中考復習策略28

　　 P?

　　 paper ?

　　 [誤] Please give me two letter papers.?

　　 [正] Please give me two sheets of letter paper.?

　　 [析] paper作為紙講為不可數名詞。?

　　 [誤] Each student must write paper on what he learned.?

　　 [正] Each student must write a paper on what he learned.?

　　 [析] 這里的paper作為論文講,是可數名詞。paper的這種用法還可以用于證件、報紙、考卷等。

　　 parent ?

　　 [誤] My parents and I are both interested in football.

　　 [正] My parents and I are all interested in football.?

　　 [析] parents即為父母、雙親,指兩個人,加上自己為三個人,所以只能用all而不能用both.?

　　 pass ?

　　 [誤] The ship pasted the channel.?

　　 [正] The ship passed the channel.?

　　 [析] pass為動詞,而past則為副詞,不要混淆,如: My father has been ill for the past two weeks. All the students passed the exam.?

　　 pay ?

　　 [誤] Please help me do this job, and I will pay for you later.?

　　 [正] Please help me do this job and I will pay you later.?

　　 [析] 為某工作付給工人工資應為pay somebody, 而pay for something是為某物付款,如: You can buy all the things you want. I'll pay for those.?

　　 people ?

　　 [誤] There are five hundred peoples here.?

　　 [正] There are five hundred people here.?

　　 [誤] There is only one people.?

　　 [正] There is only one person.?

　　 [誤] People there is friendly.?

　　 [正] People there are friendly.?

　　 [析] people作為人講時為復數名詞,如要講一個人應用one person, 而不能用people, 講若干人時用people而不能加s,這樣的用法還有police(警察)等,這些概念用單數時要換其他的詞. 如: people-a person; police-policeman policewoman; youth-a young man/woman.?

　　 picture ?

　　 [誤] There are some spots in the picture.?

　　 [正] There are some spots on the picture.?

　　 [誤] There is a young woman on the picture.?

　　 [正] There is a young woman in the picture.?

　　 [析] 指濺落在畫面上的灰塵,污物是on the picture,即講與畫面內容無關的東西用on,而in the picture用于講畫面的內容。?

　　 pity ?

　　 [誤] What pity that her mother must always suffer!?

　　 [正] What a pity that her mother must always suffer!?

　　 [析] pity作為遺憾之事講常加不定冠詞;但要注意作為同情、憐憫講則不加冠詞,為不可數名詞,如: I feel pity for you. 它還可以用作動詞,如: He pitied the poor people.?

　　 [誤] I have pity for you.?

　　 [正] I have pity on you.?

　　 [析] 可憐某人時應用have (take) pity on somebody,這是個慣用法。?

　　 place ?

　　 [誤] Last year he went to America. He travelled from place to another.?

　　 [正] Last year he went to America. He travelled from place to place (from one place to another).?

　　 [析] 到處譯為英文時為from place to place請不要在place之前加冠詞。這種用法在有些語法書中叫作零冠詞用法,如:一戶挨一戶為door by door,手拉手為hand in hand.?

　　 [誤] The accident was taken place in that street.?

　　 [正] The accident took place in that street.?

　　 [析] take place為發生,它不能用于被動態,這樣的詞還有happen等。?

　　 [誤] There is no place in the bus.?

　　 [正] There is no room in the bus.?

　　 [析] room這里為不可數名詞,意為空間,即沒有地方了。place多指場所所在之地。

　　 [誤] I came here to take place of Mr Smith.?

　　 [正] I came here to take the place of Mr Smith.?

　　 [析] take the place of 意為代替、取代某人某事。

　　 ?

　　 play ?

　　 [誤] Do you want to play guitar??

　　 [正] Do you want to play the guitar??

　　 [誤] I like to play the bridge.?

　　 [正] I like to play bridge(橋牌).?

　　 [析] play作為玩講時,在各種樂器前要加冠詞,在各種體育運動前則沒有冠詞。?

　　 please ?

　　 [誤] My friend pleased me to his birthday party yesterday.?

　　 [正] My friend invited me to his birthday party yesterday.?

　　 [析] please作為動詞時其詞義不是請,而是高興、愿意等意,如: She always does what she pleases. (她總是想做什么就做什么。)又如: It's hard to please all. 而please作為請講時為語氣詞,多用于祈使句中,如: Please come in.?

　　 [誤] Both the teacher and the mother were pleased to the little girl.?

　　 [正] Both the teacher and the mother were pleased with the little girl.?

　　 [析] 對某人表示滿意、喜歡,應用be pleased with somebody. 對某事感到高興和滿意時多用be pleased at或about,但有時也可用with,卻不能用of.?

　　 pleasure ?

　　 [誤] The boy gave his parents a lot of pleasures.?

　　 [正] The boy gave his parents a lot of pleasure.?

　　 [析] pleasure作為高興、愉快、享樂、娛樂 講時為不可數名詞。?

　　 [誤] It is pleasure to work with you.?

　　 [正] It is a pleasure to work with you.?

　　 [析] pleasure作為一件或某件樂事、高興之事講時為 可數名詞,如: It is one of my pleasures.?

　　 police ?

　　 [誤] The police has not found the cause of the accident.

　　 [正] The police have not found the cause of the accident.

　　 [析] police為復數名詞,它沒有單數形式。如果要講一個警察 要用a policeman,兩個要用two policemen,或a policewoman, two policewomen.?

　　 prepare ?

　　 [誤] I'm preparing the exam.?

　　 [正] I'm preparing for the exam.?

　　 [誤] We'll return in time for you to prepare for dinner.

　　 [正] We'll return in time for you to prepare dinner.?

　　 [析] prepare既是及物動詞,又是不及物動詞。作及物動詞時 其后面所跟的事物是正在 準備的;而作不及物動詞時for后面的事物是目標。如: I'm preparing for the exam. 應

　　 譯為我正在為考試做準備。同樣的用法還有search與search for.?

　　 present ?

　　 [誤] Don't worry. I can present the meeting.?

　　 [正] Don't worry. I can be present at the meeting.?

　　 [析] present作為出席、在場講時,是形容詞而不應 用作動詞。其動詞意為 送給;贈給;提出,如: The reporter presented arguments of his idea.

　　 ? put

　　 ?

　　 [誤] She put off her red dress and put on the green one.

　　 [正] She took off her red dress and put on the green on e.?

　　 [析] 與put連用的介詞很多,一般來講on與off是一對相反的意 義的介詞,如: turn on (打開),turn off(關上),穿衣服是put on,但脫衣服卻只能用take off,而put o ff是推遲、使某人下車、關掉之意,如: They put off the exam because t he national holiday. (因國家假日而推遲考期。)Could you put me off at the Town Ha ll. (請在市政廳讓我下車。)Please put off the wireless before you leave. (走之前 請關掉無線電。)?

　　-

　　中考復習策略28

　　 P?

　　 paper ?

　　 [誤] Please give me two letter papers.?

　　 [正] Please give me two sheets of letter paper.?

　　 [析] paper作為紙講為不可數名詞。?

　　 [誤] Each student must write paper on what he learned.?

　　 [正] Each student must write a paper on what he learned.?

　　 [析] 這里的paper作為論文講,是可數名詞。paper的這種用法還可以用于證件、報紙、考卷等。

　　 parent ?

　　 [誤] My parents and I are both interested in football.

　　 [正] My parents and I are all interested in football.?

　　 [析] parents即為父母、雙親,指兩個人,加上自己為三個人,所以只能用all而不能用both.?

　　 pass ?

　　 [誤] The ship pasted the channel.?

　　 [正] The ship passed the channel.?

　　 [析] pass為動詞,而past則為副詞,不要混淆,如: My father has been ill for the past two weeks. All the students passed the exam.?

　　 pay ?

　　 [誤] Please help me do this job, and I will pay for you later.?

　　 [正] Please help me do this job and I will pay you later.?

　　 [析] 為某工作付給工人工資應為pay somebody, 而pay for something是為某物付款,如: You can buy all the things you want. I'll pay for those.?

　　 people ?

　　 [誤] There are five hundred peoples here.?

　　 [正] There are five hundred people here.?

　　 [誤] There is only one people.?

　　 [正] There is only one person.?

　　 [誤] People there is friendly.?

　　 [正] People there are friendly.?

　　 [析] people作為人講時為復數名詞,如要講一個人應用one person, 而不能用people, 講若干人時用people而不能加s,這樣的用法還有police(警察)等,這些概念用單數時要換其他的詞. 如: people-a person; police-policeman policewoman; youth-a young man/woman.?

　　 picture ?

　　 [誤] There are some spots in the picture.?

　　 [正] There are some spots on the picture.?

　　 [誤] There is a young woman on the picture.?

　　 [正] There is a young woman in the picture.?

　　 [析] 指濺落在畫面上的灰塵,污物是on the picture,即講與畫面內容無關的東西用on,而in the picture用于講畫面的內容。?

　　 pity ?

　　 [誤] What pity that her mother must always suffer!?

　　 [正] What a pity that her mother must always suffer!?

　　 [析] pity作為遺憾之事講常加不定冠詞;但要注意作為同情、憐憫講則不加冠詞,為不可數名詞,如: I feel pity for you. 它還可以用作動詞,如: He pitied the poor people.?

　　 [誤] I have pity for you.?

　　 [正] I have pity on you.?

　　 [析] 可憐某人時應用have (take) pity on somebody,這是個慣用法。?

　　 place ?

　　 [誤] Last year he went to America. He travelled from place to another.?

　　 [正] Last year he went to America. He travelled from place to place (from one place to another).?

　　 [析] 到處譯為英文時為from place to place請不要在place之前加冠詞。這種用法在有些語法書中叫作零冠詞用法,如:一戶挨一戶為door by door,手拉手為hand in hand.?

　　 [誤] The accident was taken place in that street.?

　　 [正] The accident took place in that street.?

　　 [析] take place為發生,它不能用于被動態,這樣的詞還有happen等。?

　　 [誤] There is no place in the bus.?

　　 [正] There is no room in the bus.?

　　 [析] room這里為不可數名詞,意為空間,即沒有地方了。place多指場所所在之地。

　　 [誤] I came here to take place of Mr Smith.?

　　 [正] I came here to take the place of Mr Smith.?

　　 [析] take the place of 意為代替、取代某人某事。

　　 ?

　　 play ?

　　 [誤] Do you want to play guitar??

　　 [正] Do you want to play the guitar??

　　 [誤] I like to play the bridge.?

　　 [正] I like to play bridge(橋牌).?

　　 [析] play作為玩講時,在各種樂器前要加冠詞,在各種體育運動前則沒有冠詞。?

　　 please ?

　　 [誤] My friend pleased me to his birthday party yesterday.?

　　 [正] My friend invited me to his birthday party yesterday.?

　　 [析] please作為動詞時其詞義不是請,而是高興、愿意等意,如: She always does what she pleases. (她總是想做什么就做什么。)又如: It's hard to please all. 而please作為請講時為語氣詞,多用于祈使句中,如: Please come in.?

　　 [誤] Both the teacher and the mother were pleased to the little girl.?

　　 [正] Both the teacher and the mother were pleased with the little girl.?

　　 [析] 對某人表示滿意、喜歡,應用be pleased with somebody. 對某事感到高興和滿意時多用be pleased at或about,但有時也可用with,卻不能用of.?

　　 pleasure ?

　　 [誤] The boy gave his parents a lot of pleasures.?

　　 [正] The boy gave his parents a lot of pleasure.?

　　 [析] pleasure作為高興、愉快、享樂、娛樂 講時為不可數名詞。?

　　 [誤] It is pleasure to work with you.?

　　 [正] It is a pleasure to work with you.?

　　 [析] pleasure作為一件或某件樂事、高興之事講時為 可數名詞,如: It is one of my pleasures.?

　　 police ?

　　 [誤] The police has not found the cause of the accident.

　　 [正] The police have not found the cause of the accident.

　　 [析] police為復數名詞,它沒有單數形式。如果要講一個警察 要用a policeman,兩個要用two policemen,或a policewoman, two policewomen.?

　　 prepare ?

　　 [誤] I'm preparing the exam.?

　　 [正] I'm preparing for the exam.?

　　 [誤] We'll return in time for you to prepare for dinner.

　　 [正] We'll return in time for you to prepare dinner.?

　　 [析] prepare既是及物動詞,又是不及物動詞。作及物動詞時 其后面所跟的事物是正在 準備的;而作不及物動詞時for后面的事物是目標。如: I'm preparing for the exam. 應

　　 譯為我正在為考試做準備。同樣的用法還有search與search for.?

　　 present ?

　　 [誤] Don't worry. I can present the meeting.?

　　 [正] Don't worry. I can be present at the meeting.?

　　 [析] present作為出席、在場講時,是形容詞而不應 用作動詞。其動詞意為 送給;贈給;提出,如: The reporter presented arguments of his idea.

　　 ? put

　　 ?

　　 [誤] She put off her red dress and put on the green one.

　　 [正] She took off her red dress and put on the green on e.?

　　 [析] 與put連用的介詞很多,一般來講on與off是一對相反的意 義的介詞,如: turn on (打開),turn off(關上),穿衣服是put on,但脫衣服卻只能用take off,而put o ff是推遲、使某人下車、關掉之意,如: They put off the exam because t he national holiday. (因國家假日而推遲考期。)Could you put me off at the Town Ha ll. (請在市政廳讓我下車。)Please put off the wireless before you leave. (走之前 請關掉無線電。)?

　　-