whether 與if均為是否的意思。但在以下情況下，whether不能被if取代：
?、舧hether引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句和同位語(yǔ)從句時(shí)
?、圃谥髡Z(yǔ)從句中，若用it做形式主語(yǔ)，if / whether均可;否則，只用whether
Eg.Whether we will attend the meeting hasnt been decided
It hasnt been decided whether / if we will attend the meeting.
⑶引導(dǎo)介詞后的賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí)
?、群竺娓鷒r not時(shí)
?、珊竺嬷苯痈鷦?dòng)詞不定式時(shí)
It all depends on they will support us.
He doesnt know to stay or not.
Whether與 if均可使用的情況
?、乓龑?dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句 ⑵在be+adj.之后 He was not sure whether/if it is right or not.
2 、 what 與 that 的區(qū)別
?、舤hat引導(dǎo)名詞性從句，不在從句中充當(dāng)任何成分，只起連接作用;what是連接代詞，在從句中充當(dāng)成分作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)或表語(yǔ)。除表明具體的內(nèi)容外，還表的時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、人、速度等。
① made the school proud was more than 90%of the students had been admitted to key universities.
A. What; because B. What. that C. That; what D. That; because
②----I think its going to be a big problem.
----Yes, it could be.
----I wonder we can do about it.
A. if B. how C. what D. that
A modern city has been set up in was a wasteland ten years ago.
After seemed a long time, he managed to work out this problem.
?、平樵~后的賓語(yǔ)從句常用what引導(dǎo)，不用that引導(dǎo)。但在介詞besides,except,in后可用that引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句。由it做形式賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句中，that不可省略。
?、貱riticism and self- Criticism is necessaryin that it helps us to correct our mistakes.
?、贖e noticed that the straight part of the dance was different in the afternoon from it had been in the morning.
?、跿he suit fitted him well the color was a little brighter.
A. except for B. except that C. except when D. besides
?、莣hat/ whatever---the + n. +that/ which (what/ whatever可作前置定語(yǔ))
Please give me what books you have.
You can write about whatever topic you prefer.
3 、 wh-ever 與 no matter+ 疑問詞的區(qū)別
wh-ever既可引導(dǎo)名詞性從句又可引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句;而no matter+ 疑問詞只可引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句。
Whatever I said, he wouldnt listen to me.
= No matter what I said, he wouldnt listen to me. 從句
He would believe whatever I said. 從句
三、賓語(yǔ)從句的注意點(diǎn)
?、欧穸ㄇ耙?think, believe, suppose, expect, guess, imagine etc.
?、迫糁髡Z(yǔ)的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是make, find, see 等，則把賓語(yǔ)從句置于賓補(bǔ)后，用it做形式主語(yǔ).
The teacher made it a rule that we should get up early.
See to it that children dont catch cold.
?、苩hat在主語(yǔ)從句、表語(yǔ)從句和同位語(yǔ)從句中不可省略。在賓語(yǔ)從句和it做形式主語(yǔ)的主語(yǔ)從句中可省略;但當(dāng)有兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上的賓語(yǔ)從句并列時(shí)，第二個(gè)從句以下的that不可省略。
She said (that) she had left school and that her parents would find her a job.
?、枪潭ㄓ梅ǎ簂ike it; dislike it; have it; appreciate it 一般與if 或 when 引導(dǎo)的從句連用。
I like it in the autumn when the weather is clear and bright.
四、that引導(dǎo)同位語(yǔ)從句與定語(yǔ)從句的區(qū)別
that引導(dǎo)同位語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，that是連詞，應(yīng)在某些抽象名詞之后，如：fact,hope,desire,thought等，對(duì)前面的名詞起補(bǔ)充說明作用，它在從句中不充當(dāng)任何成分，不能省略，;that引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，that是關(guān)系代詞，在從句中充當(dāng)主、賓和表語(yǔ)。
The news that they had won the game arrived soon . 從句
The news that you told me yesterday is true. 從句
名詞性從句的概念及分類
名詞性從句的功能相當(dāng)于名詞詞組，它在復(fù)合句中能擔(dān)任主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)、同位語(yǔ)等。因此根據(jù)它在句中不同的句法功能，名詞性從句又分主語(yǔ)從句、賓語(yǔ)從句、表語(yǔ)從句和同位語(yǔ)從句。
引導(dǎo)名詞性從句的連接詞
引導(dǎo)名詞性從句的連接詞可分為三類：
從屬連詞： (不充當(dāng)從句的任何成分)
連接代詞：what、whatever、who 、whoever、 whom 、whomever、 whose 、which、 whichever
連接副詞： 等
★不可省略的連詞：1.介詞后的連詞 2.引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句和同位語(yǔ)從句的連詞
名詞性從句的重難點(diǎn)
一 、名詞性從句的語(yǔ)序 ( 語(yǔ)序)
二 、名詞性從句引導(dǎo)詞間的區(qū)別
1 、 whether 與 i f 的區(qū)別
whether 與if均為是否的意思。但在以下情況下，whether不能被if取代：
⑴whether引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句和同位語(yǔ)從句時(shí)
?、圃谥髡Z(yǔ)從句中，若用it做形式主語(yǔ)，if / whether均可;否則，只用whether
Eg.Whether we will attend the meeting hasnt been decided
It hasnt been decided whether / if we will attend the meeting.
?、且龑?dǎo)介詞后的賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí)
?、群竺娓鷒r not時(shí)
?、珊竺嬷苯痈鷦?dòng)詞不定式時(shí)
It all depends on they will support us.
He doesnt know to stay or not.
Whether與 if均可使用的情況
?、乓龑?dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句 ⑵在be+adj.之后 He was not sure whether/if it is right or not.
2 、 what 與 that 的區(qū)別
?、舤hat引導(dǎo)名詞性從句，不在從句中充當(dāng)任何成分，只起連接作用;what是連接代詞，在從句中充當(dāng)成分作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)或表語(yǔ)。除表明具體的內(nèi)容外，還表的時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、人、速度等。
?、?made the school proud was more than 90%of the students had been admitted to key universities.
A. What; because B. What. that C. That; what D. That; because
?、?---I think its going to be a big problem.
----Yes, it could be.
----I wonder we can do about it.
A. if B. how C. what D. that
名詞性從句的功能相當(dāng)于名詞詞組，它在復(fù)合句中能擔(dān)任主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)、同位語(yǔ)等。因此根據(jù)它在句中不同的句法功能，名詞性從句又分主語(yǔ)從句、賓語(yǔ)從句、表語(yǔ)從句和同位語(yǔ)從句。
引導(dǎo)名詞性從句的連接詞
引導(dǎo)名詞性從句的連接詞可分為三類：
從屬連詞： (不充當(dāng)從句的任何成分)
連接代詞：what、whatever、who 、whoever、 whom 、whomever、 whose 、which、 whichever
連接副詞： 等
★不可省略的連詞：1.介詞后的連詞 2.引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句和同位語(yǔ)從句的連詞
名詞性從句的重難點(diǎn)
一 、名詞性從句的語(yǔ)序 ( 語(yǔ)序)
二 、名詞性從句引導(dǎo)詞間的區(qū)別
1 、 whether 與 i f 的區(qū)別
whether 與if均為是否的意思。但在以下情況下，whether不能被if取代：
?、舧hether引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句和同位語(yǔ)從句時(shí)
?、圃谥髡Z(yǔ)從句中，若用it做形式主語(yǔ)，if / whether均可;否則，只用whether
Eg.Whether we will attend the meeting hasnt been decided
It hasnt been decided whether / if we will attend the meeting.
⑶引導(dǎo)介詞后的賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí)
⑷后面跟or not時(shí)
?、珊竺嬷苯痈鷦?dòng)詞不定式時(shí)
It all depends on they will support us.
He doesnt know to stay or not.
Whether與 if均可使用的情況
?、乓龑?dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句 ⑵在be+adj.之后 He was not sure whether/if it is right or not.
2 、 what 與 that 的區(qū)別
⑴that引導(dǎo)名詞性從句，不在從句中充當(dāng)任何成分，只起連接作用;what是連接代詞，在從句中充當(dāng)成分作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)或表語(yǔ)。除表明具體的內(nèi)容外，還表的時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、人、速度等。
?、?made the school proud was more than 90%of the students had been admitted to key universities.
A. What; because B. What. that C. That; what D. That; because
?、?---I think its going to be a big problem.
----Yes, it could be.
----I wonder we can do about it.
A. if B. how C. what D. that
A modern city has been set up in was a wasteland ten years ago.
After seemed a long time, he managed to work out this problem.
⑵介詞后的賓語(yǔ)從句常用what引導(dǎo)，不用that引導(dǎo)。但在介詞besides,except,in后可用that引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句。由it做形式賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句中，that不可省略。
?、貱riticism and self- Criticism is necessaryin that it helps us to correct our mistakes.
?、贖e noticed that the straight part of the dance was different in the afternoon from it had been in the morning.
③The suit fitted him well the color was a little brighter.
A. except for B. except that C. except when D. besides
⑶what/ whatever---the + n. +that/ which (what/ whatever可作前置定語(yǔ))
Please give me what books you have.
You can write about whatever topic you prefer.
3 、 wh-ever 與 no matter+ 疑問詞的區(qū)別
wh-ever既可引導(dǎo)名詞性從句又可引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句;而no matter+ 疑問詞只可引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句。
Whatever I said, he wouldnt listen to me.
= No matter what I said, he wouldnt listen to me. 從句
He would believe whatever I said. 從句
三、賓語(yǔ)從句的注意點(diǎn)
?、欧穸ㄇ耙?think, believe, suppose, expect, guess, imagine etc.
⑵若主語(yǔ)的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是make, find, see 等，則把賓語(yǔ)從句置于賓補(bǔ)后，用it做形式主語(yǔ).
The teacher made it a rule that we should get up early.
See to it that children dont catch cold.
⑵that在主語(yǔ)從句、表語(yǔ)從句和同位語(yǔ)從句中不可省略。在賓語(yǔ)從句和it做形式主語(yǔ)的主語(yǔ)從句中可省略;但當(dāng)有兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上的賓語(yǔ)從句并列時(shí)，第二個(gè)從句以下的that不可省略。
She said (that) she had left school and that her parents would find her a job.
?、枪潭ㄓ梅ǎ簂ike it; dislike it; have it; appreciate it 一般與if 或 when 引導(dǎo)的從句連用。
I like it in the autumn when the weather is clear and bright.
四、that引導(dǎo)同位語(yǔ)從句與定語(yǔ)從句的區(qū)別
that引導(dǎo)同位語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，that是連詞，應(yīng)在某些抽象名詞之后，如：fact,hope,desire,thought等，對(duì)前面的名詞起補(bǔ)充說明作用，它在從句中不充當(dāng)任何成分，不能省略，;that引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，that是關(guān)系代詞，在從句中充當(dāng)主、賓和表語(yǔ)。
The news that they had won the game arrived soon . 從句
The news that you told me yesterday is true. 從句
名詞性從句的概念及分類
名詞性從句的功能相當(dāng)于名詞詞組，它在復(fù)合句中能擔(dān)任主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)、同位語(yǔ)等。因此根據(jù)它在句中不同的句法功能，名詞性從句又分主語(yǔ)從句、賓語(yǔ)從句、表語(yǔ)從句和同位語(yǔ)從句。
引導(dǎo)名詞性從句的連接詞
引導(dǎo)名詞性從句的連接詞可分為三類：
從屬連詞： (不充當(dāng)從句的任何成分)
連接代詞：what、whatever、who 、whoever、 whom 、whomever、 whose 、which、 whichever
連接副詞： 等
★不可省略的連詞：1.介詞后的連詞 2.引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句和同位語(yǔ)從句的連詞
名詞性從句的重難點(diǎn)
一 、名詞性從句的語(yǔ)序 ( 語(yǔ)序)
二 、名詞性從句引導(dǎo)詞間的區(qū)別
1 、 whether 與 i f 的區(qū)別
whether 與if均為是否的意思。但在以下情況下，whether不能被if取代：
?、舧hether引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句和同位語(yǔ)從句時(shí)
⑵在主語(yǔ)從句中，若用it做形式主語(yǔ)，if / whether均可;否則，只用whether
Eg.Whether we will attend the meeting hasnt been decided
It hasnt been decided whether / if we will attend the meeting.
?、且龑?dǎo)介詞后的賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí)
?、群竺娓鷒r not時(shí)
?、珊竺嬷苯痈鷦?dòng)詞不定式時(shí)
It all depends on they will support us.
He doesnt know to stay or not.
Whether與 if均可使用的情況
?、乓龑?dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句 ⑵在be+adj.之后 He was not sure whether/if it is right or not.
2 、 what 與 that 的區(qū)別
?、舤hat引導(dǎo)名詞性從句，不在從句中充當(dāng)任何成分，只起連接作用;what是連接代詞，在從句中充當(dāng)成分作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)或表語(yǔ)。除表明具體的內(nèi)容外，還表的時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、人、速度等。
?、?made the school proud was more than 90%of the students had been admitted to key universities.
A. What; because B. What. that C. That; what D. That; because
②----I think its going to be a big problem.
----Yes, it could be.
----I wonder we can do about it.
A. if B. how C. what D. that
